Term
| A person could maintain a normal life after removal of all of their major lymphatic organs. |
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Definition
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Term
| Calcitrol is the active form vitamin C in the human body. |
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Definition
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Term
| Calcitrol works with PTH to raise Sodium in bloodstream. |
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Definition
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Term
| Trauma is alive in our DNA |
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Definition
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Term
| Respiration is a voluntary action. |
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Definition
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Term
| Heartbeat, blood pressure and vomiting are voluntary actions. |
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Definition
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Term
| Only the kidneys can rid the body of acids generated by cellular metabolism. |
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Definition
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Term
| All chemical reactions in the body occur at a 7.40 pH. |
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Definition
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Term
| pH changes in the extracellular fluid profoundly affect the cardiac and neurological functions. |
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Definition
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Term
| An acid is a substance that combines with a H+ by pulling from solution. |
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Definition
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Term
| A base is a substance that dissociates into H+ and an anion in a chemical reaction. |
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Definition
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Term
| Parents have the right to deny any procedure recommended by a medical professional at any time, standard operating or otherwise. |
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Definition
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Term
| What two systems does the immune system rely on for transport of cells and proteins? |
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Definition
Circulatory and lymphatic
Circulatory and reproductive
Reproductive and respiratory
Lymphatic and nervous |
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Term
| What is considered the first line of defense in the immune system? |
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Definition
Mechanical, chemical and biological barriers
Normal bioflora and enzymes
Inflammation and fever
B-cells and T-cells |
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Term
| What does not describe "normal" bioflora? |
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Definition
Isn't really a necessary component of our overall health
Beneficial microbe living on the skin and in our bodies
Provides non-specific protection against pathogens
Aid in digestion and absorption of food |
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Term
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Definition
Ingesting and destroying pathogens and foreign material.
Ingesting T or B lymphocytes
Ingesting dirt on fingernails
Ingesting organ meat |
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Term
| Macrophages can be found in the: |
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Definition
Blood and lymph
Joints, liver and Epidermis
Not in:
Lungs, Spleen and Brain
Wrong: all answers are correct |
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Term
| Second line of defense does not include |
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Definition
T or B lymphocytes
Phagocytosis
Fever and inflammation
Protective proteins and Natural killer cells |
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Term
| Interferon and complement proteins are found in : |
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Definition
Second line of defense
The First line of defense
The Third line of defense
In recognizing self from non-self |
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Term
|
Definition
Recognize stressed cells in the absence of antibodies and MHC
Differentiate and mature in the bone marrow only
provide slow responses to infected cells
Do not play a role in the innate and adaptive immune response |
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Term
| The third line of defense does not: |
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Definition
Send chemical messengers to stimulate the hypothalamus to raise body temperature
Involve the activation of the specific or acquired immune system
Have T helper cells to recognize the foreign antigen
Mediate specific immune responses by B or T lymphocytes |
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Term
| Autoimmune disorders occur because: |
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Definition
Lymphocytes that are able to react with self-antigens are not destroyed
B-lympocytes are produced in excessive amounts
T-lymphocytes are not produced in large enough amounts |
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Term
|
Definition
Recycled blood plasma
REd and white blood cells
A delicate combination of antibodies and protein catabolism
Our body's primary way of balancing pH through buffers |
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Term
| Most sex-linked traits are carried on: |
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Definition
The X chromosome and expressed in a male child.
The X chromosomes and expressed in a female child
The Y chromosome and expressed in the female child
The Y chromosome and expressed in the male child |
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Term
| In respiration, during the exchange of gases, the molecules diffuse: |
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Definition
From high to low concentration.
Completely into the white blood cells
From low to hig concentrations
Only happens during ATP |
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Term
| Of the following, which is not a step in respiration? |
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Definition
Interpleural pressure
Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood
Ventilation
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide |
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Term
|
Definition
Surface active lipoprotein fromed by alveolar cells
protein that is created very late in gestation right before labor to aid in the start of breath
Comprised of a hydrophobic and hydrophilic region
All above are correct |
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Term
| The two factors that prevent the lungs from collapsing: |
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Definition
Surfactant and interpleural pressure
The exchange of O2 and CO2
Surfactant and probiotics
Interpleural pressure and Boyl's law |
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Term
| The organ in the body has a rich supply of lymphatic capillaries and vessels except; |
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Definition
The CNS
the skin
the gut
the bronchial |
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Term
| Thymus comes from the Greek word Thumos; what does not fit? |
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Definition
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Term
| People with autoimmune disease or exposure to new pathogens develop: |
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Definition
Thymic Hyperplasia
Thymic atrophy
Thymic Hypoplasia |
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Term
| Which of the following is not a first line of defense in the buffering system? |
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Definition
Sodium
Phosphate
Protein
Bicarbonate |
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Term
| All pairs of chromosomes, except the last pair, are called: |
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Definition
Autosomes
Deceptosomes
Nuetrasomes
Chromatids |
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Term
| In healthy, normal gestation, humans have: |
|
Definition
23 pairs of chromosomes
21 pairs of chromosomes
22 pairs of chromosomes
24 pairs of chromosomes |
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Term
| DNA is tightly wound into: |
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Definition
Chromosomes found in the nucleus of non-sex cells
Chromosomes found in the nucleus of sex cells
Mitochrondria in the cells |
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Term
| Elastic recoil of the lungs is explained as: |
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Definition
The difffusion of gases from a high concentration to a low concentration
Inhalation and exhalation
Surface tension of the lungs itself
The diffusion of gases from a low concentration to a high concentration |
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Term
| Which of the following is not part of the sinuses? |
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Definition
medulla
Ethmoidal
Maxillary
Frontal
Sphenoidal |
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Term
| The respiratory organs are responsible for: |
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Definition
Taking in O2 and expelling CO2
Taking in sodium and expelling potassium
Taking in O2 and expelling O2
Taking in potassium and expelling sodium |
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Term
| The respiratory buffer allows: |
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Definition
CO2 to enter red blood cells and is converted to bicarbonate for transport to plasma
O2 to enter red blood cells and is converted to bicarbonate for transport to plasma
O2 to enter red blood cells and is converted to H+ and an anion for transport to plasma
CO2 to enter red blood cells and is converted to H+ and an anion for transport to plasma |
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Term
| The purpose of the renal system does not: |
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Definition
Take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide
regulate blood volume and pressure
Regulate blood pH
Control levels of electrolytes and metabolites |
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Term
| The cells in the kidneys surrounding the tubules selectively absorb water and: |
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Definition
Sodium
Carbon
Potassium
Oxygen |
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Term
| Stones and spurs are usually an indication that certain minerals are out of balance |
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Definition
Calcium and Sodium
Calcium and Phosphorous
Calcium and Chlorine
Calcium and Iron |
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Term
| Which of the following does Not describe Aldosterone? |
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Definition
Stimulates production of red blood cells
It reabsorbs sodium
Salt retaining hormone
Causes secretion of potassium |
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Term
| Erythropoietin stimulates the production of: |
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Definition
Red blood cells
Lymph fluid
White blood cells
Plasma |
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Term
| The Parathormone (PTH) is: |
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Definition
Secreted by parathyroid glands, increases calcium and decreases phosphates in blood
Secreted by parathyroid glands, decreases calcium and increades phosphates in blood
Secreted by the thyroid gland, increases calcium and decreases phosphates in blood
Secreted by the thyroid gland, decreases calcium and increases phosphates in blood |
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Term
| When mice with polycystic kidney disease consume excessive amounts of: |
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Definition
Water, it decreases levels of asopressin reducing PKD
Milk, it decreases levels of vasopressin reducing in PKD
magnesium Sulfate solution, it decreases levels of vasopressin reducing PKD
Sodium Chloride solution, it decreases levels of vasopressin reducing PKD |
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Term
| Kidneys maintain the homeostasis of several important conditions by controlling: |
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Definition
the excretion of substances out of the body
The thirst center
the hunger center
the Sa/AV node pulse |
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Term
| The two main fluid compartments of the body are: |
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Definition
Intracellular w/ 2/3 - Extracellular w 1/3
Intracellular w/1/4 - extracellular w/3/4
Intracellular w/1/6 - extracellular w 5/6
Intracellular w 1/2 - extracellular w/ 1/2 |
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Term
| The study of changes in the organisms caused by the modification of gene expression is: |
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Definition
Epigenetics
Genetics
Heredity
Biology |
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Term
| What two minerals are necessary for the union of sperm and egg? |
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Definition
Calcium and Iron
Calcium and Sodium
Calcium an Magnesium
Calcium and Iodine |
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Term
| Which mineral is needed for implantation to occur and sustain? |
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Definition
Sulfur
Sodium
Phosphorous
Chlorine |
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Term
| There is theoretically one mineral and one vitamin necessary for avoiding mid-line anomalies; |
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Definition
Zinc and Vitamin B9
Sodium and Vit D
Calcium and Vit C
Chlorine and Vit A |
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Term
| The Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)is: |
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Definition
Causes reabsorption of sodium and secretion of potassium.
Secreted by the adrenal glands and stimulates water elimination
Secreted by posterior pituitary and stimulates BP to rise
Stimulates production of Red Blood cells |
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Term
| When the adeniods and tonsils are removed, what is taken standard for removal? |
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Definition
Pharyngeal
Palatine
Not: Tubual or Lingual |
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Term
| Examples of the first line of defense might include which of the following? |
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Definition
Genitourinary, gastrointestinal and commensal flora
Saliva, tears, breastmilk
Skin, coughing, and sneezing
ALL of above are right |
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Term
| Select the true statement(s) |
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Definition
T1 helper activates the cell-mediated response with the intracellular invader
T2 helper activates the humoral response with the extracellular invader
Not: T2 helper activates the cell-mediate response with the intracellular invader
T1 helper activates the humoral response with the extracellular invader |
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Term
| The humoral immune response: |
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Definition
Works with extracellular pathogens
Works with B cells
Not: works with T cells
or Works with intracellular pathogens |
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Term
|
Definition
Buffers
Kidney function
Respirations
Not: Brain Function |
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Term
| Why are high amounts of varying proteins beneficial for pregnant women? |
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Definition
It eleminates toxemia, edema, and low birth-weight
It provides all the essential building blocks for a healthy baby
It helps support growing breast, blood volume and placentl development
Not: High amounts are consider 40-50 gram |
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Term
| As blood flows through the glomerulus, the following are waste products: |
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Definition
Potassium
Glucose
Creatinine
Not: Fluorine |
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Term
| If a child presents with a middle ear infection, what is not a potential remedy: |
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Definition
Hawthorn Berry
Not:
CBG
Melrose OIl
Garlic Mullein oil |
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Term
There are 5 classes of antibodies, and they serve a specific function; please match the antibody to its function:
Igm
IgG
IgA
IgE
IgD |
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Definition
Igm Makes A & B antibodies
IgG Effective against bacteria, virus, toxins
IgA Found in secretions of exocrine glands
IgE Used for hypersensitivity and allergies
IgD Less than 1% of antibodies, uncertain |
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Term
Match info to name:
Dr Pottinger
Rudolph Virchow
Antoine Bechamp
Tom Brewer |
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Definition
Pottingers Cats
Virchow Germs seek their natural habitat, diseased tissue, rather than causing diseased tissue
Bechamp Terrian is everything, maintain a healthy system
Brewer - studied 11 yrs nutrition in gestation |
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Term
| Three flora typically categorized as pathogenic, but are normally found on or in our bodies: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| During respiration, 98% of the oxygen is transported by |
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Definition
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Term
| The urinary system is also known as: |
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Definition
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Term
| The right lung has ___ lobes, and the left has ___ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The sex of the child is determined by the final pair of chromosomes. Male is represented by ___. Female is representaed by ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the charge of a cation: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the charge of a anion |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The body reaches alkalosis at what point in pH? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The body reaches acidosis at what point pH? |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why might a vet. choose not to vaccinate a farm animal until it is weaned from the mother? |
|
Definition
| immunogloblins from milk may interfere with vaccine |
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Term
| What three infantile issues are connected to the Hep B vaccine, administered 1 hr after birth? |
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Definition
| cradle cap, eczema, colic, yeast |
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Term
| List two immune-suppressants: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The lymph is moved by two pathways |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| stores red blood cells and recycles them |
|
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Term
| Give 3 examples of how water can leave the body: |
|
Definition
| bowels, digestion, respiration |
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Term
| Medical professionals tell us that the atrophy of the thymus happens at puberty due to: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between Edema and Dehydration? |
|
Definition
Edema is local
Dehydration is systemic |
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Term
| The kidney can be divided into two distinct regions: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Give an example of a molecule; i.e. two elements that commonly combine: |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Myelination takes place during weeks 17-20 in gestation; list two potential recommended medical procedures that could negatively affect a growing fetus during this time. |
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Definition
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