Term
| where does the right common carotid artery originate |
|
Definition
| brachiocephalic trunk posterior to subclavian joint |
|
|
Term
| where does the left common carotid artery originate |
|
Definition
| aortic arch in superior mediastinum |
|
|
Term
| what surrounds the carotid artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the carotid artery divide |
|
Definition
| upper border of the thyroid cartilage |
|
|
Term
| what does the carotid artery divide into |
|
Definition
| external and internal carotid arttery |
|
|
Term
| what is in the carotid sheath (also give their orientation to the carotid) |
|
Definition
| carotid artery, juggular vein (lateral), vagus nerve (between vessels), internal juggular vein (posterior) |
|
|
Term
| what is the carotid sinus, where is it located |
|
Definition
| the terminal part of the carotid artery and begining of the internal carotid artery, a local dilation |
|
|
Term
| what does the carotid sinus contain |
|
Definition
| nerve endings, many from the glossopharyngeal nerve, that are baroreceptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nerve endings that respond to changes in blood pressure |
|
|
Term
| what is the carotid body, where is it located |
|
Definition
| highly vascular epithelial structure at the carotid bifurcation |
|
|
Term
| what does the carotid body contain |
|
Definition
| nerve endings, mostly glossopharyngeal, that are chemoreceptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nerve endings that respond to chemical changes in blood (O2, CO2, pH) |
|
|
Term
| what triangle of the neck does the external carotid ascend through |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| after passing through the carotid triangle, where does the external carotid go? describe its location in relation to the muscles. how does it then end? |
|
Definition
| deep to posterior belly of the digastric and stylohyoid and terminates in the parotid gland, posterior to the neck of the mandible dividing into superificial temporal and maxillary |
|
|
Term
| what are the anterior branches of the external carotid |
|
Definition
| superior thyroid, lingual, facial arteries |
|
|
Term
| what are the posterior branches of the external carotid |
|
Definition
| occipital, posterior auricular |
|
|
Term
| what are the medial branches of the external carotid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the terminal branches of the external carotid |
|
Definition
| superficial temporal and maxillary |
|
|
Term
| what does the superior thyroud supply blood to |
|
Definition
| upper lobe of thyroid gland |
|
|
Term
| what branches off the superior thyroid artery |
|
Definition
| superior laryngeal artery |
|
|
Term
| what pierces the thyrohyoid membrane |
|
Definition
| superior laryngeal artery and internal laryngeal nerve |
|
|
Term
| what bone marks the spot of origin of the lingual artery from the external carotid |
|
Definition
| greater horn of the hyoid |
|
|
Term
| what crosses the initial segment of the lingual artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the relation of the lingual artery to the hypoglossus muscle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the lingual artery supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the facial artery originate in relation to the lingual |
|
Definition
| immediatly above or in a common trunk with it on the external carotid |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the facial artery from its point of origin to the face (in relation to muscles and bones) |
|
Definition
| deep to posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid, then arches over them and the submandibular gland, curves around inferior border of mandible, enters face |
|
|
Term
| right before the facial artery enters the face, it gives off a bunch of branches. what do they supply? |
|
Definition
| pharynx, soft palate, palatine tonsil, submandibular gland, neighboring muscles |
|
|
Term
| what muscle does the occipital artery originate near |
|
Definition
| from the external carotid near the posterior belly of the digastric |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the occipital artery through the muscles on its way to its terminal branches |
|
Definition
| superior and deep to the posterior belly of the digastric and mastoid process |
|
|
Term
| what do the terminal branches of the occipital artery accompany |
|
Definition
| branches of greater occpital nerve |
|
|
Term
| what do the branches of the occipital artery supply |
|
Definition
| posterior scalp, auricle, middle ear, mastoid air cells, cranial dura mater, neighboring muscles |
|
|
Term
| what muscles does the posterior auricular artery originate near |
|
Definition
| from the external carotid near the posterior belly of the digastric |
|
|
Term
| what notch, or collection of bones, does the posterior auricular artery pass through |
|
Definition
| between cartilage of externa acoustic meatus and mastoid process |
|
|
Term
| what does the posterior auricular artery supply |
|
Definition
| auricle, middle ear, scalp above and behind the ear, parotid gland, neighboring muscles |
|
|
Term
| what is the smallest branch of the external carotid |
|
Definition
| ascending pharyngeal artery |
|
|
Term
| on what wall does the ascending pharyngeal artery ascend, what is its relation to the internal carotid artery |
|
Definition
| pharyngeal wall to cranial base, medial |
|
|
Term
| what does the ascending pharyngeal artery supply |
|
Definition
| pharynx, soft palate, palatine tonsil, middle ear, cranial dura mater |
|
|
Term
| where does the superificial temporal artery ascend in relation to the ear, what accompanies it |
|
Definition
| anterior with the auriculotemporal nerve, superificial temporal vein, |
|
|
Term
| where does the superificial temporal nerve pass on the zygomatic process |
|
Definition
| lateral to the root of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone |
|
|
Term
| what does the superificial temporal artery supply |
|
Definition
| frontal, temporal, parietal regions of the scalp, parotid gland, external ear, face, temporomandibular joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the largest terminal branch of the external carotid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the maxillary artery from its branch point to termination |
|
Definition
| anterior and deep to the neck of the mandible, through the infratemporal fossa, terminates in the pterygopalatine fossa |
|
|
Term
| what does the maxillary artery supply |
|
Definition
| external and middle ear, cranial dura mater, upper and lower taath and gingiva, muscles of mastication, face, hard and soft palate, palatine tonsil, nasal cavity |
|
|
Term
| what collects most of the venous blood from the head and neck |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the internal juggular vein begin |
|
Definition
| jugular foramen as a continuation of hte sigmoid sinus |
|
|
Term
| where does the internal jugular end |
|
Definition
| posterior to the sternoclavicular joint, where it joins subclavian vein to form brachiocephalic vein |
|
|
Term
| what nodes follow the juggular vein |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is significant about the upper and lower ends of the internal juggular vein |
|
Definition
| they are dilated, the superior and inferior bulbs |
|
|
Term
| what are the tributaries of the internal juggular vein |
|
Definition
| inferior petrosal sinus and sigmoid sinus, lingual vein, pharyngeal veins, facial vein, superior and middle thyroud vein, occipital vein |
|
|
Term
| what leave the cranial cavity via jugular foramen and drain into the superior bulb of the internal juggular vein |
|
Definition
| inferior petrosal sinus and sigmoid sinus |
|
|
Term
| what is the right subclavian artery posterior to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the left subclavian artery a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the subclavian divided into parts by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the first part of the subclavian |
|
Definition
| from orogin to medial border of scalenus anterior |
|
|
Term
| where is the second part of the subclavian |
|
Definition
| posterior to the scalenus anterior |
|
|
Term
| where is the third part of the subclavian |
|
Definition
| from the lateral border of the scalenus anterior to the border of rib 1, where it becomes continous with axillary artery |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the first part of the subclavian artery |
|
Definition
| vertebral artery thyrocervical trunk, internal thoracic artery |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the second part of the subclavian artery |
|
Definition
| costocervical trunk (may originate from the first part) |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the 3rd part of the subclavian |
|
Definition
| gives rise to dorsal scapular artery or may have no branches |
|
|
Term
| where does the vertebral artery originate |
|
Definition
| 1st part of the aubclavian artery |
|
|
Term
| what are the parts of the vertebral artery |
|
Definition
| 1. prevertebral 2. cervical 3. atlantic 4. intercranial |
|
|
Term
| where does the first part of the vertebral artery end |
|
Definition
| transverse forament of C6 |
|
|
Term
| what muscles does the first part of the vertebral artery run between |
|
Definition
| longus colli and scalenus anterior |
|
|
Term
| what is posterior to the first part of the vertebral artery |
|
Definition
| cervical sympathetic ganglion |
|
|
Term
| where does the second part of the vertebral artery begin and end |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the second part of the vertebral artery run anterior to |
|
Definition
| ventral rami of corresponding spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
| what artery is in the middle of the suboccipital triangle |
|
Definition
| atlantic part of the vertebral artery |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the atlantic part of the vertebral artery |
|
Definition
| runs medially, posterior to lateral mass of the atlantis and enter vertebral canal passing under posterior atlant-ooccipital membrane, it lies within groove on superior surface of posterior arch of atlas |
|
|
Term
| what is the major arterial supply to the brain stem |
|
Definition
| intercranial part of the vertebral artery |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the intercranial part of hte vertebral artery |
|
Definition
| pierces dura mater and arachnoid and ascends into cranial cavity within subarachnoid space via foramen magnum |
|
|
Term
| what part of the vertebral artery gives off its major branches |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what branches does the cervical part of the vertebral artery give off |
|
Definition
| small muscular and spinal |
|
|
Term
| where does the thyrocervical trunk originate |
|
Definition
| from the first part of the subclavian artery just medial to the scalenus anterior muscle and opposite the origin of the internal thoracic artery |
|
|
Term
| how does the thyrocervical trunk end |
|
Definition
| divides into inferior thyroid, superificial cervicial and suprascapular arteries |
|
|
Term
| what does the inferior thyroid artery supply |
|
Definition
| larynx, trachea, pharynx, esophagus, thyroid, parathyroid |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the thyrocervical trunk to the thyroid gland |
|
Definition
| ascends to level of cricoid cartilage and arches medially, posterior to carotid sheath to reach lower part of lobe of thyroid gland |
|
|
Term
| what is the iferior thyroid artery next to |
|
Definition
| recurrent laryngeal nerve |
|
|
Term
| where does the ascending cervical artery originate from, at what location |
|
Definition
| from the inferior thyroid artery and arches medially |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the ascending cervical artery |
|
Definition
| ascends on scalenus anterior and supplies adjacent muscles, gives 1-2 spinal branches |
|
|
Term
| what does the transverse cervical artery run anterior to |
|
Definition
| scalenus anterior, phrenic nerve, brachial plexus |
|
|
Term
| what does the transverse cervical artery supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if the dorsal scapular originates from the artery off the thyrocervical trunk that is the artery called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if dorsal scapular originates from the subclavian artery, what is the branch of the thyrocervical trunk called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the suprascapular artery branch off of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the relationship in location between the suprascapular artery and the transverse cervical artery |
|
Definition
| suprascapular is parappel and inferior to it |
|
|
Term
| what does the suprascapular artery supply |
|
Definition
| muscles on posterior aspect of scapula |
|
|
Term
| where does the costocervical trunk originate |
|
Definition
| 2nd part of the subclavian artery |
|
|
Term
| what does the costocervical trunk pass over before it divides |
|
Definition
| posteriorly over cervical pleura |
|
|
Term
| where does the costocervical trunk divide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the costocervical trunk divide into |
|
Definition
| supreme intercostal artery, deep cervical artery |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the supreme intercostal artery |
|
Definition
| descends in front of neck of 1st and 2nd ribs and gives off posterior intercostal arteries of upper 2 intercostal spaces |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the deep cervical artery |
|
Definition
| passes posterior between transverse process of C7 and neck of rib 1, ascends between semispinalis capitis and semispinalis cervicis muscles |
|
|
Term
| how does the deep cervical artery end |
|
Definition
| anastomoses with branch of occipital artery |
|
|
Term
| what does the deep cervical artery supply |
|
Definition
| deep muscles of the back of neck |
|
|
Term
| where does the dorsal scapular originate |
|
Definition
| from transverse cervical or subclavian artery (usually part 3) |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the dorsal scapular artery |
|
Definition
| passes through brachial plexus, passes deep to levator scapulae to superior angle of the scapula, descends along medial border of scapula, deep to rhomboid muscles |
|
|
Term
| what does the dorsal scapular artery run next to near its end |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the dorsal scapular artery supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does the dorsal scapular muscle end |
|
Definition
| anastomoses with suprascapular artery and subscapular artery |
|
|
Term
| what is the subscapular artery a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the subclavian vein begin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the aubclavian artery a continuation of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the subclavian artery |
|
Definition
| over rib 1, anterior and slightly inferior to subclavian artery |
|
|
Term
| how does the subclavian vein end, where |
|
Definition
| posterior to sternoclavicular joint joins internal juggular vein forming bracheocaphalic vein |
|
|
Term
| what is the tributiary of the subclavian vein |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of fibers does the vagus nerve contain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of nerve is the vagus nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the vagus nerve between in the carotid sheath superiorly |
|
Definition
| internal juggular vein and internal carotid artery |
|
|
Term
| what is the vagus nerve between in the carotid sheath inferiorly |
|
Definition
| internal juggular vein and common carotid artery |
|
|
Term
| what are the sensory ganglia of the vagus nerve |
|
Definition
| superior and inferior ganglion |
|
|
Term
| where is the superior ganglion |
|
Definition
| on the vagus nerve within the juggular foramen |
|
|
Term
| where is the inferior ganglion |
|
Definition
| on the vagus nerve just inferior to the jugular foramen |
|
|
Term
| where does the vagus nerve branch |
|
Definition
| within the juggular foramen |
|
|
Term
| what does the cagus nerve branch into in the juggular foramen |
|
Definition
| meningel and auricular branch |
|
|
Term
| what does the memingeal nerve supply |
|
Definition
| dura mater of posterior cranial fossa |
|
|
Term
| what does the auricular nerve supply |
|
Definition
| auricle, external scoustic meatus, tympanic membrane |
|
|
Term
| what does the auricular nerve run within |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the vagus nerve in the neck |
|
Definition
| pharyngeal, superior laryngeal, cardiac, righ recurrent laryngeal |
|
|
Term
| what does the pharyngeal nerve supply |
|
Definition
| motor innrvation to tmost muscles of the pharynx and soft palate |
|
|
Term
| what forms the pharyngeal plexus |
|
Definition
| pharyngeal nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, and superior cervical ganglion |
|
|
Term
| what does the superior laryngeal divide into |
|
Definition
| internal and external laryngeal nerves |
|
|
Term
| what type of innervation is the internal laryngeal nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of innervation is the external laryngeal nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the internal laryngeal nerve pierce, what goes with it |
|
Definition
| the thyrohyoid membrane with the superior laryngeal vessels |
|
|
Term
| what does the internal laryngeal nerve supply |
|
Definition
| mucosa o laryngopharynx,larynx, posterior tounge |
|
|
Term
| what does the external laryngeal nerve supply |
|
Definition
| circothyroid muscle, part of inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle |
|
|
Term
| where do the cardiac branches of the laryngeal nerve end |
|
Definition
| cardial plexus in the thorax |
|
|
Term
| describe the path or relations to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve |
|
Definition
| curves around inferior aspect of right subclavian artery close to its origin, ascends to larynx in groove between trachea and eshopagus on right side |
|
|
Term
| what type of fibers does the accessory nerve have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what nerve number is the accessory nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| histoircally, what is said to form the accessory nerve |
|
Definition
| cranial and spinal roots joining |
|
|
Term
| in reality waht forms the accessory nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why is the cranial root considered, by some, to be part of the cranial nerve |
|
Definition
| it runs with it but really is part of the vagus nerve |
|
|
Term
| where does the accessory nerve originate from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the accessory nerve ascend, what is it posterior to |
|
Definition
| in the vertebral canal, posterior to the denticulate ligament |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the accessory nerves going in and out of the skull |
|
Definition
| originates C1-5 (out), ascends in vertebral canal, enters posterior cranial fossa through foramen magnum (in), exits posterior cranial fossa through juggular foramen (out) |
|
|
Term
| after the vagus nerve finally exits the skill, what its its path |
|
Definition
| descends lateral to the internal juggular vein, enters deep surface of sternonucleomastoid and supplies it, emerges over midpoint of posterior border of sternonucleomastoid, crosses posterior triangle of neck of levator scapulae, disspiears under anterior border of trapezius and supplies it |
|
|
Term
| what type of fibers does the hypoglosseal nerve have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the hypoglosseal nerve supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the hypoglosseal nerve originate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the hypoglosseal nerve exit the skull |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| after exiting the skull, what does the hypoglosseal nerve descend between, when does this relationship end |
|
Definition
| internal carotid artery and internal juggular vein until the angle of mandible |
|
|
Term
| after reaching the angle of the mandible what does the hypoglosseal nerve do |
|
Definition
| curves around occipiral artery and turns forward |
|
|
Term
| after the hypoglosseal curves around occipiral artery and turns forward, where does it go |
|
Definition
| runs anterior to the tounge, superificial to the external carotid, deep to posterior belly of the digastric, stylohoid, mylohyoid muscles |
|
|
Term
| at what location is the hypoglosseal nerve joined by cervical nerves, which ones |
|
Definition
| opposite the atlas it is joined by ventral remi of C1-2 |
|
|
Term
| what do the ventral rami of C1-2 that join the hypoglosseal nerve supply |
|
Definition
| motor innervation to infrahyoir muscles and geniohyoid, and sensory information to dura mater of posterior cranial fossa |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the hypoglosseal nerve |
|
Definition
| meningeal branch, upper root of ansa cervicalis, nerves to thyrohyoid and geniohyoid, terminal branches |
|
|
Term
| where does the meningeal branch of the hypoglosseal nerve branch at |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the meningeal branch of the hypoglosseal nerve supply |
|
Definition
| dura mater of posterior cranial fossa |
|
|
Term
| what fibers does the meningeal branch of the hypoglosseal nerve contain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what fibers does the upper root of the ansa cervicalis contain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what fibers do the nerves to the thyrohyoid and geniohyoid contain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the derminal branches of the hypoglosseal nerve supply |
|
Definition
| intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tounge except the palatoglossus |
|
|
Term
| what fibers do the terminal branches of the hypoglosseal nerves contain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the cervical sympathetic trunk between |
|
Definition
| posterior to carotid sheath and anterior to pervertebral muscles |
|
|
Term
| what white communicating rami does the cervical sympathetic trunk recieve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where do the preganglionic fibers for the cervical sympathetic trunk originate from |
|
Definition
| upper 4 thoracic segments |
|
|
Term
| what are the ganglia of the cervical sympathetic trunk |
|
Definition
| superior, middle, inferior cervical ganglia, sometimes a 4th vertebral ganglia |
|
|
Term
| if existant, what is the vertebral cervical ganglia located by |
|
Definition
| anterior aspect of vertebral artery close to its origin |
|
|
Term
| what kind of fibers to all cervical ganglia contain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the largest cervical ganglion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the superior cervical ganglia |
|
Definition
| internal carotid nerve, external carotid nerve, gray communicating rami to C1-4, pharyngeal branches, superior cervical cardiac nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the upward continuation of the superior cervical ganglia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the internal carotid nerve divide into |
|
Definition
| branches that form plexus around internal carotid artery and its branches |
|
|
Term
| what does the external carotid nerve join |
|
Definition
| external carotid artery forming a plexus around it and its branches |
|
|
Term
| what does the pharyngeal branches of the superior cervical ganglia join |
|
Definition
| pharyngeal branches of glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves to form pharyngeal plexus |
|
|
Term
| where does the superior cervical cardiac nerve end |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the smallest cervical ganglion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the middle cervical ganglion connonly lie |
|
Definition
| at level of cricoid cartilage, close to arch of inferior thyroid artery |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the middle cervical ganglion |
|
Definition
| gray communicating rami for spinal nerves C5-6, middle cervical cardiac nerve, thyroid branches |
|
|
Term
| where does the middler cervical cardiac nerve end |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the thyroid branches of the middle cervical ganglia follow, where do they end |
|
Definition
| the inferior thyroid artery to the thyroid gland |
|
|
Term
| what does the inferior cervical ganglion commonly fuse with |
|
Definition
| first thoracic ganglion to form cervicothoracici (stellate) ganglion (sometimes seperate though) |
|
|
Term
| what is the inferior cervical ganglion between |
|
Definition
| transverse process of C7 and neck of rib 1 |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the inferior cervical ganglion |
|
Definition
| gray communicating rami of C7-8, branches that accompany vertebral and aubclavian arteries, inferior cervical cardiac nerve, ansa subclavia |
|
|
Term
| where does the inferior cervical cardiac nerve end |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the ansa subclavia connect |
|
Definition
| middle and inferior cervical ganglia |
|
|
Term
| what does the ansa subclavia loop arround |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the cervical plexus formed by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the cervical plexus formed, how |
|
Definition
| C1-4 ventral rami are connected by nerve loops anterior to origin of levator scapular and scalenus medius and deep to sternonucleomastoid |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the cervical plexus |
|
Definition
| cutanous branches, ansa cervicalis, phrenic nerve, muscular branches |
|
|
Term
| what are the cutanous branches of the cervical plexus |
|
Definition
| lesser occopital, great auricular, transverse cervical, suprascapular |
|
|
Term
| what spinal nerves form the phrenic nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the phrenic nerve |
|
Definition
| descends anterior to scalenus anterior muscle, crossed by superificial cervical and suprascapular arteries, at root of neck passes anterior to 1st part of subclavian, descends through superior and middle mediastinum to reach diaphragm |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscular branches of the cervical plexus |
|
Definition
| supply anterior vertebral muscles, scalenus medius, levator scapulae, trapezius, sternonucleomastoid |
|
|
Term
| what does the endocrine gland secrete |
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Definition
| thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), calcitonin |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the thyroid gland surrounded by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the thyroid gland derived from |
|
Definition
| pretracheal layer of deep cervical fascia, endoderm of floor of pharynx in region where tounge develops |
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|
Term
| what does the paratracheal layer of the deep cervical fascia attach to |
|
Definition
| attaches gland to trachea and larynx |
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|
Term
| where is the location of origin of the thyroid gland |
|
Definition
| dorsal surface of the tounge |
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|
Term
| how is the location of origin of the thyroid gland seen in an adult |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what is the thyroglossal duct |
|
Definition
| connects the thyroid gland to the tounge, dissipears during development |
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|
Term
| what are thyroglossal cysts |
|
Definition
| cysts caused by persistence of a segment of thyroglossal duct |
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|
Term
| where are thyroglossal cysts located |
|
Definition
| in anterior midline of neck, close to hyoid bone |
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|
Term
| what are the parts of the thyroid gland |
|
Definition
| two lobes (right and left), isthmus, pyramidal lobe |
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|
Term
| what does the apex of the thyroid gland reach to |
|
Definition
| oblique line of thyroid cartilage |
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|
Term
| what does the base of the thyroid gland reach to |
|
Definition
| 4th or 5th tracheal cartilages |
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|
Term
| what does the isthmus of the thyroid gland extend across to |
|
Definition
| 2nd or 3rd tracheal cartilages |
|
|
Term
| how is the pyrmidal part of the thyroid gland orientated |
|
Definition
| projects up from the isthmus |
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|
Term
| what is the pyrimidal part of the thyroid a remnent of |
|
Definition
| distal part of thyroglossal duct that does not dissipear |
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|
Term
| what is anteriolateral to the thyroid gland lobes |
|
Definition
| sternothyroid, sternohyoid, anterior border of sternonucleomastoid |
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|
Term
| what is posterolateral to the thyroid gland lobes |
|
Definition
| carotid sheath and its contents |
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|
Term
| what is medial to the thyroid gland lobes |
|
Definition
| larynx, pharynx, esophagus, external laryngeal nerve, recurrent laryngeal nerve |
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|
Term
| what is on the poster border of the thyroid gland lobes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is anterior to the isthmus of the thyroid gland |
|
Definition
| sternothyroid, sternohyoid, anterior juggular vein |
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|
Term
| what is posterior to the isthmus of the thyroid gland |
|
Definition
| 2nd and 3rd tracheal cartilages |
|
|
Term
| what arteries supply the thyroid gland |
|
Definition
| superior thyroid artery, inferior thyroid artery, thryoid ima |
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|
Term
| what is the lowest artery of the thyroid gland |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| do people usually have a thyroid ima artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the thyroid ima artery originae from |
|
Definition
| bracheocephalic trunk or aortic arch |
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|
Term
| what does the thyroid ima ascend on |
|
Definition
| anterior surface of trachea to ischmus |
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|
Term
| what are the veins of the thyroid gland |
|
Definition
| superior and middle thyroid, inferior thyroid |
|
|
Term
| what is the inferior thyroid vein between |
|
Definition
| trachea and manubrium of sternum |
|
|
Term
| what does the inferior thyroid vein drain into |
|
Definition
| brachiocephlic veins, sometimes right and left form a common trunk and drain into left brachiocephalc |
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|
Term
| what are the parathyroid glands located between |
|
Definition
| posterior aspect of lobes of thyroid and fascial sheath |
|
|
Term
| what are the superior parathyroid glands lined up with |
|
Definition
| lower border of cricoid cartilage |
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|
Term
| what are the inferior parathyroid glands lined up with |
|
Definition
| near inferior pole of lobes of thryoid gland, sometimes below the level of the thyroid gland, even in superior mediastium by thymus |
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|
Term
| which parathyroid set is more variable in position |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the parathyroid glands secrete |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does parathyroid hormone do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what arteries supply the parathyroid |
|
Definition
| superior and inferior thyroid |
|
|
Term
| what veins supply the parathyroid |
|
Definition
| parathyroid veins that drain into the thyroid venous plexus |
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