Term
| What is the immune system? |
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Definition
| Two divisions: non-specific & specific |
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Term
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Definition
defends agaisnt all pathogens
-skin & mucous membranes: keratin, natural acidity of secretions, enzymes, mucus
-cells: neutrophils & eosinophils destroy pathogens in blood & tissue
monocytes-phagocytosis
lymphocytes-NK cells kill viruses, bacteria, cancer cells, ect.
-fever: pyrogens secreted by WBC or pathogens can reset temperature setpt dangerous if temp is high enough to denature proteins otherwise beneficial(inc metabolism, reduced availability of minerals)
-inflammation: triggered when damaged cells release chemical signals vasodilation(redness, heat)
capilalary permeablitity(swelling)
pressure on nerve endings(pain) |
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Term
| what is the goal of inflammation? |
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Definition
prevent spread of pathogens & clear area for repair, dilute toxins, bring O2 & nutrients for repair, inc WBC #s
pus: collection of dead cells, pathogens |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanisms that defend agaisnt specific pathogens(antigens) |
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Term
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Definition
| anything that provokes an immune response, "nonself" (bacteria, pollen, fungi) |
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Term
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Definition
Major histocompatibility complex:
cell surface proteins that signify "self" & can present antigen to lymphocytes |
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Term
| what is the primary cell type of specific defense? |
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Definition
| lymphocytes-made in bone marrow, must become immunocompetent(able to recognize just one antigen) |
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Term
| What are the two type of lymphocytes here and what do they do? |
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Definition
B Cells(b lymphocytes) mature in the bone marrow, produce antibodies
T Cells(T lymphocytes) mature in the thymus, detect antigens inside cells(viruses) |
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Term
| What's the T Cells(cell-mediated immunity)- |
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Definition
detection of antigens inside cells antigen or fragment of antigen is displayed on cell's surface by MHC protein
T cell has surface receptor that recognizes a specific antigen activated T cells divide into several different types |
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Term
| What are the different types the T cell divides into? |
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Definition
| Helper T cells, Cytotoxic T cells, Suppressor T cells, & memory T cells |
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Term
| what's the helper T cell? |
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Definition
| "boss" of the immune response(loss is critical, ex. AIDS) directs T & B cells to proliferate & inc antibody production secrete chemicals to attract other WBCs |
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Term
| What's the cytoxic T cell do? |
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Definition
| "attack dogs" of the immune response, kills infected cells by secreting toxins |
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Term
| what's the suppressor T cells? |
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Definition
| "leash" of the immune system, secrete chemicals that inhibit T & B cells to end immune response |
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Term
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Definition
| "guard dogs", detect future exposure to antigen |
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Term
| What's B cells(humoral immunity)? |
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Definition
| detection of antigens in blood & tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| Y-shaped protein secreted by B cells, w/ region that recognizes a specific antigen & coats it which neutralizes pathogen or attracts phagocytes-either method ends in phagocytes |
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Term
| what's the different classes w/ various roles & locations in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| what's trigers B cells to divide rapidly? |
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Definition
the antigen
-plasma cells(manufacture & secrete antibodies)
-memory cells(starts immune response again if antigen encountered in the future) |
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