Term
| What is a narrow, cleft like opening between adjacent parts of bones through which blood vessels or nerves pass: |
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Definition
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| What is a space etween skull bones at birth, filled with dense fibrous connective tissue |
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Definition
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| what is a Hole; generally blood vessels or nerves pass through |
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| A groove that accomodates a soft structure such as blood vessell, nerve or tendon |
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| Rough area, bigger than a tubercle |
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| Ridge, but not very prominent |
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Term
Name the bones of the hand using the sentence;
Steve left the party to take Cathy home |
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Definition
| Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate |
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Term
Name the bones on the foot using the sentence:
Most Individuals Like Cherries N Their Coke |
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Definition
Medial Cuneiform
Intermediate Cuneiform
Laterial Cuneiform
Cuboid
Navicular
Talus
Calcaneus |
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Term
| What are the three (Anatomical) Structural Classifications of Joints: |
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Definition
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial |
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Term
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Definition
| A point of contact between bones, between cartilage and bones or between teeth and bones |
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Definition
| Scientific study of joints |
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Term
| Describe a Fibrous Joint: |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe a Cartilaginous Joint |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe a Synovial Joint |
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Definition
Most Numerous
Contains a joint cavity
Ligaments
Surrounded by a capsule |
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Term
| Describe the three (3) Functional (Physiological) characterists of joints: |
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Definition
Synarthroses
Amphiarthroses
Diarthroses |
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Term
| Describe Synarthroses Joints |
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Definition
Tight fitting joint
Immoveable |
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Term
| Describe Amphiarthroses Joints |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe Diarthroses Joints |
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Definition
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Term
| Define the the four (4) types of Synarthroses type of Joints: |
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Definition
Suture
Synostosis
Synchondrosis
Gomphosis |
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Term
| Define the two (2) types of Amphiarthroses Joints |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Found only between bones of the skull
Fibrous joint
dense fibrous connective tissue
Synarthroses |
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Term
| Describe a Synostosis joint: |
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Definition
Synarthroses
Bony joint
complete fusion of bone across a suture line |
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Term
| Describe a synchondrosis: |
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Definition
Synarthroses
Cartilaginous joint
Hyaline Cartilage
Example: Epiphysial plate |
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Term
| Describe a Gomphosis Joint: |
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Definition
Synarthroses
Fibrous joint in which a cone shape peg fits into a socket
Example: Teeth
Peridontal ligament |
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Term
| Describe a Symphysis Joint: |
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Definition
Amphiarthroses:
More moveable than synchondrosis
Cartilaginous joint - Fibrous cartilage
Fibers fuse into bone
Example: Intervertebral disc and pubic symphysis |
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Term
| Describe a Syndesmosis Joint: |
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Definition
Amphiarthroses
Fibrous joint with considerable more fibrous connective tissue than a suture
More flexible and movement
Example: Interosseus membrane of tibia and fibula |
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Term
| Describe the characteristics of a Synovial Joint |
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Definition
1. Joint Cavity
2. Joint Capsule
3. Synovial Fluid
4. Articular Cartilage
5. Ligaments
6. Bursae
7. Menisci |
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Term
| Describe a Synovial Joint Capsule: |
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Definition
Fibrous dense irregular CT
Synovial Membrane - simple squamous |
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Term
| What kind of fluid is in Synovial Fluid |
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Definition
Albumin
Water
Hyaluronic Acid |
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Term
| What is Articular Cartilage made of |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Ligaments made of |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the characteristics of Bursae |
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Definition
Sack containing synovial fluid
Reduces Friction
Resembles joint capsule
Isolated between skin and bone in places where skin rubs over bone
Also found between tendons and bones, muscles and bone and within articular capsule |
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Term
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Definition
Fibrocartilage pad
Compressive Shock |
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Term
| What is a Diathroses Joint: |
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Definition
| Synovial Joint - Freely Moveable |
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Term
| Name the Types of Diathroses (Synovial Joint) Movements |
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Definition
Gliding
Hinge
Joint
Pivot Joint
Ellipsoidal Joint (Condyloid)
Saddle Joint
Ball and Socket |
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Term
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Definition
All Gliding Joints are synovial
Non Axial
2 Flat bones come together
Only side to side and back and forth movement
Example: Bones of hand, bones wiggle and slid around where flat surfaces come together |
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Term
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Definition
Uniaxial (1 direction)
Conves surface of 1 bone fits into the concave surface of another bone
Example: Knee, elbow or Ankle |
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Term
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Definition
Rotating Joint
Spinning / Rotating
Rounded or pointed surface of 1 bone articulates within a ring formed partly by another bone and party by a ligament
Example: Atlas & Axis; Ulna & Radius |
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Term
| Describe an Ellipsoidal Joint: |
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Definition
AKA Condyloid Joint
Biaxial movement
Oval shaped condyle of 1 bone fits into an elliptical cavity of another
bone
Example: Joint at wrist between radius and carpal |
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Term
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Definition
Articular surface of one bone is saddle-shaped, and the articular surface of the other bone is shaped like the legs of a rider sitting in the saddle
Modified condylar joint
Example: Joint between trapezium of the carpals and metacarpal of the thumb |
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Term
| Describe a Ball and Socket Joint |
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Definition
Triaxial Movement - most degree of motion
Consists of a ball like surface of 1 bone fitted into a cup like depression of another bone
Example: Shoulder joint, Hip Joint |
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Term
| What are the three types of Movement of Diarthroses (Synovial Joints): |
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Definition
Angular
Circiular
Gliding
Special |
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Term
| Name the types of Angular type of Movements: |
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Definition
Flexion - Decreased angle
Extension - Increases angle only to 180 degree
Hyperextension - increase angle beyond 180 degree
Abduction - move away from the long axis of the body
Adduction - move toward the long axis of the body |
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Term
| Describe Flexion and give an example: |
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Definition
Decreases the angle
Example: Standing on 1 leg
bowing the head, leaning the body anteriorly forward, bending the head to touch the mandible to the chest |
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Term
| Describe Extension and give an example: |
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Definition
Increases angle only to 180 degrees
Example: Lowering the elbow to the axial of the body, standing on both feet from a 1 legged stance, look at the stars |
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Term
| Describe hyperextension and give an example: |
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Definition
Increase angle beyond 180 degrees
Example: Backbending of the spine |
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Term
| Describe Abduction and give an example: |
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Definition
Move away from the long axis of the body
Example: Spreading the fingers out like a catchers mit. Raising the arm outward parallel to the shoulder like |
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Term
| Describe Adduction and give an example: |
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Definition
Move toward the long axis of the body
Example: Palm with all of the fingers touching each other (royal wave), Lowering the arm to the side |
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Term
| What are the two Circiular Movements: |
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Definition
Rotation - bone spins on own axis
Circumduction - cone shaped motion |
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Term
| Describe Rotation and give an example: |
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Definition
Bone spins on own axis
Example: Raising arm at elbow and moving it in front of the waist close to the body (lateral rotation) |
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Term
| Describe circumduction and give an example: |
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Definition
Cone Shaped Motion
Example: Movement of arm at the shoulder joint performing a circular movement |
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Term
| Describe a Gliding Motion |
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Definition
The surface of one bone moves back and forth and from side to side over another surface.
Example: 2 Flat bones come together, move side to side or back and forth
Example: Carpal joints, tarsal joint |
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Term
| What are the special Movements; |
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Definition
Inversion
Eversion
Dorsiflexion
Plantar Flexion
Protraction
Retraction
Supination
Pronation
Elevation
Depression |
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Term
| Describe Inversion and provide example: |
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Definition
| Turning sole of foot inward |
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Term
| Describe Eversion and provide example: |
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Definition
| Turning sole of foot outward |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pointing toes downward (like a ballerina) |
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Term
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Definition
Moving Forward
Example: Moving the mandible outward, the up phase of doing a push up |
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Definition
Move Backward
Example: Moving mandible back to the original position |
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Term
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Definition
| Palm turned anteriorly or superiorly |
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Term
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Definition
| Palm turned posteriorly or inferiorly |
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Term
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Definition
Movement upward
Example: Shrugging the shoulders upward or closing the mandible |
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Term
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Definition
Movement Downward
Moving the shoulders downward or opening the mandible |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What type of joint is the Interveterbral Joint |
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Definition
| Fibrous and amphiathrotic |
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Term
| What are the movements of the hip joint |
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Definition
Abduction / Adduction
Circumduction
Lateral and Medial Rotation
Flexion and Extension |
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Term
| What are the movements of the knee joint |
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Definition
Extension / Flexion
Rotation |
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Term
| What are the movements of the elbow joint |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Acetabular Labrum |
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Definition
| A rim of fibrocartilage around the margin of the acetabulum |
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Term
| What type of joint is the Glenohumeral |
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Definition
Diathrotic Synovial
Ball and socket |
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Term
| What type of a joint is the Acrominoclavicular (Acromion of Ulna and Clavicle) |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of a joint is the Iliofemoral (Ilium & Femur) |
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Definition
| Synovial, Diathrotic, Ball and Socket |
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Term
| What kind of joint is the Hip (Coxal) Joint |
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Definition
Ball and socket - synovial, Diathrotic
Head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum
Good ROM but limited by the deep socket and strong ligament |
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Term
| What type of joint are between the vertebrae |
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Definition
Gliding Joints
Diathrotic and synovial
Between superior and inferior facets
Stabilized by ligaments |
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Term
| What are some of the joints in the hip |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the Ligamentum Teres |
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Definition
| Ligament of femoral head is located at the hip joint |
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Term
| Where is the ischiofemoral ligament |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of joint is the Glenohumeral |
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Definition
Ball and socket - synovial / diathrotic
Head of humerus articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula
Stabilized by ligaments
Stability sacrificed for ROM |
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Term
| Where is the Glenohumeral joint: |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the Coracohumeral |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the Coracoacromial |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the Acrominoclavicular ligament |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the Coracoclavicular ligament |
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Definition
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Term
| What four (4) tendons encircle the shoulder joint that make up the rotator cuff |
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Definition
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor |
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Term
| What type of joint is the Elbow Joint |
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Definition
Synovial, diathrotic, Hinge
Allows flexion and extension only
Radius and Ulna articulates with the humerus
Strong Ligaments |
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Term
| what is the Largest 3 joints in one Hinge? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Anterior Cruciate Liagment |
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Term
| What is partial dislocation of a joint |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Infammation of bursa, usually caused by a blow or friction
Symptoms are pain and swelling
Treated with anti-flammatory drugs, excessive fluid may be aspirated |
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Term
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Definition
Inflammation of tendon sheaths typically caused by overuse
Symptoms: Pain and swelling, treatment is anti-flammatory druds |
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Term
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Definition
Degenerative disease that damages the joint
Acute forms caused by bacteria and are treated with antibotics
chronic Forms are:
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoic arthritis
Gout
Arthritis is the most wide spread crippling disease in the US |
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