Term
| what does the pattern of nerve damage for an injury depend on, why |
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Definition
| injury, nerve, location because most muscles are innervated by many spinal nerves |
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Term
| what are acute nerve injuries caused by |
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Definition
| traction, pressure, division (cut) |
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Term
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Definition
| a pull that breaks a rips a nerve from the root |
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Term
| what causes chronic nerve injuries |
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Definition
| tumor, hematoma of tissue around it |
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Term
| what part of the brachial plexus is located in the posterior triangle |
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Definition
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Term
| what part of the brachial plexus is located in the axilla |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the disease name for an upper root lesion |
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Definition
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Term
| what motion causes erb duchenne palsy |
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Definition
| stretch neck and shoulder apart, fell from motorcycle, horse, birth injury |
|
|
Term
| what roots are effected in erb duchenne palsy, how |
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Definition
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Term
| what nerves are impaired in erb duchenne palsy |
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Definition
| suprascapular, musculocutanous, axillary |
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Term
| what muscles are impaired in erb duchenne palsy |
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Definition
| supraspinatus, infraspinatus, biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis, deltoid teres minor |
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|
Term
| what are the symptoms of erb duchenne palsy |
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Definition
| arm hangs limp, medially rotated, pronation, loss of sensation on lateral arm |
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Term
| what is the difference in erb duchenne palsy if the radial nerve happens to be involved |
|
Definition
| wrist flexes creating waitors tip |
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|
Term
| what is the disease that has a lower root lesion |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what motion causes klupumke palsy |
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Definition
| excessive abduction, grabing onto something up high when falling |
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|
Term
| what nerves are affected in klupumke palsy |
|
Definition
| tear in T1 (maybe C8) roots affecting ulnar and median N |
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|
Term
| what are the symptoms of klupumke palsy |
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Definition
| small muscles of hands lost, hyperextension of metacarpalphalangeals, flexion of interphalangeals (claw hand), loss of sensation in median arm |
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|
Term
| what is the cause of claw hand |
|
Definition
| lumbricals and interossei are not opposed by the flexor compartment anymore |
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Term
| what symptoms does damage to the long thoracic nerve cause |
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Definition
| cant raise arm above head, winged scapula |
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|
Term
| what muscle does damage to the long thoracic nerve affect |
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Definition
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Term
| what can damage the serratus anterior |
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Definition
| removing pecs, surgical injury, pressure in neck, stab in chest |
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|
Term
| what nerve roots is the axillary nerve associated with |
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Definition
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|
Term
| how can the axillary nerve be damaged |
|
Definition
| pporly adjusted crutch, dislocation of shoulder, fracture of humerus surgical neck, humerus dislocation |
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|
Term
| what muscles does damage to the axillary nerve affect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of damage to the axillary nerve |
|
Definition
| loss of sensation in lower deltoid, deltoid atrophy, abduction impaired |
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|
Term
| in general, where are the branches of the radial nerve in relation to the structures they innervate |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what causes damage to the axillary part of the radial nerve |
|
Definition
| pressure from a crutch, falling asleep with arm over chair, fracture or dislocation of humerus |
|
|
Term
| what muscles are effected by a radial nerve axillary injury |
|
Definition
| triceps, aconeus, extensors of the wrist |
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|
Term
| what are the symptoms of a radial nerve injury in the axillary region |
|
Definition
| cant extend elbow at wrist, wrist drop, sensory loss from posterior cutanous nerve of arm and forearm and lateral dorsum of the hand and 3 fingers |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| cannot grasp firmly because on is in complete flexion |
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|
Term
| what causes a radial nerve injury by the spiral groove |
|
Definition
| fracture of the humerus shaft |
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|
Term
| what are the symptoms of a radial nerve injury at the spiral groove |
|
Definition
| wrist drop, dorsum of hand and 3 fingers sensory loss |
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|
Term
| what are the causes of damage to the radial nerve deep branch |
|
Definition
| fracture of the proximal radius, dislocation of the radial head |
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|
Term
| what are the symptoms of damage to the radial nerve deep branch |
|
Definition
| motor function lost to extensor muscles, no sensory loss of wrist drop |
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|
Term
| why doesnt damage to the radial nerve deep branch cause wrist drop |
|
Definition
| because the extensor carpi radialis still has function |
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|
Term
| what causes damage to the superificial branch of the radial nerve |
|
Definition
| stab, incision, laceration |
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|
Term
| what are the symptoms of injury to the superificial branch of the radial nerve |
|
Definition
| loss of sensory to the hand dorsum and 3 fingers |
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|
Term
| when would the musculocutanous nerve be injured |
|
Definition
| it really wouldnt, it is hard to injur alone |
|
|
Term
| what muscles does the medial nerve supply |
|
Definition
| front of forearm except flexor carpi ulnaris and medial flexor digitorum profundus, palmer cutanous, thrnar eminence, lumbricals 1-2 |
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|
Term
| what causes an injury to the median nerve at the elbow |
|
Definition
| supracondylar fracture of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what muscles are affected in a median nerve injury at the elbow |
|
Definition
| biceps pull it forward, loose pronators and flexors of fiingers |
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|
Term
| what are the symptoms of a median nerve injury at the elbow |
|
Definition
| supination, adducted because of flexor carpi ulnaris, lateral rotation and adduction of the thumb (ape hand), atrophy, eminence flatens, loss of sensation to palmm and palmer aspect of the lateral 3 fingers |
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|
Term
| what causes injury to the median N at the wrist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of injury to the median nerve at the wrist |
|
Definition
| loss of thenar eminence muscles (ape hand), lumbricals 1-2. sensory loss |
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|
Term
| what causes carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
Definition
| compression on the median nerve |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
Definition
| burning, pins and needles, thenar weakness, no cutanous loss |
|
|
Term
| what is a test for carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
Definition
| decompression gives lots of improvement |
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|
Term
| where does injury to the ulnar nerve at the elbow |
|
Definition
| below the medial condyle (the funny bone) |
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|
Term
| what causes injury of the ulnar nerve at the elbow |
|
Definition
| fracture of medial condyle |
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|
Term
| what does the ulnar nerve innervate |
|
Definition
| flexor carpi ulnaris, medial flexor digiforum profundus |
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|
Term
| what are the symptoms of damage to the ulnar nerve at the elbow |
|
Definition
| cant flex terminal phalanges, wrist flexion weak, abduction, cannot abduct or adduct fingers, half claw hand on fingers 4-5 |
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|
Term
| what loose innervation if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow |
|
Definition
| except thenar and lumbricals 1+2 the hand is lost, loss of sensation in last fingers |
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|
Term
| what are the symptoms of injury to the ulnar artery at the wrist |
|
Definition
| small hand muscles paralyzed, claw hand, sensory loss |
|
|
Term
| what sensory nerves are not affected when the ulnar nerve is injured at the wrist |
|
Definition
| post cutanous nerve and palmer cutanous |
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|
Term
| why is the claw hand when ulnar nerve is damaged at the wrist |
|
Definition
| because flexor digitorum profundus is not paralyzed |
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