Term
| Major Functions of the Integumentary System |
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Definition
Protection against mechanical injury and entrance of microorganisms.
Temperature regulation.
Relays information concerning the environment to the CNS. |
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Term
| 5 Layers of the Epidermis |
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Definition
Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale |
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Term
| Characteristics of Stratum Corneum |
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Definition
| Dry, tough, keratinized layer (dead cells) |
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Term
| Characteristics of Stratum Lucidum |
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Definition
Clear layer
Only found in palms of hands and soles of feet |
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Term
| Characteristics of Stratum Granulosum |
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Definition
| Flat layer of cells (granulated keratin) |
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Term
| Characteristics of Stratum Spinosum |
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Definition
| Round/Cuboidal cells which contain fibers of keratin. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Stratum Basale |
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Definition
Mitosis layer.
Melanocytes located here |
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Term
| Papillary Layer of Dermis |
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Definition
Contains dermal papillae responsible for fingerprints and toeprints.
Contain touch receptors (Meissner's corpuscles) and capillary loops. |
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Term
| Reticular Layer of Dermis |
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Definition
| Contains irregular dense CT (stretchy tissue) and all of the accessory structures (nerve endings, hair follicles, etc.) |
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Term
| Subcutaneous Layer (Hypodermis) |
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Definition
| Located under the dermis and contains adipose tissue and large blood vessels which makes it a major blood supply and a source of insulation |
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Term
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Definition
Produce melanin.
Everyone has same #, but genetics controls how much melanin is produced. |
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Term
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Definition
Located inside the hair follicle.
Cells divide by mitosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Keratinized, above the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
Bundle of smooth muscle tissue running from the superficial dermis to the hair follicle.
Causes piloerections (goosebumps) which contract in a response to a decrease in body temperature or stress/emotions. |
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Term
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Definition
White-ish region of nail located at the base of the nail plate.
Mitosis layer |
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Term
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Definition
Attached to hair follicles and located only in axillary and inguinal regions.
Not active until puberty.
Become active in response to an increase in body temp and emotions.
Scent-producing. |
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Term
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Definition
Respond to elevated body temp associated with environmental heat and physical exercise.
Found primarily on neck, back and forehead. |
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Term
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Definition
Increase in blood vessel diameter.
Increase in blood flow to skin's surface, releasing heat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Water evaporating carries heat away from body. |
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Term
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Definition
Decrease in blood vessel diameter.
Decrease in blood flow to skin's surface. |
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Term
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Definition
| Involuntary contractions of small muscles which generate heat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells responsible for wound healing. |
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Term
| Superficial Partial Thickness Burn |
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Definition
1st Degree Burn
Affects only the 1st layer of epidermis. |
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Term
| Deep Partial Thickness Burn |
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Definition
2nd Degree Burn
Affects both the epidermis and dermis. |
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Term
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Definition
3rd Degree Burn
Affects the epidermis, dermis, and all accessory structures.
First layer of skin heals first. |
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Term
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Definition
Produce sebum (oil) which makes hair soft and waterproofs skin.
One located on each side of hair follicle. |
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Term
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Definition
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Fat cells which store energy as fat |
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Term
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Definition
| Found in healthy cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Found only in cardiac muscle and support synchronized contractions of cardiac tissue. |
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Term
| Motor Neuron and Neurological Cell |
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Definition
Activates muscle cells.
Transmit messages from the brain through the spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
White fibers made of collagen.
Strong but NOT elastic. |
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Term
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Definition
Made of elastin.
Thin and flexible. |
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Term
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Definition
Made of collagen and elastin.
Thin, dark, strong fibers. |
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Term
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Definition
Cause inflammation.
Secrete histamine(causes swelling) and heparin(increases blood flow). |
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Term
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Definition
| White blood cells responsible for phagocytosis. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue |
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Definition
Avascular.
Lines all internal and external surfaces.
Tightly packed cells with little intercellular matrix.
Unlimited power of regeneration (mitosis).
Has free surface and a basement membrane. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Connective Tissue |
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Definition
Fewer cells and more extracellular matrix.
Highly vascular except cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.
Most types have fibers in matrix.
Most are able to regenerate. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Muscle Tissue |
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Definition
Cells are called fibers because they're elongated.
Muscle fibers are contractile(cells have ability to change shape and become shorter and thicker). |
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Term
| Characteristics of Nervous Tissue |
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Definition
Sensory Reception.
Conduction of nerve impulses. |
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