Term
| What compartment does the thigh (femoral) region not have? |
|
Definition
Lateral
It has a anterior, medial, and posterior |
|
|
Term
| What compartment does the leg (crural) region not have? |
|
Definition
Medial
It has a anterior, posterior, and lateral |
|
|
Term
| Joints of the pelvic girdle |
|
Definition
1) Pubic symphysis
2) Sacrum+ each hip bone= sacro-iliac joints
3) Sacrum+ L5= Lumbosacral joint |
|
|
Term
| What is the greater sciatic foramen a passageway for? |
|
Definition
| Structures entering or leaving the PELVIS |
|
|
Term
| What is the lesser sciatic foramen for? |
|
Definition
| Structures entering or leaving the PERINEUM |
|
|
Term
| When do the 3 hip bones fuse the triradiate cartilage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What inserts on the ASIS and AIIS? |
|
Definition
ASIS- Sartorius
AIIS- Rectus Femoris |
|
|
Term
| Diffuse pain in lateral thigh especially during stair climbing or rising from seated position. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Point tenderness over greater trochanter and pain radiates down IT band |
|
Definition
| Tear of gluteus medius or trochanteric bursitis |
|
|
Term
| Results from excessive friction between ischial bursae and the ischial tuberosities such as from cycling |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complications from bursitis in people with impaired sensation |
|
Definition
| Pressure sores or decubitus ulcers |
|
|
Term
| What comes from the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle? |
|
Definition
| Superior gluteal nerve, artery, and vein |
|
|
Term
| What comes from the lower sciatic foramen? |
|
Definition
Obturator internus tendon
Pudendal nerve
Internal pudendal vessels |
|
|
Term
| What comes from the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis muscle? |
|
Definition
Sciatic nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve, artery, and vein
Pudendal nerve
Internal pudendal artery and vein
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
N. to obturatus internus
N. to quadratus femoris |
|
|
Term
| branches of Superior gluteal nerve which comes out from ABOVE the piriformis muscle |
|
Definition
Superficial- gluteus maximus; anastomoses with inferior gluteal artery
Deep- glueteus medius+minimus+ TFL |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Comes out from greater sciatic nerve BELOW piriformis to supply gluteus maximus and deep muscles |
|
|
Term
| Medial femoral circumflex |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ascending branch of first perforating artery |
|
Definition
| Froom deep artery of thigh |
|
|
Term
| Lateral femoral circumflex artery |
|
Definition
| Gives off ascending branch that anastomoses with the superior gluteal artery |
|
|
Term
| Ideal site for intramuscular injections |
|
Definition
| Upper lateral quadrant of gluteal region |
|
|
Term
| How to damage sciatic nerve and paralyze posterior thigh muscles & all muscles below knee |
|
Definition
| inject the lower medial quadrant of gluteal region |
|
|
Term
| How to damage superior gluteal nerve and paralyze gluteal muscles |
|
Definition
| inject upper medial quadrant |
|
|
Term
| What quadrant is the hip joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insertion of semitendinosus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insertion of semimembranosus |
|
Definition
| Posterior part of medial condyle |
|
|
Term
| Action of semitendinosus unilaterally |
|
Definition
| Flexes & medially rotates leg at knee joint |
|
|
Term
| Origin of biceps femoris short head |
|
Definition
| linea aspera & lateral supracondylar line of femur |
|
|
Term
| Hamstrings+hamstring part of adductor magnus action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hamstrings - hamstring part of adductor magnus action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What forms pes anserinus? |
|
Definition
| Semitendinosus, gracilis, and Sartorius. Pes anserinus bursitis may occur due to overuse of medial knee compartment |
|
|
Term
| What's in the popliteal fossa? |
|
Definition
Popliteal artery and vein
Small saphenous vein
Tibial and common fibular branches of sciatic nerve
Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
Popliteal lymph nodes and vessels
Fat |
|
|
Term
| If the femoral artery has to be ligated, where does blood bypass? |
|
Definition
| Through genicular anastomosis in which it then reaches the popliteal artery |
|
|
Term
| When does the popliteal vein become femoral vein? |
|
Definition
| When it transverses adductor hiatus |
|
|
Term
| What's in the popliteal fossa? |
|
Definition
Popliteal artery and vein
Small saphenous vein
Tibial and common fibular branches of sciatic nerve
Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
Popliteal lymph nodes and vessels
Fat |
|
|
Term
| If the femoral artery has to be ligated, where does blood bypass? |
|
Definition
| Through genicular anastomosis in which it then reaches the popliteal artery |
|
|
Term
| When does the popliteal vein become femoral vein? |
|
Definition
| When it transverses adductor hiatus |
|
|
Term
| What is the most superficial structure of the popliteal fossa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Branches of the sciatic nerve |
|
Definition
Tibial- bisects the fossa; supplies triceps surae, plantaris, and popliteus
Tibial also gives off medial sural cutaneous |
|
|
Term
| What nerve can be injured at the neck of the fibula? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Branches of common fibular nerve |
|
Definition
| Superficial and deep fibular nerves |
|
|
Term
| What does the lateral sural cutaneous nerve supply? |
|
Definition
| Lateral aspect of the leg |
|
|
Term
| What does the sural nerve supply? |
|
Definition
| Skin on the posterior and lateral aspect of leg and lateral side of foot |
|
|
Term
| What forms the hip joint (ball and socket)? |
|
Definition
| Head of femur + Acetabulum |
|
|
Term
| What covers the head of the femur? |
|
Definition
| Hyaline cartilage and the fovea capitis femoris |
|
|
Term
| What is the fovea capitis femoris for? |
|
Definition
| Ligament of the head of the femur (ligamentum capitis femoris) |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the ligament of the head of the femur? |
|
Definition
| Carries artery to the head of the femur; this artery is a branch of the obturator artery (important in children) |
|
|
Term
| What deepens the acetablum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does the iliofemoral ligament run from? |
|
Definition
| Anterior inferior iliac spine (rectus femoris) and acetabular rim to the intertrochanteric line; prevents HYPEREXTENSION |
|
|
Term
| Where does the pubofemoral ligament run from? |
|
Definition
| Obturator crest to the iliofemoral ligament; limits excess extension and abduction |
|
|
Term
| What seperates the iliofemoral ligament and pubofemoral ligament? |
|
Definition
| Iliopsoas muscle and bursa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ischial part of the acetabular rim to the neck of the femur medial to greater trochanter; prevents hyperextension |
|
|
Term
| Most hip dislocations are |
|
Definition
| Posterior- because all three hip ligaments relax during flexion and adduction of thigh |
|
|
Term
| three ligaments of the hip |
|
Definition
Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral |
|
|
Term
| Dislocation of the hip joint |
|
Definition
| Can fx. acetabulum, damage SCIATIC NERVE, and cause femoral head avascular necrosis |
|
|
Term
| 5 things that limit movement in the hip joint |
|
Definition
1) Soft tissue apposition
2) Joint capsule
3) 3 ligaments
4) IT Band
5) Antagonist muscles |
|
|
Term
| What is the main blood supply to the hip joint? |
|
Definition
| Medial femoral circumflex artery from the deep artery of the the thigh |
|
|
Term
| What is secondary blood supply to the hip joint? |
|
Definition
| Lateral femoral circumflex atery and retinacular branches |
|
|
Term
| In children, what is the main blood supply to the hip joint? |
|
Definition
| Artery to the head of the femur |
|
|
Term
| Fx. and hip dislocation can cause |
|
Definition
| avascular necrosis of the head of the femur and interrupt blood supply; tearing of the femoral circumflex arteries and retinacular branches can also happen |
|
|
Term
| What does the cruciate anastomosis bypass? |
|
Definition
| Obstruction of external iliac or femoral artery |
|
|
Term
| Total hip replacement contraindiciations |
|
Definition
| Internal rotation because it can cause hip dislocation |
|
|
Term
| What does osteoarthritis usually affect? |
|
Definition
| Articular cartilages of the hip joint due to mechanical wear and tear |
|
|
Term
| Nerve supply to the hip joint |
|
Definition
Anteriorly- femoral
Inferiorly - Obturator
Superiorly- Superior gluteal nerve
Posteriorly- N. to quadratus femoris |
|
|
Term
| Why is hip pain often referred to the knee? |
|
Definition
| Because articular branches of the femoral and obturator nerves innervate both the hip and knee joints |
|
|
Term
| Where may pain from the vertebral column or SI joints be referred to? |
|
Definition
|
|
