Term
|
Definition
Structures
to cut apart or discet
physical things |
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Term
|
Definition
Function
how the parts work together |
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Term
| 2 main sections of Anatomy |
|
Definition
Gross/Macroscopic
Microscopic |
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Term
| Definition of Gross/Macroscopic Anatomy |
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Definition
| what you can see with the naked eye |
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Term
| Who cared about anatomy first and second? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Hipprocretes- diseases are real
Plato- set up academy of athens where the following studied
Aristole- did live Vinisections
Galen- studied pigs and monkey and his text was used up until the 1600 |
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Term
|
Definition
| things you need help to see, microscope |
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Term
|
Definition
invented in 1600
possibly by Galileo
By using this you can see tissues, cells and organelles
no radiation |
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Term
| Scanning electron microscope |
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Definition
aka SEM
invented from 1930-1960
enabled cytology and histology
no radiation |
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Term
| Transmission Electron microscope |
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Definition
aka TEM
invented from 1930-1960
enabled cytology and histology |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Study of tissues (included cytology) |
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Term
|
Definition
emits radiation
used first in 1895
pass through air and H2O and reflected by dense tissue (ex. bones)
air=black bones=white
can see organ and organ system |
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Term
|
Definition
aka CT or CAT
Radiation
takes many X-Rays to make a 3-D image
1970's
can see organ and organ system |
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Term
|
Definition
1920's
No Radiation
uses sound waves |
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Term
| Magnetic Residence Imagine |
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Definition
aka MRI
No Radiation
used a super strong magnet to form the image
1977
causes hydrogen to release engery and show different from the different H2O content
*only HYDROGEN matters*
can see organ, organ system, and molecular |
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Term
| Positron Emission Tomography |
|
Definition
aka PET Scan
1950-1960's
Radiation
radio active tag a molecule, then as the molecule is used it emits radio active substance
ex. glucose being used in the brain/muscles/cancer cells
can see organ, organ system, and molecular |
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|
Term
Level of Organization
(small to largest) |
|
Definition
Atom
Molecule
Organelles
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ System
Organism |
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Term
| Tissues, Cells, Organelles can be seen with |
|
Definition
Light Microscope, SEM, TEM
microscopic anatomy |
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Term
| Organism, Organs, Tissues, Organ Systems, can be seen with? |
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Definition
| without any help. the naked eye |
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Term
X-Rays can see
and do they use Radiation? |
|
Definition
Organ System and Organ
Yes |
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|
Term
CT Scan and Ultrasound can see what?
and do both, one, or neither use radiation? |
|
Definition
Organ System and Organ
CT- Yes
Ultrasound-No |
|
|
Term
MRI can see what?
and does it use radiation? |
|
Definition
Organ and Organ System and Molecular
No |
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|
Term
PET Scan can see what?
radiation? yes or no? |
|
Definition
Can see Organ/Organ System and Molecular
Yes |
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Term
| Anything smaller then ____ needs microscope or help |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What year was the first X-Ray taken and by who? |
|
Definition
| 1895 and by Wilhelm Rontgen |
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Term
|
Definition
Cuts into Left and Right, does not mean that it's in the middle.
Creates a Side View
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
direct middle into Left and Right
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
cuts horizontal (a magiction box cut)
Creates a Cross Section View
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
Cuts front to back
Creates a Coronal View
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Anatomical back and Anatomical belly |
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Term
|
Definition
| midline and then away from said midline |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| structures on the same side |
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Term
|
Definition
| structures on opposite sides |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| close to point of attachment and farther away from point of attachment |
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Term
| The 2 overall body cavities? |
|
Definition
Dorsal Body Cavity
Ventral Cavity |
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Term
| Dorsal Body Cavity contains? |
|
Definition
Cranial Cavity
Spinal Cavity |
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Term
|
Definition
Thoracic Cavity
Abdomniopelvic Cavity |
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Term
| Abdomniopelvic Cavity contains? |
|
Definition
| Abdominal Cavity which is superior and the Pelvic Cavity which is inferior, they are divided by the imaginary line from the sacrum to the pubis |
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Term
|
Definition
| is an organ made of 2 or more tissues that usually lines a surface |
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Term
|
Definition
lines surfaces that Do Not open to the outside. Each Cavity in the body has 2 types of Membrane
Visceral Serosa and Parietal Serosa |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thoratic Cavity contains what membranes? |
|
Definition
Visceral Pleura which covers the surface of the lungs
Parietal Pleura- covers the “walls” of the theoretic cavity |
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|
Term
| Pericardial Cavity contains what membranes? |
|
Definition
Visceral Pericardium which covers the heart
Parietal Pericardium lines the pericardial cavity, the heart sac |
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Term
| Abdomniopelvic Cavity contains what membrane? |
|
Definition
Visceral Perotineum which lines the abdomiopelvis organs
Parietal Perotineam- lines the abdominopelvic cavity walls |
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Term
| What are the abdominal quadrants? |
|
Definition
Right Upper Quadrant
Left Upper Quadrant
Right Lower Quadrant
Left Lower Quadrant |
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|
Term
| What are the abdomiopelvic regions? |
|
Definition
Right Hypochondriac
Epigastric Region
Left Hypochondriac
Right Lumber Region
Umbilical Region
Left Lumber Region
Right Iliac Region
Hypogastric Region
Left Iliac Region |
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Term
|
Definition
| is the basic structural and functional unit of the body |
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Term
| Name the basic structure of all cells |
|
Definition
Plasma Membrane
Cytoplasm/ Cytoskeleton
Organelles |
|
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Term
| Skeletal Muscle Cells are specialized how? |
|
Definition
| they are cylindrical, multi nucleated and long |
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Term
| Neuron are specialized how? |
|
Definition
| weird shape, has a dendrite, cell body, axon |
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|
Term
| Sperm Cell are specialized how? |
|
Definition
| have a flagellated so they can “swim” |
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Term
| Plasma Membrane 3 general characteristics |
|
Definition
-Separates inside of cell from the outside
-Controls what goes in and out of the cell
-Very thing (5-10 nm thick) you can see this with an Electron microscope |
|
|
Term
| Plasma Membrane is made off and %? |
|
Definition
-Protein complexes = 50% of the membrane
-Lipid Rafts = 20% of the cell membrane, outer membrane dynamic assemble of saturated phospholipids
-Picket Fences- formed by the cytoskeleton
-Glycolipids = 5% of cell membrane
-Cholesterol = 20% of cell membrane, structural support and has hydrophilic and hydrophobic ends |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Integral Plasma Membrane Protein
-Transportation because they only let in/out certain substances
-Receptors they bind substances to receptor proteins causing change inside of cell
-Cell Identity-signatures on cell that gives it specific identity by using glycoproteins. This happens so immune cells will not attack them
- Enzymes
-They allow cell to cell contact through 3 different ways |
|
|
Term
| 3 different types of Cell to Cell contact |
|
Definition
Tight Junctions
Gap Junctions
Demonstrates |
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Term
|
Definition
| IPMP crosses 2 cell membranes prevent substances from transporting across cell (example line the digestive tract) |
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Term
|
Definition
| creates a channel through 2 cells which allows cell to cell communication |
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Term
|
Definition
| tight junctions with microfilaments for reinforcement found in cells with great mechanical stress such as skin and hear muscle |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Peripheral Plasma Membrane Protein
Transportation- they are “taxies”, they bind to substances and take them in and out of cells
b. Receptores (same as IPMP)
c. Enzymes (same as IPMP)
d. Cell Identity (IPMP) |
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Term
|
Definition
| made of microtubules (large hallow tubes) intermediate filaments (rope like) and microfilaments (like actin). It is responsible for the shape of cell attachment of organelles and movement of substances within the cell. |
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Term
|
Definition
| viscous semitransparent fluid, made of mostly water but also contains proteins and salts/ions and sugars and organelles and inclusions (specific to cell types example lipid droplets in fat cell) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2 types
a. Smooth with NO ribosomes
b. Rough ibosomes
the function is to make protiens and packaging |
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Term
|
Definition
| protein specialization and packaging |
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Term
|
Definition
| enzymes for breakdown of proteins |
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Term
|
Definition
| synthesis of ATP (energy), it has it’s own DNA that is separate from the nucleus |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| aligning chromosomes during Meiosis/Mitosis |
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Term
|
Definition
| Structural support and movement |
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|
Term
| Cell Resting Potential def and explain |
|
Definition
Also called Electrochemical Equilibrium
The inside of a cell has a negative charge of about -70 mv
- No active process (meaning no energy is used)
- Channels are closed
- Hi protein drives the overall charge
In the Cell Membrane |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| – no ATP is needed and substances move from higher to lower concentration, there are 4 types |
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Term
| 4 types of passive transport |
|
Definition
| Diffusion, Osmosis, Bulk Flow/Filration, Facilitated Diffusion |
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Term
|
Definition
| substances moving from higher to lower concentration due to a concentration gradient |
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Term
|
Definition
Water moving through a semi-permeable from area of lower concentration to area to lower concentration to area of higher concentration.
a. Hydrostatic Pressure- Pressure exerted on membrane
b. Osmotic Pressure- tendency of water to flow into the cell by osmosis
c. Aquaporins - are transmembrane proteins that allow single-file diffusion of water molecules
d. These solutions can be isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotinic or also Isoosmotic, hyperosmotic, or hypoosmotic |
|
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Term
|
Definition
movement from high pressure to low pressure
example glomeruius, bowman;s capsule |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| faster diffusion rate with aid of transport protein |
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Term
|
Definition
| ATP is needed to move substance against concentration gradient, 3 types. |
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Term
| Bulk Transport/Vesicular Transport |
|
Definition
. Endocytosis-bringing substances into the cell
-Phagocytosis – engulfing molecules (eating)
- Pinocytosis – Engulfing water (drinking)
b. exocytosis- removing substances from the ce |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| bringing substances into the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removing substances from the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
uses transport protein to move substances against concentration gradient.
Example Na+/K+ ase pump |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 major types of tissue? |
|
Definition
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous |
|
|
Term
| Main Function of Epithelial Tissue? |
|
Definition
| forms boundaries between different environment protects, secrets, absorbs, and filters |
|
|
Term
| Main function of connective tissue? |
|
Definition
| Suport, protects, binds other tissues together |
|
|
Term
| Main function of muscle tissue? |
|
Definition
| Contracts to cause movement |
|
|
Term
| Main function of nervous tissue? |
|
Definition
| Initiates transmits and interprets impulses that coordinate the body |
|
|
Term
| Epithelial Tissue shapes and arrangement? |
|
Definition
-Shapes are Cubodial, Squamous, Columnar
-Arrangement are Simple, Stratified, and Pseudradified and Transitional |
|
|
Term
| Name the 8 Types of Epithelial Tissue |
|
Definition
1. Simple Squamous
2. Simple Cuboidal
3. Simple Columnar
4. Stratified Squamous
5. Stratified Cuboidal
6. Stratified Columnar
7. Pseudostratified Columnar
8. Transitional |
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|
Term
| Simple Squamous Function and Location? |
|
Definition
• Function - allows materials to pass by diffusion or filtration in sites where protection and filtration is not important. It secrets lubricating substances in serosae. Diffusion and Filration
• Located- in kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, lining of ventral body cavities (serosal) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
• Function- Secretion and absorption; looks like single layer of cube-like cells with spherical central nuclei. Secretion and Absorption
• Located- in kidney tubules, ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
• Function- Absorption, secretion of mucus, enzymes and other substances, eiliated type, propels mucus (or reproductive cells) by ciliary action. Absorption and Secretion
• Location- Non-Ciliated type lines most of the digestive tract (stomach to rectum), gallbladder |
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|
Term
| Pseudostratified Columnar F and L? |
|
Definition
• Function- Secrete substances, particularly mucus, propulsion of mucus by ciliary action. Secretion and Movement of Particles
• Location- Non-Ciliated types in male sperm |
|
|
Term
| Stratified Squamous F and L? |
|
Definition
• Function- protects underlying tissue in areas subjected to abrasion. Protection.
• Location- Non-Keratinized type, moist lining of the mouth and vagina (areas of wear-and-tear) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
• Function- Stretches readily, permits stored urine to distend urinary organ
• Located- Lines uterus, bladder, and part of the urethra |
|
|
Term
| Stratified Cuboidal F and L? |
|
Definition
• Function- Protection.
• Location- Largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands |
|
|
Term
| Stratified Columnar F and L? |
|
Definition
• Function- Protection, secretion. Expansion
• Location- Rare in the body, small amounts in males urethra and in large ducts of some glands |
|
|
Term
| General Characteristics of ALL types of epithelial tissue |
|
Definition
-Cells are packed closely with very little extracellular spaces
-All have specialized cell to cell contact
-. Polarity- have distal and proximal ends. Epithelial Tissue is always attached to connective tissue via a Basement Membrane
- Avasular- no blood supply. That is why Epithelial Tissue is so thin. It has no nutrients and this causes the top layer to die
-High Regeneration Rate- (like zombies) this is because of lack of nutrients so it undergoes mitosis a lot, called Mitogenic |
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|
Term
| The 2 Specialization of Epithelial Tissue |
|
Definition
-Cilia- nasal cavity and oviduct
-microvilli- small intestines |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| produce hormones and secret into bloodsteam via exocytosis |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| secret product onto body surfaces (skin) or into the body cavities |
|
|
Term
| Exocrine Glands Type of Structure? |
|
Definition
1. Unicellular (mucrin glands)-mucus or goblet cells
2. Multicellular -alveolar or tubular 2 types
a. Alveolar- sebaceous, oil glands
b. Tubular- stomach, intestines |
|
|
Term
| Exocrine Glands Divided by Functions? |
|
Definition
-Holocrine- secrets the whole cell, ex. Oil glands
-Apocrine- portion of cell is secreted, ex. Milk Glands
-Mecocrine- secret their product by exocytosis as they are produced, Ex. Sweat glands |
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|
Term
| What are the 3 steps of tissue repair? |
|
Definition
1. Inflammation
2. Organization
3. Regeneration |
|
|
Term
| Tissue repair inflammation steps? |
|
Definition
a. Macrophages, mast cells, and injured tissue cells release inflamaroty chemicals
b. White Blood Cells, plasma fluid, antibodies flow to the area
c. Clotting factors from plasma fluid form a clot and close and seal the would (scab) |
|
|
Term
| Tissue repair Organization steps? |
|
Definition
a. Blood Clot is replaced by granulation tissue
b. Fibroblasts fill the wound and secret collagen
c. Macrophages digest original blood clot |
|
|
Term
| Tissue repair regeneration steps? |
|
Definition
a. Surface epithelium begins to regenerate and grows under the scab eventually replacing it
b. the scar tissue from the fibroblasts remain |
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Term
|
Definition
| replacement of old tissue with the same tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| replacement of old tissue with scar tissue (fibrosis connective tissue) |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 smallest organs? |
|
Definition
- serous membrane
-mucus membrane
-cutaneous membrane
-synovial membrane |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 types of Connective tissue? |
|
Definition
1. Connective tissue proper
2. cartilage
3. bone
4. blood |
|
|
Term
| What are the general characteristics of connective tissue? |
|
Definition
1. Common embryonic tissue- Mesenchyme (proto-CT), all arises from mesenchyme
2. Cells are widely scattered, lots of extracellular space (except with adipose tissue)
3. Matrix that holds cells and structures in place. Matrix can be fluid, gel-like, fibrous, or a combination.
4. Highly vascularized, except in cartilage. Meaning there is blood flow to the tissue |
|
|
Term
| What are the Functions of Connective Tissue? |
|
Definition
1. Binding and support. Example Bone, ligaments, tendons
2. Protections, ex. Bone and Proper Connective Tissue
3. Insulation. Ex. Fat
4. Transportation, ex. Blood |
|
|
Term
| Name the 2 types of Connective Tissue Proper? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 fiber types in LCT? |
|
Definition
1.Collage- thick and white
2. Elastic- yellow and branched3.
Reticular- fragments |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 types of cells in LCT? |
|
Definition
1. Macrophages- immune response
2. Fibroblasts- secrete the fibers until they mature into fibrocytes
3. Mast Cells – inflammatory response
4. Adipocyte- fat cell
5. Leukocytes- aka White Blood Cells, immune response |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 types of LCT? |
|
Definition
1. Areolar- Loose Connective Tissue, it acts like a sponge to soak up fluid during inflammation (AKA edema)
2. Adipose- Loose Connective Tissue, it stores nutrients in 2 types of fat. White Fat and Brown Fat (brown fat is in infants and is mitochondria and is used to heat up the blood, because babies can’t shiver
3. Reticular- Loose Connective Tissue, these fibers support the reticular cells and other cell types |
|
|
Term
| What is the fiber in Dense Connective Tissue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 types of Dense Connective Tissue? |
|
Definition
1. Regular Dense Connective Tissue
2. Irregular Dense Connective Tissue
3. Elastic Dense Connective Tissue |
|
|
Term
| Regular Dense Connective Tissue, types and descriptions? |
|
Definition
fibers are parallel (ropes), there are 3 types.
1. Ligaments- attach bone to bone
2. Tendons- attach muscle to bone
3. Aponeuroses- attach muscle to muscle |
|
|
Term
| Irregular Dense Connective Tissue |
|
Definition
| forms sheaths (capsules) around structures such as organs, joints, and skin |
|
|
Term
| Elastic Dense Connective Tissue |
|
Definition
| predominately elastic fibers for stretching and retracting, such the vocal cords, walls of larger arties and flavum ligaments (connects vertebra bones together) |
|
|
Term
| Cartilage characteristics? |
|
Definition
Matrix is semi-solid and up to 80% water
-Not very vascularized, receives blood from perichondrium which surrounds it
-Cell Types
a. Chondroblasts- they secrete matrix fibers then mature into chondrocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Hyaline- is gristle, most abundant. Fibers are collagen. Located in the nose, larynx, trachea, costal cartilage of ribs, end of long bones
2.Fibrocartilage – shock absorber. Fibers are thick collagen. Located between the vertebrae (the inter-vertebral discs) and knee joints
3.Elastic Cartilage – rubbery and pliable. Fibers are elastic. Located in the ear and epiglottis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 kinds of cell in bones? |
|
Definition
1. Erythrocytes
2. leukocytes
3. thrombocyte |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| – AKA Haversion system, fundamental unit of the compact bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- thin plates
in spongy bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Matrix is plasma and 90% water |
|
|
Term
| The 3 cell types and description of blood? |
|
Definition
Red Blood Cells-AKA erythrocytes, they are enucleated in mammals, carries oxygen and carbon dioxide.
White Blood Cells-AKA leukocytes, nucleated into 5 different types
Platlets-AKA thrombocytes- they are responsible for blood clotting |
|
|
Term
| The 5 types of Leukocytes? |
|
Definition
1. Neutrophils
2. Lymphocyes
3. Monocytes
4. Eosiophils
5. Basophils |
|
|
Term
| name the 3 types of muscle tissue? |
|
Definition
1.Skeletal
2. cardiac
3. smooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
striated (banded) and voluntary
-Multinucleated and little muscle cell to nerve ending ratio
-attached to bone via tendons or other muscles via aponeurous (for movement)
-found alongside the skeleton
- do not have gap junctions because it’s under nervous system control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
striated with intercalated discs, involuntary
uninucleated and all cardiac cells connect to nerve ending
-found in the heart
-occurs in sheets and are connected with intercalated discs, meaning they have gap junctions, this means that happens to one cell happens to all of the myocardium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
unstraited and involuntary
uninucleated and little ratio or all to 1 ratio
-found in the walls of hallow organs (stomach, intestines, uterus)
-can occur as 1 or in sheets, sheets are connected with gap junctions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It initiates, transmits, and coordinates impulses through the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Axonal branches innervale other cell types
and contain glial cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| they support cells for nervous tissue. And DO NOT initiate, transmit, or coordinate impulses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skin and derivatives, skin = organ |
|
|
Term
| 5 Characteristics of the Cutaneous membrane |
|
Definition
It’s the largest organ, 7% of your body weight
-Protection from bacteria, UV rays, and water
-makes vitamin D
-Excretes waste
-million of sensory inputs |
|
|
Term
| Regions of the Integumentary System |
|
Definition
Epidermis- cutaneous membrane
-Dermis-cutaneous membrane
-hypodermis- underlying layer of fat (superficial fascia) |
|
|
Term
| Layers from superficial to deep |
|
Definition
1. Epidermis
2.Dermis
3. Adipose/hyposermis
4. DCT
5. Muscle
6. Bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
. Melanocytes- contains pigment melanin (black, brown, yellow, or red)
- the Stratum basale has 20% of the cells are melanocytes
-Melanocytes (stratum basale) inject melanin into keratinocytes (stratum spinosum)
-Malanin shields for UV and needs sun to make Vitamin D
b. Dendrite Cells- star shaped and immune function
c. Keratinocytes- produce keratin (protein that hardens and protects epidermis)
d. Tachle Cells- Sometimes present at Epidermal (derma) junction, and functions as a sensory receptor for touch |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Layer 1- Statum Basale
-a single row of stem cells that are mitogenic
-the daughter cells are pushed up
-contains melanocytes
Layer 2- Stratum Spinosum
-several layers of keratinocytes attached by desmosomes with melanin granules and dendrite cells
Layer 3- Stratum Granulosum
-4-6 layers of keratin
-ocytes that begin keratinization (cells fill with protein and keratin, flatten and harden)
-Lamellar granules release water resistened glycolipids
Layer 4 Strartum Corneum
-20-30 layers of flattened keratinocytes that give protection from penetration and abrasion
The layer for the Soles of Feet and Hand
Layer 3.5- Stratum Lucidum
This is what gives them their rougher texture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
• Rickets is a caused by a lack of vitamin D and leaves bones weak and fragile
-Vitamin D regulates Calcium and Phosphorous production
-No Sun = No Vitamin D to be produced |
|
|
Term
| Evolutionary Theory of Skin Color |
|
Definition
Homo Sapiens originated in tropics and originally produced greater amounts of melanin, then humans migrated to less sunny places and therefore produced less melanin leading to lighter skin colors
-Every person has the same number of melanocytes that produces variable amounts of melanin and produce more in response to UV sunlight |
|
|
Term
| Name the structures of a hair shaft |
|
Definition
-Cuticle- hardest keratin (overlapping shingles)
-Cortex- hard karatin with injected melanin
-Medulla-large cells and air spaces
-Arrector Pili Muscle- attaches to every hair when contracts stands on end (aka Goosebumps)
-Papilla- part of the dermis, mitogenic in order to grow hair |
|
|
Term
| Name the structures of the nails |
|
Definition
• Nails-specialized epithelial cells originating from the nail root (germinal matrix)
As Nails grow out they become keratinized
• Cuticle- is a layer of tissue that covers the nail root
The visible portion is the nail body
The sterile (nail) matrix is a proximal layer of cells that is responsible for the nail growth
• Lunule-AKA “little moon” is a thicker layer of matrix at the base |
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Term
| Name the 4 glands, their type, and shape |
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Definition
All glands are epidermal dervivatives
1.Sebaceous- oil, Holocrine/Alveolar, Located everywhere except soles and palms
2. Sweat Glands-Meocrine/Tubular. Located everywhere
3. Ceruminous- wax, Holocrine/Alveolar. Located in the ears
4. Mammary- milk. Apocrine/Alveolar. 2 in primates and multiple in most other mammals |
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Term
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Definition
1. Papillary region- 20%, this forms ridges (finger prints)
-highly innervated, meaning it has many nerve endings
-highly vascularized, meaning blood supply
2. Reticular Region- 80%, made of many thick collagen fibers, Dense Connective Tissue and Elastic fibers and Epithelial Tissue
-stretches and returns to shape |
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Term
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Definition
Made of Adipose and Connective Tissue
-NOT a part of the skin
-Attaches to underlying tissue but is flexible enough to allow movement of skin |
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Term
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Definition
• Alopecia- any types of hair loss
-Can be caused by genetics, chemotherapy or cancer treatments, hormonal imbalance infection, sever stress, medications |
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Term
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Definition
• Lesions- a pathologically altered piece of tissue that can include a wound or injury or a single infected patch of skin
A Burrow- a tunnel or streak caused by burrowing organism. Lice, scabies, ticks, mites, fleas, chiggers, bot flies |
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