Term
| What are the two subdivisions of the skeleton? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the axial skeleton consist of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the appendicular skeleton consist of? |
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Definition
| all bones not in the axial, appendages |
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Term
| What are the FOUR functions of the spine? |
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Definition
| protects spinal cord and rootlets, privides rigid and flexible access for the trunk, provides a pivot for the head to move, plays major roles in posture and gait |
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Term
| What is the spine incased in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the type of articulation that allows movement of the head around the spine? |
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Definition
| lantooccipital articulation |
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Term
| What are the two types of circumduction? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the curvatures of the spine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which curvature is seen at birth? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which curvature is only seen in adults? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four characteristics of primary curvature? |
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Definition
1. Known as Thoracic Curvature and Sacral Curvature
2. Also associated with Kyphosis
3. Concave anteriorly
4. Is only curvature present in newborn, but can be seen in adults as well |
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Term
| what are three characteristics of Secondary Curvature? |
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Definition
1. Cervical and Lumbar
2. associated with lordosis
3. concave posteriorly |
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Term
| Describe abnormal kyphosis. |
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Definition
| Extreme thoracic curvature posteriorly..hunchback |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal lateral curvature (to the right or left) |
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Term
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Definition
| Exaggerated lumbar curvature |
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Term
| How many vertebrae are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the characteristics of the body of a vertebrae |
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Definition
| always anterior, help support the weight of the body, attached tot he anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments, articulate with intervertebral discs |
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Term
| What is the function of the intervertebral disc? |
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Definition
| articulation of the spine |
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Term
| What is the function of the Anterior and Posterior longitudinal ligaments |
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Definition
| helps hold spine together |
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Term
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Definition
| attach arch to the body (the foot) |
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Term
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Definition
| form an arch extending from the pedicles |
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Term
| What are the seven processes associated with the arch of the vertebrae? |
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Definition
| 1 spinous, 2 superior articulating processes, 2 inferior articulating processes, 2 transverse processes |
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Term
| What are the intervertebral foramen? |
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Definition
| produced when vertebrae articulate with eachother |
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Term
| What is the intervertebral canal and its function |
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Definition
| is made up of intervertebral canals, holds spinal cord and rootlets |
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Term
| What is the first cervical vertebrae? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the second cervical vertebrae? C2 |
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Definition
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Term
| How many cervical vertebrae are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cervical vertebrae allows for lanotoccipital articulation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cervical vertebrae allows for lantoaxial articulation |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cervical vertebrae allows for lantoaxial articulation |
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Definition
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Term
| what is lantoaxial articulation |
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Definition
| the articulation between the atlas and axis and allows head to rotate from side to side (laterally) |
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Term
| Describe lantooccipital articulation |
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Definition
| articulates with the occipital bone, allows flexion and extension of head |
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Term
| What are the special characteristics of the atlas |
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Definition
| no spinous process, has posterior arch, allows flexion and extension of head |
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Term
| what are special characteristics of the axis |
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Definition
| has dens, is fused with anterior arch of atlas, allows rotation from side to side |
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Term
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Definition
| fused with anterior arch of the atlas causing the atlas and the axis to move as a uni |
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Term
| Describe the vertebrae prominens |
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Definition
| long, tapered spinous process, not bifricated (bump at base of neck) |
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Term
| What cervical vertebrae is not bifricated |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What allows for passage of vertebral arteries to brain and is present in all cervical vertebrae other than C7 |
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Definition
| transverse foramen and transverse processes |
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Term
| How many thoracic vertebrae are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the costal facets |
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Definition
| used for articulation with the heads of ribs and are present in all thoracic vertebrae |
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Term
| which thoracic vertebrae have facets on transverse processes |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the type of process on a thoracic vertebrae |
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Definition
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Term
| How many lumbar vertebrae are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is not present on the lumbar vertebrae that is on the thoracic vertebrae? |
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Definition
| costal facets- because lumbar do not articulate with ribs |
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Term
| Describe the spinous process of the lumbar vertebrae |
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Definition
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Term
| How many Sacral vertebrae are there? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| describe the sacral vertebrae |
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Definition
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Term
| describe the sacral vertebrae |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the remnants of the sacral vertebrae? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the remnants of the sacral vertebrae? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the function of the sacral vertebrae |
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Definition
| provides support to the pelvis |
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Term
| How does the sacral vertebrae articulate with the illium |
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Definition
| by means of the sacroilliac joing |
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Term
| What forms the part of the posterior pelvic wall |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the holes in the sacrum? |
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Definition
| on the anterior side: anterior sacral foramen, on the posterior side: posterior sacral foramen |
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Term
| What is the function of the posterior sacral foramen? |
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Definition
| allows for exiting of the dorsal and ventral rami of sacral spinal nerves |
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Term
| The anterior surface of the vertebral disc is attached to the... |
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Definition
| anterior longitudinal ligament |
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Term
| The posterior surface of the intervertebral disc is attached to the... |
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Definition
| posterior longitudinal ligament |
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Term
| what is the function of the intervertebral disc |
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Definition
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Term
| describe a herniated disc |
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Definition
| posterior longitudinal ligament is weaker than anterior and allows for the herniated disc to protrude posteriorly into the spinal cord and anterior canal |
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Term
| What is another name for the zygaphophyseal joint |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: The cervical and lumbar region are more flexible than the thoracic region |
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Definition
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