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Anatomy Head, Neck, Spine, and Thorax
Athletic Training Exam Review
19
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
12/31/2015

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Term
Levator Scapulae
Definition
• Origin: transverse processes of C1–C4 vertebrae
• Insertion: vertebral border of scapula
• Action: neck extension, lateral flexion; scapular
elevation
• Innervation: dorsal scapular
• Arterial supply: dorsal scapular
Term
Middle Scalene
Definition
• Origin: transverse processes of C2–C7 vertebrae
• Insertion: first rib
• Action: neck flexion, lateral flexion, contralateral
rotation; rib elevation
• Innervation: ventral rami of C3–C8
• Arterial supply: cervical, inferior thyroid
Term
Posterior Scalene
Definition
Origin: transverse processes of C5–C7 vertebrae
• Insertion: second rib
• Action: neck flexion, lateral flexion, contralateral
rotation; rib elevation
• Innervation: ventral rami of C6–C8
• Arterial supply: cervical, inferior thyroid
Term
External Intercostals
Definition
• Origin: inferior aspect of ribs 1–12
• Insertion: superior aspect of inferior
ribs 1–12
• Action: rib elevation
• Innervation: intercostals
• Arterial supply: intercostals
Term
Internal Intercostals
Definition
• Origin: superior aspect of ribs 1–12
• Insertion: superior aspect of inferior ribs 1–12
• Action: rib elevation, depression
• Innervation: intercostals
• Arterial supply: intercostals
Term
Multifidus
Definition
• Origin: sacrum, posterior superior iliac spine,
mammillary processes of L1–L5 vertebrae, transverse
processes of T1–T12, articular processes of C4–C7
vertebrae
• Insertion: spinous processes of 2–4 vertebrae superior
to origin
• Action: spinal extension, lateral flexion, contralateral
rotation; pelvic anterior tilt
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: lumbar
Term
Rotatores
Definition
• Origin: transverse processes of C1–L5
• Insertion: spinous processes of superior vertebrae
• Action: spinal extension, contralateral rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: posterior intercostal, lumbar
Term
Longissimus Capitis
Definition
• Origin: articular processes of C5–C7 vertebrae,
transverse processes of T1–T5 vertebrae
• Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone
• Action: neck extension, lateral flexion, rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
Term
Longissimus Cervicis
Definition
• Origin: transverse processes of T1–T5 vertebrae
• Insertion: transverse processes of C2–C6 vertebrae
• Action: spinal extension, lateral flexion, rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
Term
Longissimus Thoracis
Definition
• Origin: sacrum, iliac crests, transverse processes of
L1–L5
• Insertion: transverse processes of T1–T12 vertebrae,
ribs 3–12
• Action: spinal extension, lateral flexion, rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
Term
Spinalis Capitis
Definition
• Origin: spinous processes of C4–T7 vertebrae
• Insertion: between superior nuchal line and inferior
nuchal line of occipital bone
• Action: neck extension, lateral flexion, rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
Term
Spinalis Cervicis
Definition
• Origin: ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7
vertebra
• Insertion: spinous process of C2 vertebra
• Action: spinal extension, lateral flexion, rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
Term
Spinalis Thoracis
Definition
• Origin: spinous processes of
T11–L2 vertebrae
• Insertion: spinous processes of
T1–T8 vertebrae
• Action: spinal extension, lateral flexion, rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
Term
Semispinalis Capitis
Definition
• Origin: spinous processes of C4–T7 vertebrae
• Insertion: between superior nuchal line and inferior
nuchal line of occipital bone
• Action: neck extension, lateral flexion, contralateral
rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
Term
Semispinalis Cervicis
Definition
• Origin: transverse processes of T1–T6 vertebrae
• Insertion: spinous processes of C2–C5 vertebrae
• Action: spinal extension, lateral flexion, contralateral
rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
Term
Semispinalis Thoracis
Definition
• Origin: transverse processes of T6–T10 vertebrae
• Insertion: spinous processes of C6–T4 vertebrae
• Action: spinal extension, lateral flexion, contralateral
rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
Term
Iliocostalis Cervicis
Definition
• Origin: ribs 3–6
• Insertion: transverse processes of C4–C6 vertebrae
• Action: neck extension, lateral flexion, rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
Term
Iliocostalis Thoracis
Definition
• Origin: ribs 7–12
• Insertion: ribs 1–6, transverse process of C7 vertebra
• Action: spinal extension, lateral flexion, rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
Term
Iliocostalis Lumborum
Definition
• Origin: sacrum, iliac crest
•Insertion:ribs7–12
• Action: spinal extension, lateral flexion, rotation
• Innervation: spinals
• Arterial supply: aortic branches
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