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Anatomy II
Nite 2nd yr
65
Anatomy
Not Applicable
11/08/2018

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Cards

Term
Cardiac output equals heart rate times stroke volume
Definition
True
Term
Both circulatory shock and heart failure can be caused by excessive parasympathetic nerve stimulation
Definition
False
Term
After 40, the muscle fibers that are not used and exercised tend to become smaller and weaker, gradually being replaced by adipose or fat cells
Definition
True
Term
The heart is composed of
Definition
Cardiac muscle and connective tissue
Term
The heart beats an average of
Definition
72 Beats per minute
Term
The human heart is composed of three layers
Definition
PeriCardium myocardium and endocardium
Term
What protects and anchors the heart to the diaphragm
Definition
Fibrous pericardium
Term
The path that the blood flows from the left heart throughout the body is referred to as the
Definition
Systemic circulation
Term
The human embryonic heart begins beating at
Definition
22 days after conception
Term
Where does the blood that nourishes the heart come from
Definition
Coronary artery
Term
The SA node does which of the following
Definition
Generates electrical impulses sends impulses rapidly through the walls of the atria
sets the rate at which the heart beats
all of the above
Term
When the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated this occurs
Definition
Relaxation and Vagal discharge is increased
Term
When is the sympathetic nervous system stimulated
Definition
Physical activity, fight or flight, coffee, anxiety or panic attack
Term
What aren’t blood vessels responsible for
Definition
Regulating cholesterol
Term
What are the most abundant cells in the body
Definition
Red blood cells
Term
What does the body require for hemoglobin synthesis
Definition
B 12, B9, iron
Term
Blood performs many important functions what do they not perform
Definition
Regulation of the parasympathetic/sympathetic nervous system
Term
Where are the blood cells made
Definition
In the bone marrow
Term
What are antigens
Definition
Chemical markers, typically proteins found on our cells
Term
What are antibodies
Definition
Immune cells set to tag and destroy foreign invaders
Term
Who is responsible for the information behind the blood type diet
Definition
Dr. D’Adamo
Term
Nervous tissue is composed of two types of cells they are
Definition
Neuroglia and neurons
Term
The primary source of energy for the brain is
Definition
Glucose
Term
This is often referred to as emotional brain
Definition
The limbic system
Term
Which of the following is not a major function of the spinal cord
Definition
A Conduit for sensory information which travels down the spinal cord
Term
The brainstem plays an important role in the regulation of all the following except
Definition
All 12 pairs of cranial nerves (because there’s only 10 pairs of these )
Term
One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to
Definition
Link the nervous system to the endocrine system
Term
The four divisions of the brain are
Definition
Cerebrum, Diencephalon, brainstem and cerebellum
Term
Which neurotransmitter is used in the neuromuscular junction
Definition
Acetylcholine
Term
ATP is (check all that apply)
Definition
-Energy that is created by breaking down food
-it is composed of three parts
-when energy is needed bonds of the ATP split releasing high amounts energy
Term
There are three types of muscle
Definition
Skeletal, smooth and cardiac
Term
Which of the following is not a function of epithelial tissue
Definition
Provides insulation to the Axon
Term
Which of the following is not a tissue
Definition
Skeletal
Term
The integumentary System has a variety of functions; which does not belong
Definition
Serve as a reservoir for energy
Term
Why is the myelin sheath important
Definition
It provides insulation to the Axon allowing electrical signals to act more efficiently
Term
What are the four divisions of the cerebrum
Definition
Occipital, parietal, frontal, temporal
Term
When we test for balanced brain chemistry which neurotransmitters do a test for
Definition
GABA, serotonin, acetylcholine, and dopamine
Term
Four types of bones include
Definition
Short, long, flat, irregular
Term
A nerve impulse is caused by an inward flow of
Definition
Sodium ion
Term
What destroys myelin sheath
Definition
Heavy metals, vaccines, Toxins
Term
Two types of cells are responsible for continuous phone shaping
Definition
OsteoBlasts and osteoclasts
Term
What is the blood pressure numbers mean
Definition
Systolic is a high number when the ventricles contract
diastolic is the lowest number when the ventricles relax
Term
What is activated in order to encourage a resting state in the electrochemical gradient in which neurotransmitters travel
Definition
Potassium channels
Term
What are two easy heart remedies proven to benefit the cardiovascular system
Definition
Hawthorne berry and vitamin E
Term
Heart valves include these two and these two
Definition
Atrioventricular and semi lunar
Term
Name three types of blood vessels and explain what they do
Definition
Veins to heart
arteries away from heart and to the body
and capillaries connect the arterioles and venules
Term
Vernix has much potential; what might it be able to do for a fetus?list two things
Definition
Provide moisture and antibacterial
Term
Olfactory
Definition
Olfaction - smell
Term
Optic
Definition
Vision
Term
Oculomotor
Definition
Eyelid and eyeball muscles
Term
Trochlear
Definition
Eyeball muscles
Term
Trigeminal
Definition
Sensory: facial and mouth sensation
motor: chewing
Term
Abducens
Definition
Eyeball movement
Term
Facial
Definition
Sensory: taste
motor: facial muscles and Salivary glands
Term
Auditory
Definition
Hearing and balance
Term
Glossopharyngeal
Definition
Sensory: taste; motor: swallowing
Term
Vagus
Definition
Main nerve of parasympathetic nervous system PNS
Term
Accessory
Definition
Swallowing; moving head and shoulder
Term
Hypoglossal
Definition
Tongue muscle
Term
Chemoreceptors
Definition
Detect chemical stimuli
Term
Photoreceptors
Definition
Convert light into membrane potential
Term
Mechanoreceptors
Definition
Respond to mechanical forces like pressure
Term
Thermoreceptors
Definition
Respond to temperature
Term
Nociceptors
Definition
Respond to damaging stimuli; pain receptors
Term
Proprioception
Definition
Sense of self
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