Term
| What would happen if the round ligament of the femur were completely torn? |
|
Definition
| The head of the femur degenerates. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the ligaments of the hip limit excessive extension? |
|
Definition
| Iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral |
|
|
Term
| What nerves provide sensory innvervation to the hip joint? |
|
Definition
| Femoral, obturator, sciatic, superior gluteal, inferior gluteal |
|
|
Term
| The trochanteric bursa lies between what structures? |
|
Definition
| greater trochanter and the gluteus maximus |
|
|
Term
| The ischial bursa lies between what structures? |
|
Definition
| The ischial tuberosity and the gluteus maximus. |
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship of the sciatic N to the piriformis muscle? |
|
Definition
| It enters the gluteal region inferior to the piriformis M. |
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship of the superior gluteal nerves and vessels to the piriformis muscle? |
|
Definition
| The superior gluteal nerve and vessels enter the gluteal region superior to the piriformis muscle. |
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship of the inferior gluteal nerves and vessels to the piriformis muscle? |
|
Definition
| The inferior gluteal nerve and vessels enter the gluteal region inferior to the piriformis muscle. |
|
|
Term
| Which gluteal muscles abduct and IR? |
|
Definition
| Gluteus medius and minimus |
|
|
Term
| What gluteal muscles extend and ER? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gluteus maximus, piriformis, quadratus femoris, superior ad inferior gemelli, internal and external obturators. |
|
|
Term
| Damage to the superior gluteal nerve will affect which muscles and which actions? |
|
Definition
| The gluteus medius and minimus which are abductors and IR of the hip and the TFL which abduct and flex the hip |
|
|
Term
| Damage to the inferior gluteal nerve will affect which muscles and which actions? |
|
Definition
| The gluteus maximus which is an extensor and ER of hip |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between extra-articular and intra-articular structures? |
|
Definition
| The extra structures are on the outside or periphery of the articulation b/w the femur and tibia while the intra structures are in between femur and tibial area of articulation. |
|
|
Term
| What are the extra-articular structures of the knee? |
|
Definition
| Patellar L and T, quadriceps tendon, medial and lateral patellar retinaculi, LCL, MCL, oblique popliteal L, arcuate popliteal L. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the extra articular structures are common to both the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral jts? |
|
Definition
| The Patellar lig, quadriceps tendon, and the medial and lateral retinaculi. |
|
|
Term
| What are the intra articular structures of the knee? |
|
Definition
| medial and lateral menisci, ACL, PCL, meniscofemora L, coronal ligament, and transverse lig of the knee. |
|
|
Term
| What are the intra articular structures that are common to both the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral jts? |
|
Definition
| None of hte intra articular structures are common to both jts. |
|
|
Term
| What bursa lies over the tibial tuberosity? |
|
Definition
| Superficial infrapatellar |
|
|
Term
| What bursa lies deep to the quadriceps tendon? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bursa lies superficial to the patella |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bursa lies deep to the patellar ligament? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bursa lies over the lateral tibial condyle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bursa lies under the common tendon for the gracilis, sartorius, and semitendinosus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the sensory innervation of the knee joint? |
|
Definition
| Femoral N, obturator N, common peroneal N, and tibial N |
|
|
Term
| Where is the femoral triangle? |
|
Definition
| Bound superiorly by the inguinal ligament, laterally by the sartorius, medially by the adductor longus, and posteriorly by the iliopsoas. |
|
|
Term
| What does the femoral triangle contain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With damage to the femoral nerve what muscles could be involved and what movements and sensations could be impaired? |
|
Definition
| Psoas major, iliacus, sartorius, pectineur, and quadriceps femoris. Hip flexion, ER of hip (slight), knee extension and slight knee flexion. Sensation of the anterior thigh, medial leg and medial foot. |
|
|
Term
| Blockage of which arteries will affect the hip joint? |
|
Definition
| Femoral, profunda femoral, medial and lateral femoral circumflex, obturator, superior gluteal, inferior gluteal. |
|
|
Term
| Blockage of which arteries will affect the hamstrings? |
|
Definition
| Femoral, profunda femoral, perforating |
|
|
Term
| Blockage of which arteries will affect the adductor magnus? |
|
Definition
| Obturator, femoral, profunda femoral, perforating. |
|
|
Term
| Blockage of which arteries will affect the quadriceps? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscles of the anterior compartment flex the hip? |
|
Definition
| Iliopsoas, sartorius, rectus femoris, pectineus |
|
|
Term
| Which muscles of the anterior compartment extend the knee? |
|
Definition
| Vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, vastus intermedius |
|
|
Term
| Which muscles of the anterior compartment externally rotate the hip? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Damage to the obturator nerve could involve which muscles of hte medial thigh and impair which movements of the hip?Would there be any sensory impairment? If so, what would it be? |
|
Definition
| Gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus and hip adduction, medial rotation, flexion (some), ext (some). Sensation to medial thigh. |
|
|
Term
| What medial compartment muscles both medially rotate and adduct the hip? |
|
Definition
| Gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus |
|
|
Term
| Which of the medial compartment muscles are innervated by two different nerves? What might youfind if only one o these nerves were damaged? |
|
Definition
| Adductor magnus- Obturator N. and Tibial N. component of the Sciatic N. If either of these nerves is damaged and the adductor magnus is involved there would e a weakness in hip adduction and medial rotation and slight weakness in hip ext when hip is flexed |
|
|
Term
| What artery supplies blood to the muscles of the posterior compartment? |
|
Definition
| Profunda femoral, perforating |
|
|
Term
| Damage to the tibial nerve could affect which posterior compartment muscles and what actions? |
|
Definition
| Temitendinous, semimembranosus, long head of the biceps femors would be involved and hip ext, knee flex, and tibial IR and ER |
|
|
Term
| Damage to the common peroneal N could affect which posterior compartment muscles and what actions? |
|
Definition
| Short head of the biceps femoris and knee flexion and ER of tibia |
|
|
Term
| Which of the posterior compartment muscles flex the knee? |
|
Definition
| Semitendinous, semimembranous, long and short heads of the biceps femoris |
|
|
Term
| Which of the posterior compartment muscles IR the tibia? |
|
Definition
| Semitendinous, semimembranous |
|
|
Term
| Which of the posterior compartment muscles extend the hip? |
|
Definition
| Semimembranous, semitendinous, long head of the biceps femoris |
|
|
Term
| Which of the posterior compartment muscles ER the tibia? |
|
Definition
| Long and short heads of the biceps femoris |
|
|
Term
| Trauma to the popliteal fossa could damage what muscles, what nerves and what arteries? |
|
Definition
| M= semiteninous, semimembranous, biceps femoris, popliteus, gastroc N=common peroneal, tibial, medial and lateral sural, genicular posterior fem cutaneous; A= popliteal, genicular |
|
|
Term
| What arteries in the popliteal fossa supply blood directly to the knee joint? |
|
Definition
| Superior medial genicular, superior lateral genicular, middle genicular, inferior medial genicular, inferior lateral genicular |
|
|
Term
| Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation to the posterior thigh? y/N |
|
Definition
| No-damage distal to the posterior thigh |
|
|
Term
| Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the anterior leg? |
|
Definition
| Yes- deep peroneal N. off common peroneal N. |
|
|
Term
| Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerve in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation to the medial thigh? |
|
Definition
| No- obturator N- damage distal to nerve |
|
|
Term
| Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the posterior leg? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the anterior thigh? |
|
Definition
| No-femoral N- damage distal to nerve |
|
|
Term
| Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the foot? |
|
Definition
| yes- innervation to the foot from tibial and common peroneal N. |
|
|
Term
| What are the main movements permitted at the ankle joint? |
|
Definition
| Plantar flexion and dorsiflexion |
|
|
Term
| What are the main movements permitted at the subtalar joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the main movements permitted at the midtarsal joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A lateral sprain of the ankle resulting from excessive inversion of the foot could damage which ankle ligaments? |
|
Definition
| Lateral collateral which consist of the anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, posterior talofibular.. Anterior ande posterior are most common |
|
|
Term
| A medial sprain of the ankle due to excessive eversion of the foot could damage which ankle ligaments? |
|
Definition
| deltoid which consists of the anterior tibiotalar, posterior tibiotalar, tibiocalcaneal, tibionavicular |
|
|
Term
| What is the sensory innervation of the ankle joint? |
|
Definition
| Tibial N., deep peroneal N. from common peroneal N. |
|
|
Term
| What two joints form the midtarsal joint? |
|
Definition
| calcaneocuboid, talonavicular |
|
|
Term
| What muscles and actions could be affected with damage to the deep peroneal N. How about the common peroneal nerve? |
|
Definition
| Anterior tibialis, extensor digitorum longus and brevis and the extensor hallicis longus and brevis. Actions of ankle dorsiflexion, foot inversion, ext of toes and big toe would be weakened. Sam muscles and action would be seen with damage to the common peroneal N. |
|
|
Term
| What sensory impairment could result from damage to the deep peroneal N. |
|
Definition
| The skin between the big toe and the second toe? |
|
|
Term
| What common ankle movement results from the action of the anterior tibialis, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the difference in the action of the anterior tibialis, as compared to extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum |
|
Definition
| The anterior tibialis does not extend the toes and the extensors do not invert the foot. |
|
|
Term
| Rupture of the Achilles tendon would affect what muscles and actions? |
|
Definition
| Gastroc, plantaris, soleus, plantar flexion of the ankle and inversion of the foot |
|
|
Term
| what muscles in the posterior compartment produce ankle plantarflexion? |
|
Definition
| Gastroc, soleus, plantaris, posterior tibialis, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicis longus |
|
|
Term
| What muscles in the posterior compartment produce ankle dorsiflexion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What muscles in the posterior compartent produce foot inversion? |
|
Definition
| Gastroc, soleus, plantaris, posterior tibialis |
|
|
Term
| What muscles in the posterior compartment produce knee flexion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What muscles in the posterior compartment produce foot eversion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How could damage to the common peroneal N affect the dosum of the foot? |
|
Definition
| Action of the extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallicis brevis and sensation to the dorsum of the foot including the area b/w the big and second toe. |
|
|
Term
| How could damage to the superficial peroneal N afect the dorsum of the foot? |
|
Definition
| Sensation to the dorsum of the foot but not b/w the big and second toe. |
|
|
Term
| How could damage of the deep peroneal N affect the dorsum of the foot? |
|
Definition
| Action of the extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallicis brevis and sensation to the dorsal skin area b/w the big and second toe. |
|
|
Term
| How could damage to the Tibial N afect the dorsum of the foot? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg and dorsum of the foot have in comon? |
|
Definition
| Both are extensors of the toes and innervated by Deep peroneal N. |
|
|
Term
| What forms the plantar arch? |
|
Definition
| The deep plantar artery from the dorsalis pedis and hte lateral plantar artery from the posterior tibial A |
|
|
Term
| Occlusion of the popliteal A will decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot? y/n |
|
Definition
| Yes affect posterior and anterior tibial A |
|
|
Term
| occlusion of anterior tibial A will decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect o the foot? y/n |
|
Definition
| Yes- affects dorsalis pedis and thus deep plantar |
|
|
Term
| Occlusion of peroneal a will decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot? y/n |
|
Definition
| No-does not reach the foot |
|
|
Term
| Occlusion of posterior tibial a will decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot? y/n |
|
Definition
| yes-gives off the lateral and medial plantar A to the foot |
|
|
Term
| Occlusion of inferior genicular A will decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot? y/n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the L5? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the lateral plantar N |
|
Definition
| Lateral plantar surface of the foot up to but no including the 3rd toe |
|
|
Term
| What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the deep peroneal N |
|
Definition
| Dorsal skin between the big and second toes |
|
|
Term
| What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to S1 |
|
Definition
| Plantar surface of foot, dorsal and plantar surface of little toe, dorsum of toes |
|
|
Term
| What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the medial plantar n? |
|
Definition
| Medial plantar surface of the foot upto but not including the 4th toe |
|
|
Term
| What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the tibial N |
|
Definition
| Entire plantar surface of the foot |
|
|
Term
| What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the Common peroneal N |
|
Definition
| Dorsum of foot except for lateral border |
|
|
Term
| What muscles lie in layer three of hte plantar aspect of the foot? |
|
Definition
| Flexor hallicis brevis, flexor digiti minimi, adductor hallicis |
|
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