- Sphenoid (greater wing)

- Zygomatic bone

- Ethmoid

- Lacrimal

- Palatine

- Superior orbital fissure

- Optic foramen

- Inferior obital fissure

Name the orbit structures:

 [image]

1) Frontal bone

2) Ethmoid

3) Lacrimal

4) Palatine

5) Maxilla

6) Zygomatic bone

7) Inferior orbital fissure

8) Sphenoid (greater wing)

9) Superior orbital fissure

10) Optic foramen

What is another name for the eyelid?

Name the structures:

 [image]

Tarsus

1) Upper tarsus

2) Orbital septum

3) Lower tarsus

4) Palpebral fissure

What is chalazion?

What is a stye?

Blockage/inflammation of the tarsal gland

Blockage/inflammation of a sweat gland

Name the lining of the eyes:

 [image]

1) Palpebral conjunctiva

2) bulbar conjunctiva

What are the "pockets" called/created when the eye is open?

What is the sac created/called when the eye is closed?

What are the components?

Superior & inferior fornices

Conjunctival sac

Bulbar & palpebral conjunctiva

What is inflamation of the conjunctiva called?

What conjunctiva does it usually affect?

Conjunctivitis or pinkeye

Palpebral

What 2 muscles are responsible for keeping the eyelid open?

Which is the main muscle responsible for this?

- Levator palpebrae superioris

- Superior tarsal

Levator palpebrae superioris

What nerve is levator palpebrae superioris innervated by?

What type of muscle is it?

CN III

- Striated m

- Extra occular m

What is superior tarsal innervated by?

What type of muscle is it?

Sympathetic NS

- Smooth m

- Helper m

What is drooping of the eyelid called?

What nerve damage does this indicate?

Ptosis

Damage to CN III

Name the structures in the lacrimal apparatus:

[image]

1) Lacrimal gland

2) Lacrimal punctum

3) Lacrimal canaliculus

4) Lacrimal sac

5) Nasolacrimal duct

6) Lacrimal caruncle

7) Plica semilunaris

8) Excrteory ducts

How many layers does the eye have?

Name the structures in the fibrous tunic:

 [image]

1) Cornea

2) Limbus

3) Extraocular m

4) Dura

5) Sclera

1) Iris

2) Constrictor pupillae

3) Dilator pupillae m

4) Ciliary body/muscle

5) Choroid

Name the structures of the 2nd layer of the eye:

 [image]

1) Iris, constrictor pupillae, dilator pupillae

2) Ciliay body & muscle

3) Choroid

- Pigement retina

- Optic retina

- Fovea

Name the structures in the 3rd layer of the eye:

 [image]

1) Optic retina

2) Fovea

Name the structures associated w the optic nerve:

[image]

1) Macula lutea w fovea

2) Optic nerve

3) Subarachnoid space

4) Dura

5) Optic disk

What is the optic disk aka/cause?

What is not present in the optic disk?

Blind spot

Photoreceptors

Name the structures associated with the lens:

 [image]

1) Ciliary body/muscle

2) Suspensory ligaments of zinn

3) Lens

4) Pupil

- Ciliary muscles contract

- Suspensory ligaments relax

- Lens becomes rounder

Name the fluids contained in the eye:

[image]

1) Aqueous humor

2) Vitreous humor

What foramina is this?

What nerve does thru thus?

[image]

Optic foramen/canal

Optic nerve

Name the structures assoicated w the optic canal:

[image]

1) Optic nerve

2) Optic chiasm

4) Optic tract

What foramen is this?

What nerves go thru this? 4

[image]

Superior orbital fissure

1) Oculomotor (3)

2) Trochlear (4)

3) V1 opthalmic division of trigemenal (5)

4) Abducens (6)

What type of innervation does oculomotor provide?

To what muscles? 5

Motor

 1) Levator palpebrae superioris

2) Medial rectus

3) Superior rectus

4) Inferior rectus

5) Inferior oblique

1) Nasocilicary

2) Frontal

3) Lacrimal

Name the structures associated with the ophthalmic division/V1 of trigeminal nerve (5):

 [image]

1) Superior oblique muscle

2) Ophthalmic division of trigemenal (5)

3) Trochlear n

4) Trigeminal ganglion

5) Nasocilicary n

6) Lacrimal n

7) Frontal n

What nerve is this?

[image]

- CN 3

- CN 7

- CN 9

- C iliary (3)

- O tic (9)

- P terygopalatine (7)

- S ubmandibular (7)

Where do preganglionic PS nerves to the eye come from?

Where does it synapse on?

Where are post ganglionic cell bodies to the eye fround?

What nerves do the post ganglionics travel on?

What muscles do the post ganglionics innervate? 2

CN 3: Oculomotor

Ciliary ganglion

Ciliary ganglion

Short ciliary nerves

- Constrictor pupillae

- Ciliary muscles

Name the ganglion and associate structures:

 [image]

1) Short ciliary nerves

2) Ciliary ganglion

3) Oculomotor nerve

Where are preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies found that are destined for the head?

Where do preganglionic sympathetic ganglion synapse?

What structure is preganglionic sympathetic ganglion closely associated with?

Where are post ganglionic sympathetic axons found?

T1-L2 (mostly T1 & T2)

Superior cervical ganglion (C1-C4)

Internal & external carotid a

Internal & external carotid plexus

Postganglionic S to:

- Dilator pupillae m

- Superior tarsal m

- Lacrimal gland

What does the internal carotid a supply?

What does the external carotid a supply?

Brain & eye

Face

Name the muscles of the eye:

 [image]

1) Levator palpebrae superioris m

2) Superior rectus m

3) Lateral rectus m

4) Inferior oblique m

5) Inferior rectus m

6) Medial rectus m

7) Superior oblique m

Where do all the extraoccular mm originate from?

What is the one exception?

Where does that originate from?

Greater wing of the sphenoid

Inferior oblique

Frontal bone

What are 5 of the 7 extraocular mm innervated by?

What 2 muscles are not innervated by the nerve above?

CN 3: occularmotor

- Superior oblique m

- Lateral rectus m

Name the structures in the orbit:

 [image]

1) Superior oblique

2) Trochlea

3) Levator palpebrae superioris

4) Lateral rectus

Name the extraoccular muscles:

 [image]

1) Trochlea

2) Superior rectus

3) Lateral rectus

4) Optic nerve

5) Levator palpebrae superioris

6) Inferior rectus

7) Common tendinous ring

8) Medial rectus

9) Superior oblique

What is the primary position of the eye?

What muscles are used to achieve this result?

Looking straight ahead

All

What is strabismus?

What does it cause?

Divergence of the optic axes

Diplopia/double vision

- Mediolateral axis

- Superoinferior axis

- Anteroposterior axis

What is muscle action?

What is muscle function?

Movement produced by shortening of muscle

Desired effect of muslce

What 2 muscles do not insert at an angel on the eyeball?

What 2 muscles are the only ones that can be recruited by themselves?

- Medial rectus

- Lateral rectus

- Medial rectus

- Lateral rectus

- Elevates

- Adducts

- Intorts

- Superior oblique

-Inferior oblique