Term
|
Definition
Origin – sternum & clavicle
Insertion – mastoid process of temporal bone
Action – Flexes & laterally rotates head (so one flexes and head goes to other side)
Innervation – CN XI |
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Term
|
Definition
Origin – occipital bone, C7 spinous processes & all thoracic vertebrae
Insertion – scapula & clavicle
Action – stabilizes, raises, retracts & rotates scapula
Innervation – CN XI |
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Term
|
Definition
Origin – transverse process C1-C4
Insertion – scapula
Action – Elevates/adducts scapula
Innervation – cervical nerves C3-C5 |
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Term
|
Definition
Origin – transverse process of cervical vertebrae
Insertion – first 2 ribs
Action – elevates first 2 ribs
Innervation – C7 & C8 |
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Term
| Muscles in the Posterior Triangle |
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Definition
| SCM, Trapezius, Levator Scapulae, Scalenus Posterior, Scalenus Medius, Scalenus Anterior |
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Term
|
Definition
CN XI – Spinal accessory n.
Cervical plexus
Brachial plexus
Phrenic n. (C3,4,5) (important for breathing) |
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Term
Posterior Triangle
Vessels |
|
Definition
Subclavian a.
Transverse cervical a.
Suprascapular a.
External jugular v. |
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Term
Posterior Triangle
Lymph Nodes |
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Definition
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Term
| Anterior Triangle Muscles |
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Definition
Sternohyoid m.
Superior omohyoid m.
Sternothyroid m.
Stylohyoid m.
Mylohyoid m.
Geniohyoid m.
Digastric m.
Thyrohyoid m.
Pharyngeal constrictor muscles |
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|
Term
Anterior Triangle
Boundaries |
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Definition
| superior border is mandible, inferior border is sternum, lateral border is SCMs |
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Term
| Posterior Triangle Boundaries |
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Definition
| superior border is mandible, inferior to the mandible, inferior border is clavicle, superior to clavicle, anterior border is SCM, posterior to SCM, posterior border is trapezius, triangle is anterior to trapezius |
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Term
|
Definition
Insertion - Hyoid
Action - Depresses larynx & hyoid
Innervation - cervical nerves C1-C3 |
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Term
|
Definition
Insertion - Hyoid
Innervation - Cervical Nerves C1-C3 |
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Term
|
Definition
Action - Pulls larynx & hyoid inferior
Innervation - Cervical Nerves C1-C3 |
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Term
|
Definition
Origin - Styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion - Hyoid Bone
Action – elevates & retracts hyoid bone
Innervation – CN VII |
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Term
|
Definition
Origin – mandible
Insertion – hyoid bone
Action – forms the floor of the mouth
Innervation – CN V, mandibular branch V3 |
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Term
|
Definition
Origin – mandible
Insertion – hyoid bone
Action – Pulls hyoid superior and anterior
Innervation – via CN XII |
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Term
|
Definition
Origin – mandible
Insertion – hyoid bone
Action – open mouth & depress mandible
Innervation – CN V |
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Term
| Digastric m. Posterior belly |
|
Definition
Origin – mastoid process of temporal bone
Insertion – hyoid
Action – open mouth & depress mandible
Innervation – CN VII |
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Term
|
Definition
| Action – depress hyoid bone & elevates larynx |
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Term
| Pharyngeal constrictor m. |
|
Definition
| Action: constrict pharynx during swallowing |
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Term
|
Definition
Digastric
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid |
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Term
|
Definition
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid
Thyrohyoid |
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Term
| Function of Suprahyoid Muscles |
|
Definition
Involved in swallowing (They move the hyoid and larynx)
-Form the floor of oral cavity
-Anchor the Tongue
-Move the hyoid bone and the larynx |
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|
Term
Head Movement:
Sternocleidomastoid |
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Definition
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|
Term
Head Movement:
Suprahyoid and Infrahyoid |
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Definition
| Synergists to head flexion |
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|
Term
Head Movement:
Sternocleidomastoid and Scalenes |
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Definition
| Lateral Head rotate movements |
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|
Term
Head Movement:
Semispinalis Capitis |
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Definition
| Synergist with sternocleidomastoid |
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Term
Head Movement:
Splenius (Capitis and Cervicis portions) |
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Definition
| head extension, rotation, and lateral bending |
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Term
CN IX Glossopharyngeal
Motor & Sensory Functions |
|
Definition
Motor: innervates part of tongue and pharynx for swallowing; sympathetic fibers to parotid salivary glands
Sensory: Conduct taste and general sensory impulses from pharynx and post. tongue, and impulses from carotid chemoreceptors and baroreceptors |
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Term
|
Definition
-Only CN that extends beyond head, neck, diaphragm
-Most motor fibers are parasympathetic that regulate activity of the heart, lungs, and abdominal viscera
-Sensory fibers carry impulses from thoracic and abdominal viscera, baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and taste buds of posterior tongue and pharynx |
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Term
|
Definition
| Formed with ventral rootlets from C1-C5 region; rootlets pass into cranium via each foramen magnum; accessory nerves exit the skill via the jugular foramina to innervate the trapezius and SCM m. |
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Term
| Spinal Nerves: How many of each Type? |
|
Definition
31 Pairs total---
8 cervical (C1-C8)
12 Thoracic (T1-T12)
5 Lumbar (L1-L5)
5 Sacral (S1-S5)
1 Coccygeal (Co1) |
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Term
| Spinal Nerves connect to spinal cord via |
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Definition
| 2 roots: Anterior (Ventral) and Posterior (Dorsal) |
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Term
|
Definition
-Contain motor (efferent) fibers from ventral horn motor neurons
-innervate skeletal muscles |
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Term
|
Definition
-Contain sensory (Afferent) fibers from sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia
-Conducts impulses from peripheral receptors |
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|
Term
Cervical Nerves:
C1-C7 & C8 |
|
Definition
1-7: Exit superior to the vertebrae
8: Exits inferior to C7 vertebrae |
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|
Term
Cervical Plexus:
Formed by?
Innervates?
Includes? |
|
Definition
-Ventral Rami of C1-C4 (not C5)
-Innervates Skin and muscles of the neck, ear, back of head, and shoulders
-Includes Phrenic n., which is major motor and sensory nerve of the diaphragm (receives fibers from C3-c5) |
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|
Term
Brachial Plexus:
Formed by?
Innervates?
Major Branches? |
|
Definition
-Formed by Ventral Rami of C5-C8 and T1 (often C4 and T2)
-Gives rise to nerves that innervate the upper limb
-Major branches:
-Roots: 5 ventral rami (C5-T1)
-Trunks: Upper, Middle, and Lower
-Divisions: anterior and posterior
-Cords: lateral, medial and posterior |
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Term
|
Definition
definition: area of skin innervated by the cutaenous branches of a single spinal nerve
All spinal nerves except C1 participate in dermatomes
-Most overlap, so destruction of a single spinal nerve will not cause numbness |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Thumb (1st finger) and posterior lateral aspect of forearm |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| 5th Finger and posterior medial aspect of forearm |
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