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Anatomy & Physiology
Chapter 2 Terms
21
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
08/18/2012

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Term
element
Definition
any of the building blocks of matter
Term
compound
Definition
substance scomposed of two or more different elements, the atoms of which are chmically united
Term
ion
Definition
an atom with a positive or negative electric charge
Term
salt
Definition
ionic coumpound that dissociates into charged particles, orther than hydrogen or hydroxyl ions, when dissolved in water
Term
catalyst
Definition
a substance that accelerates a specific chemical reation but that is not altered by the reaction
Term
inorganic compound
Definition
a compound that lacks carbon
Term
organic compound
Definition
a compound containing carbon
Term
solution
Definition
a homogenous mixture of two or more components
Term
proton
Definition
subatomic particle that bears a positive charge, located in the atomic nucleus
Term
polar molecules
Definition
nonsymmetrical molecules that contain electrically unbalanced atoms
Term
pH
Definition
the symbol for hydrogen ion concentration, a measure of the relative acidity or alalinity of a solution
Term
neutron
Definition
a fundamental particle that does not carray a positive or negative charge
Term
neutralization
Definition
1. a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base 2. blockage of the harmful effects of bacterial exotoxins or viruses by the binding of antibodies to their functional sites
Term
ionization
Definition
dissociation, the breakdown of a molecure in solution to form ions
Term
matter
Definition
anything that occupies space and has mass
Term
enzyme
Definition
a substance formed by living cells that acts as a catalyst in bodily chemical reactions
Term
hydrogen bond
Definition
weak bond in which a hydrogen atom forms a bridge between two electron-hungry atoms, an important inframo-lecular bond
Term
base
Definition
a substance that accepts hydrogen ions, proton acceptor
Term
acid
Definition
a substance that liberates hydrogen ions when in an aqueous solution
Term
electrolyte
Definition
a substance that breaks down into ions when in solution and is capable of conducting an electric current
Term
isotope
Definition
these vary in the number of neutrons they contain and they are a different atomic form of the same element
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