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anatomy test 4
test 4 flashcards
109
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
05/04/2016

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Term
cranial nerve I
Definition
olfactory- smell, olfaction
Term
cranial nerve II
Definition
optic- retina of eye, visual info
Term
cranial nerve III
Definition
oculomotor: eye movement, eye muscles
Term
cranial nerve IV
Definition
trochlear: superior oblique muscle
Term
cranial nerve v
Definition
trigeminal: largest, muscles of mastication, eyelid, orbital structure
Term
cranial nerve VI
Definition
abducens: lateral rectus muscle
Term
VII
Definition
facial, anterior 2/3 of tongue, facial expression
Term
VIII
Definition
vestibulcochlear- cochlea, hearing and balance
Term
IX
Definition
glossopharyngeal, posterior 1/3 of tongue, receptors for blood pressure, pH, oxygen and carbon dioxide
Term
X
Definition
vagus: diagphram
Term
XI
Definition
accessory, skeletal muscle of palate
Term
XII
Definition
hypoglossal: tongue
Term
Brain SHORT ANSWER
Definition
center for registering sensations, correlating sensations with one another
decisions, actions, intellect, emotions, behavior, memory
Term
dura matter
Definition
closest to the brain
Term
arachnoid matter
Definition
spider web appearance, cushions spinal cord
Term
pia matter
Definition
delicate, nourishes the brain
adheres to the brain and spinal cord
Term
falx cerebelli
Definition
seperates right and left cerebellar hemispheres
Term
falx cerebri
Definition
seperates right and light cerebral hemispheres
Term
tentorium cerebella
Definition
separates occipital lobes from the cerebellum
Term
cerebrospinal fluid
Definition
protects the brain and spinal cord
Term
ventricles
Definition
four cerebral fluid filled cavaities within the brain
Term
medulla oblongata
Definition
reflex center-autonomic processes
Term
pons
Definition
connects the spinal cord to brain
relay voluntary skeletal movement
pneumotaxic and epneustic
Term
midbrain
Definition
connects pons to diencephalon
Term
reticular formation
Definition
muscle bone
consciousness and wakening from sleeo
Term
cerebellum
Definition
coordinate skeletal muscle contraction, tone, posture, balance
Term
thalamus
Definition
relay all sensory impulses except smell
pain, temperature, awareness
Term
hypothalamus
Definition
homeostasis, emotion and behavior, satiety center, thirst center, temperature, circadian rhythms
Term
epithalamus
Definition
diuranal cycles, smells
Term
subthalamus
Definition
connect to motor areas of cerbrums
Term
circumventricular organs
Definition
homeostatic activities of the endocrine and nervous system
Term
cerebrum
Definition
largest part of the brain
Term
frontal lobe
Definition
voluntary skeletal muscle
higher intellectual processes
planning, problem solving
behavior, emotions, personality
Term
parietal lobe
Definition
sensation of touch, pressure
temperature and pain
understanding speech
Term
temporal lobe
Definition
visual and verbal memory
Term
occipital lobe
Definition
shapes and colors
Term
white matter
Definition
myelinated axons
Term
basal ganglia
Definition
helps control muscular movements
Term
limbic systems
Definition
emotional aspects of behavior and memory,
pleasure and pain
Term
2 most important motor areas
Definition
primary motor area,
Broca's motor area
Term
sensory areas
Definition
reception and interpretation of sensory impulses
Term
association area
Definition
memory, emotion, reasoning, personality, intelligence
Term
left hemisphere
Definition
spoken and written language,
numerical and scientific skills
practical, logical, mathematical
Term
right hemisphere
Definition
music, artistic, creativity
imagination
mental images
act spontaneously
Term
sensation
Definition
conscious or unconscious awareness of stimuli
Term
perception
Definition
conscious awareness
Term
modality
Definition
property by which one sensastion is distinguished from another
Term
general senses
Definition
somatic and visceral-internal
Term
special senses
Definition
smell, taste, vision, hearing, equilibrum
Term
components of sensation SHORT ANSWER
Definition
stimulation- needs a receptors to respond to enviornment
transduction- convert the stimulus
conduction- sens the stimulus on a path
translation- to develop stimulus into a sensation
Term
exteroceptors
Definition
skins
Term
interroceptors
Definition
internal
Term
proprioreceptors
Definition
muscles and tendons
Term
machanreceptors
Definition
touch
Term
thermoreceptors
Definition
heat
Term
nociceptors
Definition
pain
Term
phtoreceptors
Definition
light
Term
chemoreceptors
Definition
chemicals
Term
tactile sensations
Definition
touch, pressure, vibration, itch
Term
crude touch
Definition
ability to percieve that something has touched you
Term
discriminitive
Definition
at what part you have been touched
Term
meisseners corpuscles
Definition
touch, rapidly changins
Term
type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors
Definition
Ends of Ruffini, slow adapting
Term
Lamellated corpuscles
Definition
pacinian pressure, adapt rapidly
Term
visceral pain
Definition
just under skin
Term
somatic pain
Definition
superficial and deep
Term
phantom pain
Definition
feel as if amputated part is still there
Term
referred pain
Definition
pain appears in another area than the other that generates it
Term
cerebellum
Definition
learning and highly skilled, coordinated movement
Term
reticular activating system
Definition
sleeps and wakefulness
Term
learning
Definition
acquire new knowledge through instruction or experience
Term
memeory
Definition
knowledge retained over time
Term
plasticity
Definition
capability for change with learning
Term
short term memory
Definition
seconds or hours, electrical or biochemical
Term
long term memory
Definition
days or years, anatomical and biochemical
Term
engram
Definition
memory trace
Term
ophthalmology
Definition
eye and its disorders
Term
otolaryngology
Definition
other senses
Term
olfaction
Definition
smells
Term
taste SHORT ANSWERS
Definition
bitter-back
sour-back sides
sweet-front
salty-side front
Term
lacrimal apparatus
Definition
produce and drain tears
Term
fibrous tunic
Definition
outer coat of the eyeball
Term
sclera
Definition
white of the eye,
dense fibrous tissre
gives shape to eyeball
Term
cornea
Definition
nonvascular, transparent fibrous coat
refraction of light
Term
choroid
Definition
absorbs lgith rays
provides nutrients
Term
ciliary body
Definition
consists of ciliary process and ciliary muscle
Term
ciliary process
Definition
secrete aqueous humor
Term
ciliary muscle
Definition
alters shape of lens
Term
iris
Definition
colored portion, regulate amount of light
Term
pupil
Definition
where light enters
Term
retina
Definition
beginning of the visual pathway
Term
optic disc
Definition
where the optic nerve enters the eyeball
Term
static equilibrium
Definition
position
Term
rods
Definition
black and white vision
Term
cones
Definition
color vision
Term
macula lutea
Definition
exact center of the posterior portion of the retina
Term
fovea
Definition
area of sharpest vision
Term
lens
Definition
fine tuning focus
Term
lens
Definition
fine tuning focys
Term
anterior cavity
Definition
aqueous humor
Term
vitreous chamber
Definition
vitreous third posterior cavity,
second largest cavity of eyeball
Term
aqueous humor
Definition
fills the posterior to anterior chamber
Term
accomodation
Definition
increase in the curvature of the lens
allows to focus on near objects
Term
presbyopia
Definition
inability to read print at a close range
Term
myopia
Definition
nearsightedness
Term
hyperopia
Definition
farsightedness
Term
astigmatism
Definition
refraction abnormally due to an irregular curvature of either the cornea or lens
Term
photopigments
Definition
absorb light, color protein
Term
retinal
Definition
light absorbing part of photopigment
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