Term
|
Definition
Extend hip, stifle and hock - caudal part flexes stifle
Sciatic nerve
Distal caudal femoral artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extend hip, flex stifle, extend hock Sciatic nerve Distal caudal femoral artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extend hip, femur part extends stifle, tibia part flexes or extends stifle
Sciatic nerve
Distal caudal femoral, middle caudal femoral and medial circumflex femoral arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cranial part - flex hip, extend stifle
Caudal part - flex hip, flex stifle
Femoral nerve
Superficial circumflex iliac & iliolumbar arteries
**NOTE - not divided into cranial and caudal parts in the cat** |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extend stifle, flex hip Femoral nerve Lateral circumflex femoral artery (vastus medialis is deep branch of medial circumflex femoral) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flex hip
Femoral nerve & ventral branches of lumbar nerve
Iliolumbar artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tense lateral femoral fascia, flex hip, extend stifle
Cranial gluteal nerve
Iliolumbar, lateral circumflex femoral and superficial circumflex iliac arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Adduct limb, flex stifle, extend hip and hock
Obturator nerve
Proximal caudal femoral artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Adduct limb
Obturator nerve
Proximal caudal femoral artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Adduct limb, extend hip
Obturator nerve
Proximal caudal femoral, middle caudal femoral, medial circumflex femoral arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extend hip, abduct limb
Caudal gluteal nerve
Caudal gluteal, lateral circumflex femoral artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extend and abduct hip, rotate limb medially
Cranial gluteal nerve
Cranial gluteal, iliolumbar, lateral circumflex femoral arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extend and abduct hip, rotate limb medially
Cranial gluteal nerve
Cranial gluteal artery |
|
|
Term
| Gluteoofemoralis (cat only) |
|
Definition
| Extend and abduct hip, move tail laterally Caudal gluteal nerve Caudal gluteal artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rotate limb laterally
Sciatic nerve
Medial circumflex femoral, caudal gluteal arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rotate limb laterally Sciatic nerve Caudal gluteal artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extend hip and rotate limb laterally
Sciatic nerve
Medial circumflex femoral, caudal gluteal arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rotate limb laterally
Obturator nerve
Medial circumflex femoral, caudal gluteal arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flex tarsus, rotate paw laterally
Common fubular nerve
Cranial tibial artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flex tarsus, extend digits
Common fibular nerve
Cranial tibial artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flex tarsus, rotate paw medially (so plantar surface faces laterally)
Common fibular nerve
Cranial tibial artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extend and abduct digit 5
Common fibular nerve
Cranial tibial artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flex tarsus
Common fibular nerve
Cranial tibial artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extend tarsus, flex stifle
Tibial nerve
Distal caudal femoral artery |
|
|
Term
| Superficial digital flexor |
|
Definition
Flex stifle, extend tarsus, flex first 2 digital joints of all 4 digits
Tibial nerve
Distal caudal femoral artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extend tarsus
Tibial nerve
Distal caudal femoral artery |
|
|
Term
| Deep digital flexor (lateral & medial parts) |
|
Definition
| Extend tarsus, flex digits Tibial nerve Distal caudal femoral artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rotate leg medially
Tibial nerve
Distal caudal femoral artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extend tarsus, rotate paw laterally
Tibial nerve
Caudal tibial artery |
|
|
Term
| Distal caudal femoral artery |
|
Definition
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Gastrocnemius
Superficial digital flexor
Soleus (cat)
Deep digital flexor
Popliteus |
|
|
Term
| Middle caudal femoral artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Medial cricumflex femoral artery |
|
Definition
Semimembranosus
Adductor
Internal obturator
External obturator
Quadratus femoris |
|
|
Term
| Superficial circumflex iliac artery |
|
Definition
Sartorius
Tensor fascia latae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sartorius
Tensor fasciae latae
Middle gluteal
Iliopsoas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Medial head of Deep digital flexor Caudal tibial muscle |
|
|
Term
| Lateral circumflex femoral artery |
|
Definition
| Quadriceps femoris Tensor fasciae latae Superficial gluteal Middle gluteal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gracilis
Pectineus
Adductor |
|
|
Term
| Medial circumflex femoral |
|
Definition
Adductor
Internal obturator
Quadratus femoris
External obturator |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Superficial gluteal Gluteofemoralis (cat) Internal obturator Gemelli Quadratus femoris External obturator |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Middle gluteal
Deep gluteal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cranial tibial muscle
Long digital extensor
Fibularis longus
Lateral digital extensor
Fibularis brevis |
|
|
Term
| Biceps femoris attachments |
|
Definition
Sacrotuberus ligament and ischiatic tuberosity of ischium (cat has no sacrotuberus ligament)
Fascia lata --> patella --> patellar ligament --> cranial tibial |
|
|
Term
| Semitendinosus attachments |
|
Definition
Ischiatic tuberosity
Proximo-cranial border of tibia |
|
|
Term
| Semimembranosus attachments |
|
Definition
Ischiatic tuberosity
Distal medial lip of caudal surface of femur |
|
|
Term
| Sartorius cranial part attachments |
|
Definition
Crest of ilium & thoracolumbar fascia
Patella |
|
|
Term
| Sartorius caudal part attachments |
|
Definition
Cranial ventral iliac spine & ventral border of ilium
Cranial border of tibia |
|
|
Term
| Rectus femoris (quadriceps) attachments |
|
Definition
Tuberosity for rectus femoris
Tibial tuberosity |
|
|
Term
| Lateral head of quadriceps (vastus lateralis)attachments |
|
Definition
Proximal lateral lip of femur
Tibial tuberosity |
|
|
Term
| Medial head of quadriceps (vastus medialis)attachments |
|
Definition
Proximal lateral femur
Tibial tuberosity |
|
|
Term
| Vastus intermedius attachments |
|
Definition
Proximal medial lip of femur
Tibial tuberosity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Last thoracic & 1st lumbar vertebrae
Lesser trochanter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lumbar vertebrae
Lesser trochanter |
|
|
Term
| Tensor fasciae latae attachments |
|
Definition
Tuber coxae and adjacent ilium + aponeurosis of middle gluteal m.
Lateral femoral fascia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Symphysial tendon
Cranial tibial, tuber calcanei |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Iliopubic eminence and pubic tubercle
Distal end of medial lip of caudal rough face of femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Entire pelvic symphysis, ischiatic arch, ventral pubis/ischium
Entire lateral lip of caudal rough face of femur |
|
|
Term
| Superficial gluteal attachments |
|
Definition
Lateral border of sacrum and 1st caudal vertebra
Third trochanter |
|
|
Term
| Middle gluteal & piriformis attachments |
|
Definition
Crest and glutal surface of ilium
Greater trochanter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Body of ilium, ischiatic spine
Cranial greater trochanter |
|
|
Term
| Caudofemoralis (cat only) attachments |
|
Definition
Caudal vertebrae 2-4
Fascia lata |
|
|
Term
| Internal obturator attachments |
|
Definition
Pelvic symphysis and dorsal ischium/pubis
Trochanteric fossa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lateral ischium
Trochanteric fossa |
|
|
Term
| Quadratus femoris attachments |
|
Definition
Ventral surface of caudal ischium
Intertrochanteric crest |
|
|
Term
| External obturator attachments |
|
Definition
Ventral pubis/ischium
Trochanteric fossa |
|
|
Term
| Cranial tibial attachments |
|
Definition
Extensor groove of tibia
Plantar surface of base of metatarsals 1 & 2 |
|
|
Term
| Long digital extensor attachments |
|
Definition
Extensor fossa of femur
Extensor process of distal phalanges 2-5 |
|
|
Term
| Fibularis longus attachments |
|
Definition
Lateral condyle of tibia
4th tarsal bone |
|
|
Term
| Lateral digital extensor attachments |
|
Definition
Proximal 3rd of fibula
Proximal phalanx of digit 5 |
|
|
Term
| Fibularis brevis attachments |
|
Definition
Lateral surface of distal 2/3 of fibula and tibia
Proximal end of 5th metatarsal |
|
|
Term
| Gastrocnemius attachments |
|
Definition
Medial and lateral supracondylar tuberosities of femur
Proximal dorsal tuber calcanei |
|
|
Term
| Superficial digital flexor attachments |
|
Definition
Lateral supracondylar tuberosity of femur
Tuber calcanei |
|
|
Term
| Soleus (cat only) attachments |
|
Definition
Head of fibula
Common calcaneon tendon |
|
|
Term
| Deep digital flexor attachments |
|
Definition
Caudal aspect of proximal 2/3 of tibia, proximal 1/2 of fibula, interosseous membrane
Flexor tubercles on plantar surface of distal phalanges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lateral epicondyle of femur
Proximal third of caudal tibia |
|
|
Term
| Caudal tibial attachments |
|
Definition
Medial proximal fibula
Medial ligamentous masses of tarsus |
|
|
Term
| Cat differences - PE trunk |
|
Definition
| Not usually present, caudal epigastric and external pudendal arise from deep femoral |
|
|
Term
| Cat differences - superficial circumflex iliac a. |
|
Definition
| Usually arises from lateral circumflex femoral a. |
|
|
Term
| Cat differences - sacrotuberous ligament |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cat differences - caudal tibial m. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cat differences - muscles a dog doesn't have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cat differences - muscle that isn't divided |
|
Definition
| Sartorius (cranial & caudal in dog) |
|
|
Term
| Cat differences - pelvis shape |
|
Definition
| Box-shaped in cats (in dogs, ilium is flared) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Aorta --> external iliac --> femoral --> popliteal --> cranial tibial --> dorsal pedal |
|
|
Term
| Saphenous vein to use for blood draw |
|
Definition
Dog - lateral
Cat - medial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Main channel blood flow to pes |
|
Definition
| Same as cat forepaw: Dorsal pedal --> DMTA II --> perforates to plantar surface via proximal perforating branch II --> deep plantar arch --> plantar metatarsal aa II - IV --> axial/abaxial plantar proper digital aa. |
|
|
Term
| Common fibular nerve test site |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plantar surface of digits |
|
|
Term
| Saphenous nerve test site |
|
Definition
| Medial thigh and tibial areas |
|
|
Term
| Lymph nodes in pelvic limb |
|
Definition
Popliteal
Superficial inguinal
Ischiatic (cat only) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Primary center of ossification (1st site of mineralization to cartilagenous model, usually at center of long bone) --> secondary centers of ossification (later sites of mineralization, epiphysis, apophysis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Major "cap" on articular end of long bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Where shaft flares out towards physis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Other bony processes with secondary ossification centers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Skull, vertebrae, ribs and sternum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 main components of vertebrae |
|
Definition
| Body, arch (lamina & pedicle) and processes (dorsal/spinous, transverse, cranial/caudal articular) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Atlas
Broad lateral processes (wings of atlas)
Atlanto-occipital joint = yes joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Axis
Dens
Large spinous (dorsal) process
Atlantoaxial joint = no joint |
|
|
Term
| Cervical vertebrae (C3-7) |
|
Definition
Transverse processes large
Transverse foramina (vertebral a, v & n)
C6 has sled runners (ventral laminae) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Short bodies
Long spinous processes
Fovea for rib articulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Long transverse process that project cranially |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hemal arches protect vessels (ventral side) |
|
|
Term
| Vertebral ligaments (nuchal) |
|
Definition
Nuchal - C1 to T2, continues on to dorsal aspect of spinous prcoess but then called:
Supraspinous |
|
|
Term
| Vertebral ligaments (yellow and longitudinal) |
|
Definition
Yellow - between arches of each vertebrae
Longitudinal - dorsal & ventral |
|
|
Term
| Vertebral ligaments (intercapital) |
|
Definition
| Crosses over between each rib on either side in thoracic region (reason why we rarely see disc disease here) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bony portions of rib connects to sternum via |
|
Definition
Cartilagenous portion
Ostochondral junction (bone-cartilage junction) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Iliocostalis, longissiumus (capitus, cervicis, thoracis, lumborum), biventer cervicis + complexus (semispinalis capitus), spinalis et semispinalis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Longus captius Longus colli
Scalenius
Serratus ventralis
Serratus dorsalis cranialis & caudalis |
|
|
Term
Semispinalis capitis (biventer cervicis + complexus)
AND
Spinalis et Semispinalis |
|
Definition
Extensors of vertebral column and produce lateral movements of neck
Dorsal branches of cervical spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
| Longissimus system (capitis, cervicis, thoracis et lumborum) |
|
Definition
| Extensors of vertebral column and also produce lateral movements of neck and trunk Dorsal branches of cervical spinal nerves for capitis & cervicis Dorsal branches of thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves for thoracis |
|
|
Term
| Iliocostalis system (thoracis, lumborum) |
|
Definition
Extensors of vertebral column and also produce lateral movements of trunk
Dorsal branches of thoracic spinal nerves (thoracis) & lumbar (lumborum) spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extensor of vertebral column and also produce lateral movements of neck
Dorsal branches of spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flex atlanto-occipital join and flex neck
Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Flex neck (vertebral column) Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Muscle of inspiration, draws neck downward
Ventral branches of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
| Serratus dorsalis cranialis |
|
Definition
Lift ribs for inspiration
Ventral branches of thoracic spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
| Serratus dorsalis caudalis |
|
Definition
Draws ribs caudally for expiration
Ventral branches of thoracic spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
| What is important about C6? |
|
Definition
| Has sled runners (ventral laminae) |
|
|
Term
| What is important about T11? |
|
Definition
| Anticlinal vertebrae (spinous process stands straight up instead of slated backwards) |
|
|
Term
| What is important about L7? |
|
Definition
| Site for epidural (lumbosacral space) |
|
|
Term
| Flex atlanto-occipital joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Flex vertebral column of neck |
|
Definition
| Longus capitus and longus colli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Serratus dorsalis cranialis |
|
|
Term
| Draws last 3 ribs caudally for expiration |
|
Definition
| Serratus dorsalis caudalis |
|
|
Term
| Extend the vertebral column |
|
Definition
| Epaxial muscles (iliocostalis system, longissimus system, semispinalis capitus, spinalis et semispinalis) |
|
|
Term
| Produce lateral movements of trunk ONLY |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Produce lateral movements of trunk and neck |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Produce lateral movements of neck |
|
Definition
Spinalis et semispinalis
Semispinalis capitus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Middle gluteal
Deep gluteal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Internal obturator
External obturator
Gemelli
Quadratus femoris |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Adductor
Gracilis
Superficial gluteal
Middle gluteal
Deep gluteal
Quadratus femoris |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
Iliopsoas
Tensor fasciae latae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gracilis
Pectineus
Adductor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Superficial gluteal Middle gluteal Deep gluteal Gluteofemoralis (cat only) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biceps femoris
Semimembranosus (femur part)
Cranial sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
Tensor fascia latae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biceps femoris (caudal part)
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus (tibial part)
Sartorius - caudal part
Gracilis
Gastrocnemius
Superficial digital flexor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cranial tibial
Long digital extensor
Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Semitendinosus
Gracilis
Superficial digital flexor
Lateral digital flexor
Medial digital flexor
Caudal tibial
Gastrocnemius
Biceps femoris
Soleus (cat only) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Long digital extensor
Lateral digital extensor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Superficial digital flexor - first 2 digital joints of each digit
Deep digital flexor (medial & lateral parts) |
|
|
Term
| Rotate paw (pes) laterally |
|
Definition
Caudal tibial
Cranial tibial |
|
|
Term
| Rotate paw (pes) medially |
|
Definition
| Fibularis longus Popliteus |
|
|
