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Definition
| interlocking joints that unite all bones of the skull except the mandible |
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Definition
| bony cavities in which the eyes are encased in fatty tissue along with the muscles that move the eyes and lacrimal glands |
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Definition
| forms roof of nasal cavities; holy for smell receptors to pass through brain |
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Definition
| holds the pituitary gland |
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Definition
| form the walls of the nasal cavity; covered with mucus membrane which moistens and warms inspired air; shape of conchae increases turbulence of air flow which encourages trapping of bacteria and dust in mucus and helps warm air |
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Definition
| sutural bones; tiny, irregular bones that appear within sutures, most often in lambdoid; not present in all skulls; represent additional ossification centers that appeared when the skull was expanding during fetal development |
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Definition
| not actually part of the skull; lies inferior to the mandible; only bone in the body that does not articulate directly with any other bone; involved in swallowing and speech |
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Term
| cervical (C1-C7); thoracic (T1-T12); lumbar (L1-L5) |
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Definition
| Know the types of vertebrae |
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Definition
| an elastic ligament that connects the vertebrae of the neck to the skull |
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Definition
| S1-S5; fused vertebrae; posterior wall of pelvis |
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Definition
| four fused vertebrae extending from sacrum; “tailbone”; virtually useless |
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Definition
| lateral curvature of the vertebral column in the thoracic region; treated with braces |
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Definition
| dorsal thoracic curvature; due to osteoporosis or TB |
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Definition
| accentuated lumbar curvature; due to pregnancy or pot-bellied men |
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Definition
| 2 pairs; lack attachment to the sternum |
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Term
| Know the bony processes that form the ankles. |
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Definition
| 7 tarsal bones; talus forms the “ankle” and the calcaneus forms the heel; articulates with tibia and fibula to form “ankle” |
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Term
| Describe the arches of the foot |
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Definition
| 2 longitudinal arches (medial, lateral) + 1 transverse arch; maintained by bones, ligaments, and tendons |
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Definition
| a break in the distal end of the radius; common fracture when a falling person attempts to break his fall with outstretched hands |
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Term
| synarthrosis = immobile; amphiarthrosis = slightly mobile; diarthrosis = freely movable |
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Definition
| Name 3 classes of joints based on the degree of movement allowed by each |
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Definition
| bones connected by a ligament |
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| /plate of hyaline cartilage unites bones |
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Definition
| articular surface of bone covered in hyaline cartilage which is fused to a plate of fibrocartilage; provides strength with flexibility |
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| articulating bones are covered by cartilage and enclosed within an articular capsule lined with a synovial membrane and filled with synovial fluid; most common type of joint; |
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Definition
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| flattened fibrous sacs; lined with synovial membrane; filled with fluid. In synovial joints. |
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Definition
| elongated bursae that wrap completely around a tendon subjected to friction |
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Term
| Most complicated joint the knee. Main ligaments. Two cruciate ligs & two lateral lig. One attacted to femur to fibula. fibular collateral & tibial collateral. Anterior cruciate & posterior cruciate cross. Collateral keep knee stable |
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Definition
| Describe collateral and cruciate ligaments in the knee |
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Term
| made up of 4 tendons and the associated muscles; encircles the shoulder joint; shoulder joint is the most freely movable joint in the body, therefore it is very unstable; rotator cuff can be stretched with vigorous circumduction |
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Definition
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Term
| Briefly describe the ligamentum teres |
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Definition
| ligament at the head of the femur, flat intracapsular band; unclear function; contains artery that supplies the head of the femur |
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Definition
| decreases the angle of the joint; brings articulating bones together |
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Definition
| lifting the foot so that its superior surface approaches the shin |
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Definition
| reverse of flexion; increases the angle between articulating bones |
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Definition
| extension beyond upright position |
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Definition
| depressing the foot and pointing the toes |
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Definition
| movement of a limb away from the midline |
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Definition
| movement of a limb toward the midline |
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Definition
| movement of a limb so that it describes a cone in space |
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Definition
| the turning of a bone around its own axis; medial or lateral |
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Definition
| nonangular anterior movements in a transverse plane |
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Definition
| nonangular posterior movements in a transverse plane |
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Definition
| stretch or tear a ligament |
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Definition
| bones forced out of alignment; sprain, inflammation, joint immobilization |
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Definition
| partial dislocation of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the brusa |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the brusa |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the tendon sheet |
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Definition
| inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the joints; widespread and crippling; bacterial, autoimmune, wear and tear |
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Term
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Definition
| uric acid crystals in the join; uric acid comes from the breakdown of nucleic acids; collects in feet b/c of gravity |
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Term
| Contrast skeletal muscle, smooth muscle & cardiac muscle. |
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Definition
| Skeletal obv striation, under voluntary control. Cardiac light pink really messy looking only found in the heart, involuntary control. Not striated smooth muscle. |
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Definition
| the ability to receive and respond to stimuli |
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Definition
| the ability to shorten forcibly. |
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Definition
| the ability to be stretched and extended |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of a fiber to recoil and resume its resting length after being stretched |
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Definition
| reticular CT around each muscle fiber |
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Definition
| a bundle of muscle fibers |
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Definition
| fibrous CT around each fascicle |
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Definition
| dense CT around the entire muscle, epithelial tissue. |
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Definition
| (contracted skeletal muscle) the movable bone |
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Definition
| the bone that does not move. |
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Definition
| hemoglobin-like protein in muscle fibers; stores oxygen (only found in the muscle) |
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Definition
| the long axes of the fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle; |
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Definition
| parallel muscle with an expanded midsection |
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Term
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Definition
| the fascicles are short and they attach obliquely to a central tendon that runs the length of the muscle; feather-like; uni-, bi-, multi-; ex. quadriceps femoris or extensor digitorum longus |
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Term
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Definition
| “convergent”; broad origin, fascicles converge toward a single tendon of insertion; triangle or fan shaped; ex. pectoralis major |
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Definition
| the fascicles are arranged in concentric rings; sphincters; surround external openings; ex. orbicularis oris |
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Term
| Define & give a function for sphincters. |
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Definition
| Smooth muscle: Circular muscle. Where hallow organs need to close really tightly. Sphincters are Between the bladder & urethra, between the rectum & colon, Esophagus & throat.Define & give a function for sphincters. |
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Term
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Definition
| plasma membrane of a muscle fiber |
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Definition
| cytoplasm of a muscle fiber |
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Definition
| rodlike contractile elements; make up most of muscle fiber volume |
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| smooth ER of muscle fiber; regulates internal Ca levels which are important for muscle contraction |
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Definition
| where the sarcolemma penetrates into the cell interior; helps conduct nerve impulses to the deepest regions of the muscle fiber |
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Definition
| where a nerve terminal contacts a muscle fiber |
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Definition
| at the site of contact of a nerve terminal and muscle fiber; cleft allows a space for the diffusion of acetylcholine from the nerve terminal to be taken up by the sarcolemma |
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| progressive skeletal muscle weakness and death; generally genetic; defect in muscle fiber protein production |
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Definition
| interfere with Ca2+ movement and inhibit muscle contraction; used as anti-epileptics |
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Term
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Definition
| a sustained spasm of a muscle; common causes are fatigue or low electrolytes |
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Definition
| spontaneous contraction of a few of the muscle fibers. |
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Definition
| inflammation of a muscle and its CT; also called fibromyalgia |
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Definition
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Definition
| the protrusion of an organ through its body cavity wall |
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Definition
| a pulled or over-stretched muscle tearing, pain |
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Definition
| reddish-brown urine due to the presence of myoglobin; indicates pathological muscle destruction |
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Definition
| : a muscle metabolism waste product that should be removed by the kidneys; a buildup in the blood indicates kidney dysfunction |
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Definition
| hormones artificially increase muscle mass |
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Definition
| any disease of the muscle |
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Definition
| rest ice compression elvation. Fill in the blank. |
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Definition
| mesoderm cells that differentiate into muscle fibers |
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Definition
| frontalis and occipitalis; raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead horizontally, pulls scalp posteriorly; O: galea aponeurotica and occipital bone; I: skin of eyebrows and root of nose and galea aponeurotica |
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Definition
| smiling muscle; O: zygomatic bone; I: skin/muscle at corner of mouth |
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Definition
| closes lips, purses/protrudes lips, kissing/whistling muscle; O: maxilla and mandible; I: muscle/skin at angles of mouth |
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Definition
| prime mover of jaw closure, elevates mandible; O: zygomatic arch; I: mandible |
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Definition
| protrudes mandible, provides teeth grinding; O: sphenoid, maxilla, palatine; I: mandible, sphenoid |
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Definition
| constrict pharynx during swallowing which propels food esophagus; O: mandible, hyoid; I: pahrynx |
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Definition
| head flexion, neck flexion, rotates head toward shoulder, tilts head to its own side; O: sternum, clavicle; I: mastoid process of temporal bone |
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Definition
| extends or hyperextends head; O: ligamentum nuchae, vertebrae; I: mastoid process of temporal bone occipital bone, vertebrae |
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Definition
| prime mover of back extension; O: iliac crest, ribs, vertebrae; I: ribs, vertebrae, occipital bone |
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Definition
| prime mover of inspiration; O: ribcage, sternum, vertebrae; I: central tendon |
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Definition
| flex or rotates lumbar region of vertebral column, stabilizes pelvis during walking; O: pubic crest and symphysis; I: xiphoid process and ribs |
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Definition
| stabilizes, raises, retracts and rotates scapula; O: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, vertebrae; I: acromion, scapula, clavicle |
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Definition
| “square” the shoulder, stabilize scapula; O: vertebrae; I: scapula |
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Definition
| supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis; reinforced the capsule of the shoulder joint to prevent dislocation; O: scapula; I: humerus |
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Definition
| prime mover of arm flexion, rotates arm medially, adducts arm against resistance; O: clavicle, sternum, ribs; I: humerus |
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Definition
| prime mover of arm flexion, rotates arm medially, adducts arm against resistance; O: clavicle, sternum, ribs; I: humerus |
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Definition
| arm adduction; O: scapula; I: humerus |
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Definition
| prime mover of arm extension, arm adductor; O: vertebrae, iliac crest, scapula; I: humerus |
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Definition
| prime mover of arm abduction; O: trapezius, clavicle, scapula; I: humerus |
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Definition
| flexes elbow joint and supinates forearm; O: scapula, humerus; I: radial tuberosity |
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Definition
| prime mover of forearm extension; O: scapula, humerus; I: ulna |
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Term
| flexor carpi radialis & ulnaris |
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Definition
| powerful wrist flexor, hand abductor and adductor; O: humerus, ulna; I: metacarpals |
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Term
| extensor carpi radialis & ulnaris |
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Definition
| powerful wrist extensor, wrist abductor and adductor; O: humerus, ulna; I: metacarpals |
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Definition
| prime mover of finger extension; O: humerus; I: phalanges |
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Definition
| extends index finger; O: ulna; I: index finger |
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Definition
| part of iliopsoas; prime mover for thigh flexion; O: iliac fossa; I: femur |
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Definition
| part of iliopsoas; prime mover for thigh flexion, important for posture; O: vertebrae; I: femur |
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Definition
| thigh flexion; O: iliac spine; I: tibia |
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Definition
| adducts thigh; O: pubis; I: tibia |
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Term
| pectineus & adductor (longus, magnus, brevus) muscles |
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Definition
| adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh; O: pubis; I:femur |
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Definition
| rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius; extend knee; O: iliac spine, femur; I: patella, tibia |
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Definition
| flexes and abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially; O: iliac crest/spine; I: iliotibial tract |
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Definition
| major extensor of the thigh; O: ilium, sacrum, coccyx; I: femur |
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Definition
| abducts and medially roates thigh; O: ilium; I: femur |
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Term
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Definition
| biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus; prime movers of thigh extension and knee flexion; O: ischium, femur; I: fibula, tibia |
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Definition
| prime mover of dorsiflexion; O: tibia; I: metatarsals |
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Definition
| (fibularis) plantar flexion and foot eversion; O: fibula; I: metatarsals, tarsals |
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Definition
| plantar flexion during knee extension; important in running, walking, dancing; O: femur, tibia, fibula; I: calcaneus |
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Definition
| flexes and rotates leg medially to unlock extended knee; O: femur; I: tibia |
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Definition
| plantar flexion and foot inversion, toe flexion; O: tibia; I: malleolus, phalanges |
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Definition
| prime mover of foot inversion, plantar flexion; O: tibia, fibula; I: malleolus, tarsals, metatarsals |
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Definition
| the “agonist”; the muscle that provides the major force in any movement |
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Definition
| the muscles that oppose or reverse a particular motion |
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Definition
| muscles that help the prime movers by adding extra force or reducing undesirable/unnecessary movements |
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Definition
| synergists that immobilize a bone or muscle’s origin |
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Definition
| is the bone; ridge bar that moves on a fixed point |
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Definition
| is the fixed point (joint) |
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Definition
| provides the force for movement (muscle.) |
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Definition
| is the existence; The weight that is being lifted. (body weight) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| abductor muscles that bring legs together. Pulled muscle of this group. |
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Definition
| non-progressive muscle disorder; multiple joint contractures or limitations in range of movement; congenital |
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Term
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Definition
| benign smooth muscle tumor |
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Term
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Definition
| parasitic disease caused by eating raw or undercooked pork or wild game infected with Trichinella spirallis larvae. Pigs eat raw meat and garbage including infected rats people eat raw or undercooked pig worms mate in intestines larvae burrow into smooth muscle around the intestines and travel elsewhere in the body to burrow into skeletal muscle and eventually the CNS and myocardium death from myocarditis, encephalitis; intestinal effects |
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Term
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Definition
| muscle contusion followed by bleeding into the tissues (hematoma) and severe prolonged pain; common contact sport injury |
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Definition
| pain in the anterior leg; Due to injury or overuse of the tibia anterior. |
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Term
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Definition
| ruputure to annulsus fibrosus |
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Term
| short answer :two parts to the intervetbral disc |
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Definition
short answer: inner pulpy is nucleus pulposus
otter fibrouscartialage is anulus fibrosus. |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| area where the skull can expand |
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Definition
| first cervical bone connects the skull like pivot |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| need to know how to draw a sacrolemme |
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Definition
| which includes i band and h band blah blah |
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Term
parts united by collegenic fibers
sutures
immobile |
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Definition
short answer:fibrous joint
give structal characteristic
types
moblilty |
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Term
parts end with cartilage
hyaline catilage
immobile |
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Definition
short answer cartilogenous
characteristics
sutures
mobility |
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