Term
| is a strong stimulant of uterine contraction |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Oxytocin is regulated by a ___________ |
|
Definition
| positive feedback mechanism |
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Term
helps to avoid dehydration or water overload
Prevents urine formation |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The largest endocrine gland |
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Definition
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Term
| Other endocrine cells, the parafollicular cells, produce the hormone __________. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the body’s major metabolic hormone |
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Definition
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|
Term
| T3 is ten times more active than __ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Calcitonin targets the skeleton, where it: |
|
Definition
- Inhibits osteoclasts
-Stimulates calcium uptake and incorporation into the bone matrix |
|
|
Term
| Regulated by a humoral negative feedback mechanism |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| PTH release increases Ca2+ in the blood as it: |
|
Definition
Stimulates Osteoclasts
Enhances the reabsorption of Ca2+ and the secretion of phosphate by the kidneys
Increases absorption |
|
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Term
| paired, pyramid-shaped organs atop the kidneys |
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Definition
|
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Term
| glandular tissue derived from embryonic mesoderm |
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Definition
|
|
Term
most important mineralocorticoid
Maintains Na+ balance by reducing excretion of sodium from the body
Stimulates reabsorption of Na+ by the kidneys |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Four Mechanisms of Aldosterone Secretion |
|
Definition
Renin-angiotensin mechanism
Plasma concentration of sodium and potassium
ACTH
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) |
|
|
Term
| inhibits activity of the zona glomerulosa |
|
Definition
| Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) |
|
|
Term
Help the body resist stress by:
Keeping blood sugar levels relatively constant
Maintaining blood volume and preventing water shift into tissue |
|
Definition
| Glucocorticoids (Cortisol) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gluconeogenesis (formation of glucose from noncarbohydrates)
Rises in blood glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids |
|
|
Term
| Excessive Levels of Glucocorticoids |
|
Definition
Inhibit inflammation
Depress the immune system |
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Term
| Made up of chromaffin cells that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine |
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Definition
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|
Term
| A triangular gland, which has both exocrine and endocrine cells, located behind the stomach (retro peritoneal) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| cells produce an enzyme-rich juice used for digestion (exocrine product) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The islets contain two major cell types: |
|
Definition
Alpha () cells that produce glucagon
Beta () cells that produce insulin |
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|
Term
A 29-amino-acid polypeptide hormone that is a potent hyperglycemic agent.
Its major target is liver. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Glucagon targets liver, where it promotes:
-
-
- |
|
Definition
Glycogenolysis
Gluconeogenesis
Release of glucose to the blood from liver cells |
|
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Term
| – the breakdown of glycogen to glucose |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| synthesis of glucose from lactic acid and noncarbohydrates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A 51-amino-acid protein consisting of two amino acid chains linked by disulfide bonds |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Enhances into body cells transport of glucose (tq) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ALLOWS GLUCOSE TO ENTER CELL |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive insulin secretion, resulting in hypoglycemia |
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|
Term
| Paired ovaries in the abdominopelvic cavity produce |
|
Definition
| estrogens and progesterone |
|
|
Term
| These hormones are essential for the development of the T lymphocytes (T cells) of the immune system |
|
Definition
| thymopoietins and thymosins |
|
|
Term
| produces atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), which reduces blood pressure, blood volume, and blood sodium concentration |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| enteroendocrine cells release local-acting digestive hormones |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| releases hormones that influence the course of pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secrete erythropoietin, which signals the production of red blood cells |
|
|
Term
| produces(?) cholecalciferol, the precursor of vitamin D |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| releases leptin, which is involved in the sensation of satiety, and stimulates increased energy expenditure |
|
Definition
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