1. Which of the following is NOT a tissue type found in the skin? 

A. Stratified squamous epithelium

B. Loose connective tissue

C. Dense irregular connective tissue

D. Ciliated columnar epithelium

E. Vascular tissue

2. Which of the following layers of the epidermis is NOT found in thin skin? 

A. Stratum basale

B. Stratum spinosum

C. Stratum granulousum

D. Stratum lucidum

E. Stratum corneum

3. Which of the following is a simple coiled tubular gland?

A. Sudoriferous gland

B. Sebaceous gland

C. Parathyroid gland

D. Mammary gland

4. Which of the following nail structures is the white crescent near the root of the nail?

A. Epinychium

B. Lunula

C. Nail matrix

D. Hyponychium

E. Free edge

5. Which of the following describes the abnormal color of the skin caused by liver disease with the subsequent accumulation of bile salts in the blood. 

A. Bronzing

B. Jaundice

C. Pallor

D. Erythema

E. Albinism

6. Which of the following ribonucleic acids will transport a specific activated amino acid to the ribosome for the synthesis of a protein? 

A. mRNA

B. rRNA

C. tRNA

7. The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template is called ______. 

A. Replication

B. Transcription

C. Translation

11. What is the mode of secretion by the salivary glands? 

A. Meriocrine

B. Holocrine

C. Apocrine

12. Which connective tissue lies underneath epithelial tissues?

A. Areolar tissue

B. Reticular tissue

C. Dense regular connective tissue

D. Dense irregular connective tissue

E. Hyaline cartilage 

13. Which is NOT capable of simple diffusion through the plasma membrane? 

A. Calcium ions (Ca²⁺)

B. O₂

C. CO₂

D. Testosterone

E. Estradiol

14. Which is NOT a characteristic of an epithelial tissue?

A. Exhibits a polarity

B. Has an abundant extracellular matrix

C. Avascular

D. Has a regenerative property

E. Is richly innervated

15. A cutaneous membrane is composed of what specific epithelial tissue type? 

A. Simple squamous epithelium

B. Simple columnar epithelium

C. Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

D. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

E. Transitional epithelium

16. What is the outcome of one ATP being split into ADP by the Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase? 

A. 2 sodiums pumped intracellular; three potassiums pumped extracellular

B. 2 sodiums pumped extracellular; three potassiums pumped intracellular.

C. 3 sodiums pumped extracellular; two potassiums pumped extracellular.

D. 3 sodiums pumped extracellular; three potassiums pumped extracellular

E. 3 sodiums pumped extracellular; 2 potassiums pumped intracellular. 

17. Which of the following proteins is most important for the process of exocytosis? 

A. Clathrin

B. SNAREs

C. Dynamin

D. Heterotrimeric G proteins

18. A kinase has the following function:

A. Take ATP, remove the phosphate from ATP, and phosphorylate target proteins

B. Convert GTP and GDP to make the protein inactive

C. Binds steroid hormones to active as a ligand-binding transcription factor.

D. Converts cAMP into linear AMP

19. Which of the following molecular motors could be found on microfilaments?

A. Myosin

B. Kinesin

C. Dynein

D. Tubulin

E. Actin

20. Which protein composes the microtubule? 

A. Actin

B. Keratin

C. Lamin

D. Tubulin

21. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue?

A. Exhibits a polarity

B. Derived from mesoderm/mesenchyme cells

C. Avascular

D. Cells are on top of a basement membrane

E. Composed almost entirely of cells

22. If you isolated a protein that was integral, passed through the membrane seven times, and has no apparent enzymatic activity, what protein class/ family could this be?

A. Nuclear/steroid receptor family

B. Voltage-gated ion channel

C. Ligand- gated ion channel

D. Receptor tyrosine kinase

E. GPCR (G protein-coupled receptor

23. Which is NOT considered to be a function of the integumentary system/skin?

A. physical and chemical barrier

B. contains somatosensory receptors

C. provides storage sites for calcium and phosphate

D. responsible for synthesis of calcitriol

E. Helps to control body temperature

24. Which of the following is NOT a glycoprotien you could find in the ground substance of a connective tissue?

A. Laminin

B. Hyaluronic acid

C. Fibronectin

D. Chondronectin

E. Osteonectin

25. If a protein is to be secreted, it displays a signal sequence which will cause the ribosome to be transported from the cytosol to the rough ER. What molecule will recognize this signal sequence?

A. Sec61 (translocon) complex

B. SRP (signal recognition particle)

C. SNAREs

D. Dynamin

E. Clathrin skeleton

26. Adenylin cyclase          A. Activated by cAMP

27. Protein kinase A           B. Splits PIP₂ into IP₃ and DAG

28. Protein Kinase C          C. Activated by DAG and calium ions

29. Phospholipase C          D. Cleaves a PUFA from a phospholipid

30. Phospholipase A2        E. Converts ATP to cAMP

26. E

27. A

28. C

29. B

30. D

Passive or Active transport?

31. Cotransport

32. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis

33. Aquaporin

34. Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase

35. Osmosis

31. Active

32. Active

33. Passive

34. Active

35. Passive

Matching:

36. Areolar connective tissue

37. Adipose connective tissue

38. Reticular connective tissue

39. Dense regular connective tissue

40. Dense irregular connective tissue

A. Spleen, lymph nodes, liver

B. Tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses

C. Papillary layer of the dermis

D. Hypodermis, tissue surrounding mammary glands

E. Periosteum, Reticular layer of dermis

36. C

37. D

38. A

39. B

40. E

Matching:

41. Simple squamous

42. Simple cuboidal

43. Psuedostratified

44. Transitional

45. Stratified squamous

A. "respiratory" epithelium

B. Oral cavity, esophagus, vagina

C. Thyroid follicles, tubules of kidneys

D. Alveoli of lungs, inner lining of blood vessels

E. Urinary bladder, ureters

41. D

42. C

43. A

44. E

45. B

46. Hyaline cartilage

47. Elastic cartilage

48. Fibrocartilage

49. Bone

50. Blood

A. Skeleton

B. Intervertebral discs, symphysis pubis

C. Articular cartilage, costal cartilages

D. Connective tissue without fibers; in the vasculature

E. Epiglottis, pinna (outer ear). 

46. C

47. E

48. B

49. A

50. D

66. T or F? During countertransport, one substance is moving in one direction across the membrane while another substance is moving in the opposite direction

67. T or F? Replication of DNA occurs in the nucleus

70. T or F? The stratum basale are the mitotically- active cells of the epidermis

71. T or F? Alopecia is a condition of excessive hair

72. T or F? A burn that covered an anterior portion of the trunk and the anterior portion of the left arm would have covered 22.5% of the body surface.

73. T or F? A second-degree burn would damage only the epidermis