Term
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Definition
| Double layer of peritoneum that connects an intraperitoneal organ to the abdominal wall (e.g. small intestine, large intestine, appendix, and esophagus). Results from invagination of peritoneum by the organ. |
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| Apron-like peritoneal fold that hangs from the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon |
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| Double-layered extension of peritoneum that passes from the stomach to adjacent organs of abdominal cavity |
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Definition
| Double-layered peritoneal fold that connects the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver |
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Definition
| Consists of a double layer of peritoneum that connects an organ to another organ or to the abdominal wall |
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| Peritoneal ligament connecting greater curvature of the stomach to the spleen |
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| Peritoneal ligament connecting greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon |
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Definition
| Peritoneal ligament connecting the lesser curvature of stomach to the liver |
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Definition
| Portion of lesser omentum connecting liver to duodenum that conducts the portal triad (portal vein, hepatic artery, and common bile duct) |
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| Peritoneal ligament that attaches the stomach to the inferior border of the diaphragm |
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| Peritoneal ligament that attaches the left colic flexure to the thoracic diaphragm, which by doing so, actually supports the spleen |
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| Site(s) on each abdominal organ that are free of visceral peritoneum so as to allow for the entry or exit of neurovascular structures |
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| Reflection of peritoneum that is raised from body wall and typically house blood vessels (Think: umbilical folds in perineum) |
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Definition
| Pouch of peritoneum formed by peritoneal fold |
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Definition
| Peritoneal cavity superior to the transverse mesocolon that contains the stomach, liver, gallbladder, and spleen |
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Definition
| Peritoneal cavity inferior to the transverse mesocolon that contains the ascending colon, descending colon, rectum, cecum, and lower small intestines |
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Definition
| Grooves between the lateral aspects of the large intestine that permit free communication between the supracolic and infracolic divisions of peritoneal cavity |
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| Sac-like cavity posterior to the stomach that allows for free movement of stomach |
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Definition
| Communication between omental bursa and greater peritoneal sac at the site of the hepatoduodenal ligament |
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Definition
| Muscular tube approximately 25 cm long that conveys food from the pharynx to the stomach and has three normal constrictions (cervical, thoracic, and diaphragmatic) |
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Term
| Phrenicoesophageal Ligament |
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Definition
| Attachment between the esophagus and esophageal margin of diaphragm that provides for independent movement between these two structures |
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Definition
| Site where the esophagus and stomach meet at the level of the T1 vertebra (cardiac orifice) |
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Definition
| Jagged demarcation resulting from the abrupt change in mucosa from esophageal to gastric |
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Term
| Inferior Esophageal Sphincter |
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Definition
| Musculature in the esophagus just superior to the z-line that prevents gastric juices from backflowing into the esophagus and actually causes food to momentarily pause here before entering the stomach |
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Definition
| Expanded part of ailmentary tract between the esophagus and small intestine that is specialized for the accumulation of food and enzymatic digestoion of this food into chyme |
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Definition
| Part of stomach surrounding the cardiac orifice near the esophagogastric junction |
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| Dilated superior part of the stomach that reaches as high as the 5th intercostal space |
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Definition
| Major part of the stomach that comprises most of this organ |
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Definition
| Funnel-shaped outflow region of the stomach |
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Definition
| Wide part of the pylorus that channels chyme into the pyloric canal |
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Definition
| Thickening of the circular layer of smooth muscle immediately after the pyloric canal that controls the discharge of chyme into the duodenum |
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Term
| Lesser Curvature of Stomach |
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Definition
| Forms the shorter, concave border of the stomach nearest to the liver |
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Term
| Greater Curvature of Stomach |
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Definition
| Forms the longer, convex border of the stomach nearest to the spleen |
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Definition
| Sharp indentation two-thirds of the way down on the lesser curvature that provides visual marker for junction of pylorus and body of stomach |
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Definition
| Longitudinal ridges of gastric mucosa lining the stomach that protects the stomach from gastric acid and are mainly seen during peristalsis |
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| Temporary formation created by gastric mucosa along the lesser curvature of the stomach that is only noticeable when stomach is empty (distended) |
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| Structures forming the posterior wall of the omental bursa on which the stomach rests in the supine position |
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| Arterial supply arising from the abdominal aorta that bifurcates to distribute arteries to most the stomach indirectly |
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| Branch off of the celiac trunk that follows the lesser curvature of the stomach to supply the esophagus |
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Definition
| Main branch off of the celiac trunk that runs on posterior surface of stomach to the spleen, giving off several small branches in the process |
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Term
| Left Gastroepiploic Artery |
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Definition
| Brach from splenic artery that runs along greater curvature of the stomach and eventually anastamoses with right arterial counterpart |
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Term
| Right Gastroepiploic Artery |
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Definition
| Branch from the gastroduodenal artery that covers the right portion of the greater curvature of stomach and later anastamoses with left counterpart |
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Definition
| Small branch off of splenic artery that supplies arterial blood to the fundus of the stomach |
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Definition
| Branch arising from celiac trunk that passes through the portal triad and upon its exit from triad, bifurcates in the left and right common branches |
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Definition
| Branches off of hepatic artery aand passes posterior to the gastroduodenal junction to provide blood to the stomach, bile duct, and beginning of duodenum |
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Term
| Pancreaticoduodenal Artery |
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Definition
| Branches off of gastroduodenal artery which divides into inferior and posterior arteries to supply both the duodenum and pancreas |
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Definition
| Branch of the hepatic artery that runs along the lesser curvature of the stomach and supplies pyloric part of stomach |
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Term
| Left and Right Gastric Veins |
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Definition
| Parallel the left and right gastric arteries to drain lesser curvature of stomach to the hepatic portal vein |
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Definition
| Drains the fundus of the stomach to the splenic vein |
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Definition
| Drains left portion of the greater curvature of stomach to splenic vein |
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Definition
| Runs alongside the splenic artery and joins the superior mesenteric vein to form the hepatic portal vein |
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Term
| Right Gastroepiploic Vein |
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Definition
| Drains the right portion of the greater curvature of stomach to the superior mesenteric vein |
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Term
| Anterior Vagal Trunk (CN X) |
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Definition
| Derived from the left vagus nerve and courses along the lesser curvature where it gives off hepatic and duodenal branches early, gastric branches later |
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Term
| Posterior Vagal Trunk (CN X) |
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Definition
| Derived from the right vagus nerve and also runs on lesser curvature of stomach to give rise to the celiac plexus and supply innervation to both the anterior and poster surfaces of the stomach |
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Definition
| The primary site of absorption of nutrients from ingested materials that consists of three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum |
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Definition
| First, widest, and shortest (25 cm) part of the small intestine that runs a C-shaped course around the head of the pancreas to end at the level of the L2 vertebra with the duodenojejunal junction |
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Term
| Superior Part of Duodenum (First Part) |
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Definition
| Ascends from the pylorus and is overlapped by the liver and gallbladder, with the hepatoduodenal ligament also attached |
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Term
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Definition
| First 2 cm of the superior part of duodenum that possesses mesentery (only portion of duodenum that does) and is mobile as a result |
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| Descending Part of Duodenum (Second Part) |
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Definition
| Portion of small intestine that runs inferiorly and curves around the head of the pancreas |
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Term
| Hepatopancreatic Ampulla (Ampulla of Vater) |
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Definition
| Union of the bile and pancreatic ducts that regulates the flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum at major duodenal papilla |
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Term
| Inferior Part of Duodenum (Third Part) |
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Definition
| Part of small intestine that runs transversely below the pancreas and passes over the aorta, IVC, and L3 vertebra |
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Term
| Ascending Part of Duodenum (Fourth Part) |
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Definition
| Segment of the small intestine that runs superiorly and along the left side of the aorta to join with the jejunum |
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Term
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Definition
| The acute angle that is formed by the junction of the duodenum and jejunum |
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Term
| Ligament of Treitz (Suspensory Muscle of the Duodenum) |
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Definition
| Periotneal fold from the diaphragm that supports the attachment of the duodenum and jejunum and facilitates movement of intestinal contents from these two small intestinal segments. Contraction of the muscle widens the angle of the duodenojejunal flexure and allows food to pass easily into the jejunum |
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