Term
sternoclavicular joint
-formed by |
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Definition
Is formed between the sternal end of the clavicle laterally and the manubrium and first costal cartilage medially
-contains an articular disc |
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Term
| the only point of bony union between the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton |
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Definition
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Term
| ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint |
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Definition
-Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments
-Interclavicular ligament(superior)
-costoclavicular (anchors the sternal end of the clavicle to the first rib and costal cartilage) |
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Term
| Movements of the clavicle at the SC joint |
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Definition
-Elevation
-Depression
-Protraction (anterior movement)
-Retraction (posterior movement)
-Rotation around the long axis of the clavicle |
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Term
| if the sternoclavicular joint dislocates posteriorly... |
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Definition
| - compress the trachea, esophagus, or large blood vessels of the root of the neck |
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Term
acromioclavicular joint
-formed by
-relationship between clavicle & acromion |
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Definition
-the lateral end of the clavicle and medial margin of the acromion
-plane synovial joint, the clavicle tends to override the acromion |
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Term
| acromioclavicular joint depends on WHAT for added stability and strength? |
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Definition
-strengthened superiorly by the acromioclavicular ligament
-stability from the coracoclavicular ligament (conoid and trapezoid) |
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Term
glenohumeral joint
-formed by |
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Definition
| head of the humerus and glenoid cavity of the scapula (deepened by the gelnoid labrum) |
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Term
| glenohumeral joint reinforced by |
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Definition
-Superiorly the coracohumeral ligament
-Anteriorly the glenohumeral ligaments
-Across the intertubercular groove: the transverse humeral ligament |
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Term
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Definition
-superior GH ligament
middle GH ligament
-inferior GH ligament |
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Term
stabilizer of the inferior part of the GH joint
-when does it come into play? |
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Definition
inferior GH ligament
-stabilizes the joint when the arm is abducted |
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Term
coracoacromial arch
-formed by
-protects against? |
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Definition
-formed above the glenohumeral joint by the acromion and coracoacromial ligament
-Protects against superior dislocation of the head of the humerus |
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Term
| tendons that reinforce the glenohumeral joint |
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Definition
rotator cuff
-subscapularis
-supraspinatus
-infraspinatus
-teres minor |
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Term
synovial membrane of the shoulder joint
-extension?
-what does it communicate with? |
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Definition
-extension: synovial sheath for the long head of the biceps brachii
-communicates anteriorly with subscapular bursa
-normally does NOT communicate superiorly with the subacromial bursa |
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Term
| common position of the arm in glenohumeral joint dislocation |
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Definition
in most unstable configuration
-arm abducted, extended, and laterally rotated |
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Term
anterior dislocation of the glenouhmeral joint
what is at risk? |
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Definition
brachial plexus
-axillary nerve may be injured |
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Term
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Definition
-trochlea of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna (humeroulnar joint)
-capitulum of the humerus and the head of the radius (humeroradial joint) |
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Term
| carrying angle of the elbow |
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Definition
≈5-15°, greater in women
-between the long axis of the humerus and that of the ulna |
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Term
| ligaments supporting the elbow joint |
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Definition
-ulnar collateral ligament
-radial collateral ligament (blends with...)
-anular ligament of the radius
- |
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Term
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Definition
produce olecranon bursitis
-inflammation of the Subcutaneous olecranon bursa |
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Term
Avulsion of the medial epicondyle
-how?
-what other structures can be injured? |
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Definition
| from severe abduction of the extended elbow; the ulnar nerve is frequently injured |
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Term
typical direction of an elbow dislocation
-other structures at risk |
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Definition
posterior
-neurovascular injuries may result (e.g., to the brachial artery or median nerve) |
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Term
proximal radioulnar joint
-type of movement
-describe mechanism |
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Definition
-pivot type of synovial joint
-the head of the radius rotates against the radial notch of the ulna inside the anular ligament of the radius during pronation and supination of the forearm |
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Term
| anular ligament of the radius |
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Definition
| encircles the head of the radius, plugging in to the anterior and posterior surface of the radial notch |
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Term
dislocation of the radial head
-how it happens to children |
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Definition
| the child is suddenly lifted by the hand with the forearm pronated (nursemaid’s elbow) |
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Term
distal radioulnar joint
-movement and articulating structures |
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Definition
-pivot type of synovial joint
-ulnar notch of the radius rotates around the head of the ulna in pronation and supination of the forearm |
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Term
distal radioulnar joint
-supporting structures |
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Definition
-fibrocartilaginous articular disc (triangular ligament)
-binds the ends of the ulna and radius together |
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Term
wrist joint
-AKA
-formed by (exclusions?) |
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Definition
radiocarpal
-the distal end of the radius and the triangular ligament proximally
-the proximal row of carpal bones distally (excluding the pisiform bone |
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Term
articular capsule
-supporting ligaments |
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Definition
-Medially by the ulnar collateral ligament
-Laterally by the radial collateral ligament
-Ventrally and dorsally by radiocarpal ligaments |
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Term
midcarpal joint
-formed by |
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Definition
| formed between the proximal and distal rows of carpal bones |
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Term
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Definition
synovial cyst
fluid filled mass in the wrist that may compress nerves and/or blood vessels |
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Term
carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
-formed by |
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Definition
| formed between the trapezium and base of the first metacarpal |
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Term
carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
-type of joint
-movements |
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Definition
saddle joint
-Permits flexion-extension, abduction-
adduction, circumduction, and the axial rotation necessary for opposition |
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Term
carpometacarpal joint of the fifth finger
-action
-involvement of other joints |
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Definition
-Flexes and rotates slightly during tight grasp
-the fourth CM joint moves slightly to assist |
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Term
metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints
-formed by |
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Definition
| knuckles between the heads of the metacarpal bones and bases of the proximal phalanges |
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Term
metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints
-supporting ligaments |
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Definition
| strengthened medially and laterally by collateral ligaments |
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Term
metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints
-movements |
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Definition
| flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, and circumduction |
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Term
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Definition
| ulnar collateral ligament of the first metacarpophalangeal joint ruptures |
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Term
proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints
-movements |
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Definition
| Are hinge joints that allow only flexion and extension movements |
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Term
| supporting structures of the proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints |
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Definition
| strengthened on the medial and lateral sides by collateral ligaments |
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Term
mallet finger
-aka
-mechanism of injury
-resultant disability |
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Definition
-aka baseball finger
-sudden forced hyperflexion of distal phalanx ruptures the long extensor tendon
- resultant inability to extend the DIP joint |
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