Term
| what are the boundries of the axilla |
|
Definition
| upper arm and side of thorax |
|
|
Term
| what is the general function of the axilla |
|
Definition
| passage for lymph, notves, vessels |
|
|
Term
| what is another word for the apex of the axilla |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in what way is the apex of the axilla directed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the anterior boundry of the axilla apex |
|
Definition
| posterior border of clavicle |
|
|
Term
| what is the posterior boundry of the axilla apex |
|
Definition
| superior border of the scapula |
|
|
Term
| what is the medial boundry of the axilla apex |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the anterior boundry of the base of the axilla |
|
Definition
| anterior axillary fold formed by the lower border of the pectoraliz major |
|
|
Term
| what is the posterior border of the base of the axilla |
|
Definition
| posterior axillary fold formed by lower borders of teres major and latissimus dorsi |
|
|
Term
| what is the medial border of the base of the axilla |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what muscles form the anterior wall of the axilla |
|
Definition
| pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, subclavius, clavipectoral fascia |
|
|
Term
| what muscles form the posterior wall of the axilla |
|
Definition
| acapula, aubscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi |
|
|
Term
| what forms the medial border of the axilla |
|
Definition
| upper 4/5 ribs and intercostal spaces between them covered by serratus anterior |
|
|
Term
| what forms the lateral wall of the axilla |
|
Definition
| bicipital (intertubercular) groove of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what are the contents of the axilla |
|
Definition
| axillary artery and vein and their branches, axillary lymph nodes and vessels, brachial plexus cords and its branches |
|
|
Term
| where does the axillary artery begin |
|
Definition
| at the lateral border of rib 1 as a continuation of the subclavian artery |
|
|
Term
| where does the axillary artery end |
|
Definition
| at the lower border of teres major where it becomes the brachial artery |
|
|
Term
| what is the axillary artery surrounded by |
|
Definition
| cords of brachial plexus and their branches |
|
|
Term
| what muscle crosses in front of the axillary artery dividing it |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the boundries of the 1st part of the axillary artery |
|
Definition
| lateral border of 1st rib to medial border of pectoraliz minor |
|
|
Term
| what are the boundries of the 2nd part of the axillary artery |
|
Definition
| posterior to pectoralis minor |
|
|
Term
| what are the boundries of the 3rd part of the axillary artery |
|
Definition
| from lateral border of pectoralis minor to lower border of teres major |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the 1st part of the axillary artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the superior thoracic artery supply |
|
Definition
| upper two intercostal spaces |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the second part of the thoracic artery |
|
Definition
| thoracoacromial artery, lateral thoracic artery |
|
|
Term
| where does the thoracoacromial artery originate |
|
Definition
| close to medial border of pectoralis minor |
|
|
Term
| what does the thoracoacromial artery pierce |
|
Definition
| clavipectoral fascia (costocoracoid membrane) |
|
|
Term
| what branches does the thoracoacromial artery |
|
Definition
| clavicular, acromial, pectoral, deltoid |
|
|
Term
| where does the lateral thoracic artery originate |
|
Definition
| close to lateral border of pectoralis minor |
|
|
Term
| what does the lateral thoracic artery follow, where to |
|
Definition
| the lateral pectoralis minor to the thoracic wall |
|
|
Term
| what does the lateral thoracic artery supply |
|
Definition
| pectoralis muscles, serratus anterior, lateral brest |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the third part of the axillary artery |
|
Definition
| subscapular artery, anterior circumflex humeral, posterior circumflex humeral |
|
|
Term
| what is the largest branch of the axillary artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what muscle does the subscapular artery descend on |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the subscapular artery |
|
Definition
| circumflex and thoracodorsal |
|
|
Term
| what does the circumflex scapular artery supply |
|
Definition
| muscles on posterior aspect of scapula |
|
|
Term
| what does the circumflex scapular artery curve around |
|
Definition
| lateral border of scapula in triangular zone |
|
|
Term
| what does the thoracodorsal artery follow |
|
Definition
| lateral border of scapula |
|
|
Term
| what does the thoracodorsal artery sypply |
|
Definition
| muscles on posterior axilla wall |
|
|
Term
| where does the thoracodorsal artery end |
|
Definition
| in the latissimus dorsi muscle |
|
|
Term
| what does the anterior circumflex humeral artery pass around |
|
Definition
| front of surgical neck of humerus |
|
|
Term
| what does the posterior circumflex humeral artery pass through |
|
Definition
| quadrangular space with axillary nerve, skirts posterior aspect of surgical neck of humerus |
|
|
Term
| where does the posterior circumflex humeral artery end |
|
Definition
| anstomoses with anterior circumflex humeral artery |
|
|
Term
| what are the arteries that participate in anastomoses around the scapula, where do they come from |
|
Definition
| dorsal scapular from the subclavuan, suprascapular from the subclavian, subscapular from axillary |
|
|
Term
| where does the axillary vein form |
|
Definition
| lower border of teres major |
|
|
Term
| what joins to make the axillary vein |
|
Definition
| 2 brachial veins and basalic vein |
|
|
Term
| what is the axillary vein anterior to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the axillary vein terminate |
|
Definition
| lateral border for rib 1 where it becomes aubclavian |
|
|
Term
| what are the tributaries of the axillary vein |
|
Definition
| correspond with branches of the axillary artery and cephalic vein |
|
|
Term
| what are the groups of axillary lymph nodes |
|
Definition
| anterior (pectoral), posterior (aubscapular), lateral, apical, central |
|
|
Term
| where are the anterior axillary lymph nodes located |
|
Definition
| along lateral border of the pectoralis minor |
|
|
Term
| what do the anterior axillary lymph nodes recieve |
|
Definition
| lateral quadrents of breast and superificial lymph vessels from anterior thoracic wall and anterior abdominal wall above umbilicus |
|
|
Term
| where are the posterior axillary lymph nodes located |
|
Definition
| in front of subscapularis |
|
|
Term
| what do the posterior axillary lymph nodes recieve |
|
Definition
| superificial lymph vessels from back above iliac crest |
|
|
Term
| where are the lateral axillary lymph nodes located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the lateral axillary lymph nodes recieve |
|
Definition
| most lymph from upper limb except those accompanying the cephalic vein |
|
|
Term
| where does lymph accompanying the cephalic vein drain into |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are the central axillary nodes located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the central axillary nodes recieve |
|
Definition
| lymph from lateral, posterior, and anterior axillary nodes |
|
|
Term
| where are the apical axillary lymph nodes located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the apical axillary lymph nodes recieve |
|
Definition
| lymph from all other axillary nodes and from lymph vessels by cephalic vein |
|
|
Term
| where do the efferent vessels from the apicalaxillary nodes go |
|
Definition
| join to form subclavian lymph trunk and some may go into supraclavicular nodes |
|
|
Term
| where does the aubclavian lymph trunk drain |
|
Definition
| into thoracic duct (left) and right lymphatic duct (right) |
|
|
Term
| explain the organization of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
| roots > trunks > divisions > cords > terminal branches |
|
|
Term
| what makes the roots of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
| ventral rami of spinal nerves C5-8 and most of ventral rami of T1 |
|
|
Term
| what makes the sueprior trunk of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what makes the middle trunk of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what makes the inferior trunk of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the division of the brachial plexus, what makes them |
|
Definition
| each trunk (superior, middle, inferior) divides into anterior and posterior divisions making 6 divisions |
|
|
Term
| what makes the posterior cord of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
| posterior divisions of all three trunks |
|
|
Term
| what makes the lateral cord of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
| anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks |
|
|
Term
| what makes the medial cord of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
| anterior division of the inferior trunk |
|
|
Term
| what are the terminal branches of the posterior cord |
|
Definition
| axillary and radial nerves |
|
|
Term
| what are the terminal branches of the lateral cord |
|
Definition
| musculocutanrous and lateral root of median nerve |
|
|
Term
| what are the terminal branches of the medial cord |
|
Definition
| ulnar nerve and medial root of median nerve |
|
|
Term
| what are the additional branches from the roots of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
| dorsal scapular nerve, long thoracic nerve |
|
|
Term
| what are the additional branches from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
| nerve to the subclavias, suprascapular nerve |
|
|
Term
| what are the additional branches from the posterior cordof the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
| upper and lower subscapular nerves, thoracodorsal nerve |
|
|
Term
| what are the additional branches from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the additional branches from the medial cord of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
| medial pectoral nerve, medial cutaneous nerve of arm, medial cutaneous nerve of forearm |
|
|
Term
| what are the axioappendicular muscles |
|
Definition
| connect axial skeleton to appendicular skeleton of upper lumb |
|
|
Term
| what are the posterior axioappendicular muscles |
|
Definition
| trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid major and minor |
|
|
Term
| what are the anterior axioappendicular muscles |
|
Definition
| pectoralis major and minor, serratus anterior, and sibclavias |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the pectoralis major |
|
Definition
| clavicular head: medial half of clavicle, sternocostal head: sternum and upper 6 costal cartilages and aponeurosis of external oblique muscle |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the pectoralis major |
|
Definition
| lateral lip of bicipital (intertubercular) groove of humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the pectoralis major |
|
Definition
| medial and lateral pectoral nerves |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the pectoralis major |
|
Definition
| flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of the arm and sholder joint, assists in forced inspiration |
|
|
Term
| where is the pectoralis major located in relation to minor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the pectoralis minor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the pectoralis minor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the pectoralis minor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the pectoralis minor |
|
Definition
| stabilize scapula by drawing it inferior and anterior against the thoracic wall, assists in forced inspiration |
|
|
Term
| what does the serratus anterior corver |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the serratus anterior |
|
Definition
| external surface of ribs 1-8 |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of serratus anterior |
|
Definition
| medial and inferior angle of scapula |
|
|
Term
| what is the inervation of serratus anterior |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of serratus anterior |
|
Definition
| holds scaula against thoracic wall and rotates scapula |
|
|
Term
| what can cause winged scapula |
|
Definition
| paralysis of serratus anterior |
|
|
Term
| what occurs in a winged scapula |
|
Definition
| medial scapular border protrudes posterior |
|
|
Term
| where in general is the subclavius located |
|
Definition
| between clavicle and rib 1 |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the subclavias |
|
Definition
| inferior surface of middle third of clavicle |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the subclavius |
|
Definition
| 1st rib and 1st costal cartilage |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the subclavias |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the subclavius |
|
Definition
| depress the clavicle and brace the clavicle against the sternum |
|
|
Term
| where is the clavipectoral fascia located |
|
Definition
| sheet of connective tissue deep to the pectoralis major muscle |
|
|
Term
| what does the clavipectoralis fascia attach to |
|
Definition
| superior to the clavicle, then it splits, and inferior to the sibclavius |
|
|
Term
| what does the clavipectoral fascia enclose |
|
Definition
| subclavius muscle (superior), and pectoralis minor |
|
|
Term
| what is the costocoracoid membrane part of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the costocoracoid membrane extend between |
|
Definition
| subclavius and pectoralis minor muscles |
|
|
Term
| what is the name of the clavipectoral fascia between subclavius and pectoralis minor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the name of the clavipectoral fascia inferior to pectoralis minor |
|
Definition
| suspensory ligament of axilla |
|
|
Term
| what does the supensory ligament of axilla attach to |
|
Definition
| axillary fascia at base of axilla |
|
|
Term
| what is another name for the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the scapulohumeral muscles extend between, in feneral |
|
Definition
| shoulder girdle (mostly scapula) to humerus |
|
|
Term
| what are the scapulohumeral muscles involved in |
|
Definition
| movements of the arm at shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
| what are the scapulohumeral muscles |
|
Definition
| deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, subscapularis |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the deltoid |
|
Definition
| lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, spine of the scapula |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the deltoid |
|
Definition
| deltoid tuberosity on shaft of humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the deltoid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the deltoid, what fibers are doing these jobs |
|
Definition
| abduction of arm and shoulder joint, anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm, the posterior fibers extend lateral and rotate the arm |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the supraspinatus |
|
Definition
| supraspinous fossa on the scapula |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the supraspinatus |
|
Definition
| greater tubercle of the humerus (upper facet) |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the supraspinatus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the supraspinatus |
|
Definition
| help stabilize shoulder joint, initiate and assist deltoid in abduction of the arm at shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the infraspinatus muscle |
|
Definition
| infraspinous fossa of scapula |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the infraspinatus muscle |
|
Definition
| greater tubercle of the humerus (middle facet |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the infraspinatus muscle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the infraspinatus muscle |
|
Definition
| stabilize shoulder joint, laterally rotate arm at shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the teres minor |
|
Definition
| middle part of lateral border of the scapula |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the teres minor |
|
Definition
| greater tubercle of the humerus lower facet |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the teres minor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the teres minor |
|
Definition
| helps stabilize the shoulder joint, laterally rotates the arm at the shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the subscapularis |
|
Definition
| subscapular fossa (anterior scapula) |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the subscapularis |
|
Definition
| lesser tubercle of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the subscapularis |
|
Definition
| upper and lower subscapular nerves |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the subscapularis |
|
Definition
| help stabilize the shoulder joint, medial rotator of arm at shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
| what is sacerificed so the shoulder can have a wider range of motion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the most commonly dislocated large joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the strength of the rotator cuff dependent on |
|
Definition
| tone of short muscles connecting scapula to upper end of the humerus, the rotator cuff muscles |
|
|
Term
| what are the rotatoe cuff muscles |
|
Definition
| supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis |
|
|
Term
| what aspect of the rotator cuff is weak, what can this cause |
|
Definition
| inferior dislocation of the head of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the teres major |
|
Definition
| lower part of lateral border of scapula and posterior aspect of the inferior angle of scapula |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of teres major |
|
Definition
| medial lip of bicipital (intertuvercular) groove of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the teres major |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the teres major |
|
Definition
| medial rotation, extension, and adduction of the arm at the shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
| what does the quadrangular space communicate between |
|
Definition
| axilla and posterior aspect of shoulder |
|
|
Term
| in the posterior view, what is the superior boundry of the quadrangular space |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the posterior view, what is the inferior boundry of the quadrangular space |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the posterior view, what is the medial boundry of the quadrangular space |
|
Definition
| long head of tricepts brachii |
|
|
Term
| in the posterior view, what is the lateral boundry of the quadrangular space |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the anterior view, what is the superior boundry of the quadrangular space |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what passes through the quadrangular space |
|
Definition
| posterior curcumflex humeral vessels and axillary nerve |
|
|
Term
| where does the axillary nerve originate |
|
Definition
| from posterior cord of the brachial plexus in the axilla |
|
|
Term
| what fibers does the axillary nerve have |
|
Definition
| ventral rami of C5 and C6 |
|
|
Term
| describe the location of the axillary nerve in the quadrangular space |
|
Definition
| posterior through space inferior to shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
| what nerve is volurnable to damage during shoulder dislocations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the axillary nerve |
|
Definition
| muscular branches to the deltoid and teres minor muscles, articular branch to the shoulder joint, upper lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm |
|
|
Term
| what does the upper lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm supply |
|
Definition
| skin over superior part of lateral aspect of arm |
|
|
Term
| where is the triangular space in relation to the quadrangular |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the posterior view, what is the superior boundry of the triangular space |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the posterior view, what is the inferior boundry of the triangular space |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the posterior view, what is the lateral boundry of the triangular space |
|
Definition
| long head of triceps brachii |
|
|
Term
| in the anterior view, what is the superior boundry of the triangular space |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what runs through the triangular space |
|
Definition
| circumflex scapular vessels |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the skin over point of shoulder and half way down deltoid muscle, what does this nerve branch off of |
|
Definition
| suprascapular nerves from the cervical plexus |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the skin over the lower half of the deltoid, what does this nerve branch off of |
|
Definition
| upper lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm from the axillary nerve |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the skin over the lateral arm below the deltoid, what does this nerve branch off of |
|
Definition
| lower lateral cutanrous nerve of the arm from the radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| what innervaes the skin of the base of the axilla and medial arm, what does this nerve branch off of |
|
Definition
| medial curanrous nerve of the arm from the medial cord, intercostobrachial nerve from the lateral cutaneous branch of the 2nd intercostal nerve |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the skin of the back of the arm, what does this nerve branch off of |
|
Definition
| posterior cutanrous nerve of the arm from the radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| what are the superificial veins of the arm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the cephalic vein oroginate |
|
Definition
| from lateral side of dorsal venous arch of hand |
|
|
Term
| what is the cephalic vein within |
|
Definition
| superificial fascia on lateral aspect of the arm |
|
|
Term
| where does the cephalic vein leave the superificial fascia, what does it then run by |
|
Definition
| it runs superior and medial between pectoralis major and deltoid |
|
|
Term
| where does the cephalic vein go after it runs through the pectoralis major and deltoid |
|
Definition
| passes deep to the clavicular head of the pectoralis major and pierces the clavipectoral fascia draining into the axillary vein |
|
|
Term
| where does the basilic vein originate |
|
Definition
| medial side of dorsal venous arch of hard |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the basalic vein |
|
Definition
| ascends in superificial fascia on medial side of arm half way up the arm it pierces deep fascia at lower border of teres major and joins beachial veins to form axillary vein |
|
|
Term
| what encloses the components of the arm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is the arm divided into anterior and posterior |
|
Definition
| medial and lateral intermuscular septa extend from deep fascia to humerus |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm |
|
Definition
| biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm innervated by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the short head of the biceps brachii |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the long head of the biceps brachii |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which head of the biceps brachii has a tendon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the tendon of the biceps brachii |
|
Definition
| passes above humeral head within the shoulder joint and emerges from joint and lies in the bicipital groove |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the biceps brachii |
|
Definition
| radial tuberosity and deep fascia of medial aspect of forearm via fibrous band, bicipital aponeurosis |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the biceps brachii |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the biceps brachii |
|
Definition
| flexion and supination of the forearm, assists in flexion of the arm at the shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the coracobrachialis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the coracobrachialis |
|
Definition
| middle part of medial surface of the humeral shaft |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the coracobrachialis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the coracobrachialis |
|
Definition
| flexion and adduction of the arm and shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
| what pierces the coracobrachialis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the brachialis |
|
Definition
| anterior aspect of lower half of humeral shaft |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the brachialis |
|
Definition
| coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the brachialis |
|
Definition
| musculocutanrous nerve, small lateral part of the muscle is supplied by radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the brachialis |
|
Definition
| flexion of the forearm at the elbow |
|
|
Term
| where does the brachial artery begin |
|
Definition
| at lower border of teres major muscle as a continuation of the axillary artery |
|
|
Term
| what does the brachial artery run along |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what runs with the brachial artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does the brachial artery get to the cubital fossa |
|
Definition
| passes deep to the bicipital aponeurosis |
|
|
Term
| where does the brachial artery end, how |
|
Definition
| in cubital fossa, opposite the neck of the radius divides into radial and ulnar arteries |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the brachial artery |
|
Definition
| muscular, nutrient artery of the humerus, profunda brachii artery, superior ulnar colateral artery, inferior ulnar collateral artery, radial artery, ulnar artery |
|
|
Term
| what muscles does the muscular branches of the brachial artery supply |
|
Definition
| anterior compartment of the arm |
|
|
Term
| where does the profunda brachii artery begin |
|
Definition
| near the begining of the brachial artery |
|
|
Term
| what does the profunda brachii artery follow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the profunda brachii artery supply |
|
Definition
| posterior compartment of the arm |
|
|
Term
| where and how does the progunda brachii artery terminate |
|
Definition
| radial collateral and middle collateral branches. anastomosis around elbow joint |
|
|
Term
| what does the superior ulnar collateral artery run along, how does it end |
|
Definition
| ulnar nerve, anastomosis around elbow joint |
|
|
Term
| where does the inferior ulnar collateral artery end |
|
Definition
| anastomosis around elbow joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the terminal branch of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the musculocutaneous nerve pierce |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the musculocutaneous nerve |
|
Definition
| runs inferior and lateral between biceps brachii and brachialis, just lateral to biceps brachii tendon, it pierces deep fascia and becomes superificial, runs down lateral part of forearm as lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the musculocutaneous nerve |
|
Definition
| musular, lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm, articular branch ot elbow joint |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscular branche sof the musculocutaneous nerve |
|
Definition
| coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachialis |
|
|
Term
| what does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm supply |
|
Definition
| skin along lateral forearm as far as root of thumb |
|
|
Term
| how does the median nerve originate |
|
Definition
| by two roots from the medial and lateral cords of brachial plexus |
|
|
Term
| what does the median nerve run with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| at first, what is the relation of the median nerve to the middle artery |
|
Definition
| lateral to brachial artery |
|
|
Term
| what happens to the location of the median nerve int he middle arm |
|
Definition
| crosses anterior from lateral to medial |
|
|
Term
| after the middle arm, what does the medial nerve run under where does it end then |
|
Definition
| bicipital aponeurosis, cubital fossa |
|
|
Term
| what is the terminal branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the anterior compartment of the arm, what does the ulnar nerve run along, one what side, where does this relationship end |
|
Definition
| medial to brachial artery up to the insertion of the coracobrachialis |
|
|
Term
| after the insertion of the coracobrachialis, what does the ulnar nerve do |
|
Definition
| pierces intermuscular septum and descends in posterior compartment of the arm, passes posterior to medial epicontyle of humerus |
|
|
Term
| where is the ulnar nerve suspectible to injury, why |
|
Definition
| when it passes posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus, it is superificial |
|
|
Term
| in what compartment is the triceps bracii |
|
Definition
| posterior compartment of the arm |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the long head of the triceps brachii |
|
Definition
| infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the lateral head of the triceps brachii |
|
Definition
| posterior aspect of the humeral shaft above the radial (spiral) groove |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the medial head of the triceps brachii |
|
Definition
| posterior aspect of the humeral shaft, below radial (spiral) groove |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the triceps brachii |
|
Definition
| upper surface of olecranon of ulna |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the triceps brachii |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the triceps brachii |
|
Definition
| long head assists in extension and adduction of the arm and shoulder, extension of the forearm at elbow joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the terminal branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what compartment of the arm does the radial nerve enter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the radial nerve. this is long. |
|
Definition
| passes inferior and lateral in radial groove on posterior aspect of the humeral shafe, in low arm it pierces lateral intermuscular septum and enters anterior compartment, runs inferior between brachialis and brachioradialis, in front of lateral epicondyle of the humerus it divides into superificial and deep branches |
|
|
Term
| in the posterior compartment of the arm what is the radial nerve accompanied by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the radial nerve in the axilla and posterior compartment of the arm |
|
Definition
| muscular branches for 3 heads of triceps and anconeus, lower lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm, posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm, posterior cutaneous nerve of the forearm |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the radial nerve in the anterior compartment of the arm |
|
Definition
| muscular branches of the brachialis, brachioradialis, extensorcapri radialis longus, articular branch to the elbow joint, deep and superificial branches |
|
|
Term
| what are the terminal branches of the radial nerve |
|
Definition
| deep and superificial branches |
|
|
Term
| where is the cubital fossa located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the medial boundry of the cubital fossa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral boundry of the cubital fossa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the superior boundry of the cubital fossa |
|
Definition
| line connecting medial and lateral epicondyles of humeris |
|
|
Term
| what forms the floor of the cubital fossa |
|
Definition
| brachialis medially and supinator laterally |
|
|
Term
| what forms the roof of the cubital fossa |
|
Definition
| skin, superificial fascia, and deep fascia |
|
|
Term
| what is the roof of the cubital fossa reinforced by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what runs in the roof of the cubital fossa |
|
Definition
| median cubitial vein, branches of the medial and lateral cutaneous nerves of the forearm |
|
|
Term
| where is the median cubital vein located |
|
Definition
| superificial fascia overlying cubital fossa |
|
|
Term
| what does the median cubital vein connect |
|
Definition
| cephalic and basalic veins |
|
|
Term
| where are the branches of the medial and lateral cutaneous nerves of the forearm located |
|
Definition
| in superificial fascia overlying cubital fossa |
|
|
Term
| what are the contents of the cubital fossa |
|
Definition
| median nerve, brachial artery and its two terminal branches and accompanying veins, tendon of the biceps brachii, radial nerve and its two terminal branches |
|
|
Term
| what is another word for forearm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what surrounds the forearm |
|
Definition
| antibrachial fascia, deep fascia |
|
|
Term
| what connecs the radius and ulna, what is its other function |
|
Definition
| interosseus membrane, attaches deep forearm muscles |
|
|
Term
| what divides the forearm into anterior and posterior compartments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is another name fore the anterior compartment of the forearm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is another name for the posterior compartment of the forearm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what nerves form the cutaneous innervation of the forearm |
|
Definition
| lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm, medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm, posterior cutaneous nerve of the foreaem |
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral cutaneous nerve of the foreaem a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the medial cutaneous nerve of the foreaem a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the posterior cutaneous nerve of the foreaem a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the superificial veins of the forearm |
|
Definition
| cephalic, basilic, median cubital, median antibrachial |
|
|
Term
| what vein is frequently used for venipuncture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the location of the median antebrachial vein |
|
Definition
| ascends along the forearm midline and drains into median cubital vein |
|
|
Term
| what is the flexor retinaculum, where is it located |
|
Definition
| strong fibrous connective tissue band on the anterior wrist |
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor retinaculum attach to medially |
|
Definition
| pisiform and hook of hamate |
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor retinaculum attach to laterally |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor retinaculum create at its lateral attachment, what is located there |
|
Definition
| creates a tunnel for the fleor capri radialis tendon |
|
|
Term
| in general what does the retinaculum form |
|
Definition
| anterior concave surface of the carpel bones into the carpal tunnel |
|
|
Term
| what is in the carpal tunnel |
|
Definition
| median nerve and flexor tendons of the fingers |
|
|
Term
| what cauuses carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
Definition
| compression of the median nerve at the carpel tunnel |
|
|
Term
| what are the superificial muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm |
|
Definition
| pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris |
|
|
Term
| what are the intermediate muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm |
|
Definition
| flexor digitorum superificialis |
|
|
Term
| what are the deep muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm |
|
Definition
| flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus, pronator quadratus |
|
|
Term
| what are all the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm supplied by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm are not supplied by the median nerve, what nerve is it |
|
Definition
| the flexor carpi ulnaris and medial hald of flexor digitorum produndus are supplied by the ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the pronator teres humeral head |
|
Definition
| common flexor tendon, attached to medial epicondyle of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the pronator teres ulnar head |
|
Definition
| medial aspect of the coronoid process |
|
|
Term
| what does the median nerve pass between in the cubital fossa |
|
Definition
| the heads of the pronator teres |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the pronator teres |
|
Definition
| middle part of lateral surface of shaft of radius (pronator tuberosity) |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the pronator teres |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the pronator teres |
|
Definition
| pronation and flexion of the forearm |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis |
|
Definition
| common flexor tendon which is attached to medial epicondyle of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the flexor carpi radialis |
|
Definition
| bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals |
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor carpi radialis pass through before its insertion |
|
Definition
| tendon passes through its own tunnel in lateral part of flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the flexor carpi radialis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the flexor carpi radialis |
|
Definition
| flexion and abduction of the hand at the wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the palmaris longus |
|
Definition
| common flexor tendon, which is attached to the medial epicondyle of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the palmaris longus |
|
Definition
| distal part of the flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis |
|
|
Term
| what does the palmaris longus pass by before its insertion |
|
Definition
| superificial to the flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the palmaris longus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the palmaris longus |
|
Definition
| flexion of the hand at the wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| does everyone have a palmaris longus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the humeral head of the flexor carpi ulnaris humeral head |
|
Definition
| common flexor tendon, attached to medial epicondyle of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the humeral head of the flexor carpi ulnaris ulnar head |
|
Definition
| medial espect of the olecranon and posterior border of the ulnar shaft |
|
|
Term
| what does the ulnar nerve pass through as it enters the forearm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris |
|
Definition
| pisiform, hook and hamate, base of 5th metacarpal |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the flexor carpi ulnaris |
|
Definition
| flexion and adduction of the hand at the wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the flexor digitorum superificialis humeroulnar head |
|
Definition
| common flexor tendon, attached to the medial epicondyle of the humerus, and medial aspect of the coronoid process |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the radial head of the flexor digitorum superficialis |
|
Definition
| anterior aspect of the radius |
|
|
Term
| before its insertion, how does the flexor digitorum superificialis reorganize |
|
Definition
| muscle belly gives rise to 4 tendons that enter the hand through the carpal tunnel, at proximal phalanges the tendons divide into 2 slips allowing passage of corresponding tendons of flexor digitorum progundus |
|
|
Term
| what is the final insertion of the flexor digitorum superificialis |
|
Definition
| two slips that attach to the middle phalanges of the medial 4 fingers |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the flexor digitorum superificialis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the flexor digitorum superificialis |
|
Definition
| flexion of middle phalanges (interphalangeal joints) of medial 4 fingers, flexioon of proximal phalanges (metacarpophalangeal joints) of medial 4 fingers with flexion of hand at wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the flexor pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| anterior surface of the shaft of the radius and interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the flexor pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| base of distal phalanx of thumb |
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor pollicis longus pass through before its insertion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the flexor pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| anterior interosseous nerve (branch of the median nerve) |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the flexior pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| flexion of the distal phalanx (interphalangeal joint) of the thumb, flexion of proximal phalanx (metacarpophalangeal joint) of the thumb, flexion of 1st metacarpal (carpometacarpal joint) of the thumb, flexion of the hand at wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the flexor digitorum profundus |
|
Definition
| anterior and medial surfaces of the shaft of the ulna and interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus |
|
Definition
| lower forearm, then there are 4 tendons that go through the carpal tunnel |
|
|
Term
| what do the tendons of the flexor digitorum progundus pass through, where do they then insert |
|
Definition
| between 2 slpis of corresponding tendons of the flexor digitorum superificialis and insert into bases of the distal phalanges of medial 4 fingers |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the flexor digitorum progundus medial half |
|
Definition
| little and ring finger, ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the lateral half of the flexor digitorum produndus |
|
Definition
| index and middle fingers, anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median nerve) |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the flexor digitorum profundus |
|
Definition
| flexion of the distal phalanges (interphalangeal joint) of medial 4 fingers, flexion of middle and proximal phalanges (proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints), and flexion of hand at wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the pronator quadratus |
|
Definition
| lower anterior shaft of ulna |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the pronator quadratus |
|
Definition
| lower anterior shaft of radius |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the pronator quadratus |
|
Definition
| anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median) |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the pronator quadratus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is located in the carpal tunnel |
|
Definition
| 4 tendons of flexor digitorum superificialis and flexor digitorum profundus, tendon of flexor pollicis longus, median nerve, all the tendons have a common flexor sheath |
|
|
Term
| where does the ulnar artery begin |
|
Definition
| in the cubital fossa as a terminal branch of the brachial artery |
|
|
Term
| where is the ulnar artery located in the upper forearm |
|
Definition
| deep to the hands of the pronator teres and to all superificial ad intermediate muscues of the anterior compartment |
|
|
Term
| in the lower forearm where is the ulnar artery |
|
Definition
| superificial, between the tendon of the flexor carpi and the ulnaris and the ulnar nerve and the tendons of the flexor digitorum superificialis |
|
|
Term
| where does the ulnar artery end the hand, with what |
|
Definition
| anterior to the flexor retinaculum, unlar nerve |
|
|
Term
| how does the ulnar artery end |
|
Definition
| forming superificial palmar arch |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the ulnar artery |
|
Definition
| muscular branches, anterior and posterior recurrent, palmar and dorsal carpal, common interosseous, anterior interosseous, posterior interosseous |
|
|
Term
| how do the anterior and posterior unlar arteries end |
|
Definition
| anastomosis around elbow joint |
|
|
Term
| how do the palmar and dorsal carpal arteries end |
|
Definition
| anastomose with correspondiing branches of the radial artery to form palmar and dorsal carpal arches |
|
|
Term
| where does the common interosseous artery begin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does the common interosseous artery end |
|
Definition
| divides into anterior and posterior interosseous |
|
|
Term
| where does the anterior interosseous artery run |
|
Definition
| inferior on the anterior aspect of the interosseous membrane and proximal border of the pronator quadratus, it pierces the interosseous membrane and enters posterior compartment of the arm |
|
|
Term
| what does the posterior interosseous artery pass between |
|
Definition
| ulna and radius above the superior border of the interosseous membrane to enter the posterior compartment of the forearm |
|
|
Term
| where does the radial artery begin |
|
Definition
| in the cubital fossa, a terminal branch of the brachial artery |
|
|
Term
| what is the radial artery covered by in the upper forearm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the radial artery in the lower forearm |
|
Definition
| superificial and between tendon of the brachioradialis and tendon of felxor carpi radialis |
|
|
Term
| what is the radial artery accompanied by |
|
Definition
| superificial branch of the radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the radial artery |
|
Definition
| muscular, radial recurrent, palmar and dorsal carpal, superificial palmar |
|
|
Term
| how does the radial recurrent artery end |
|
Definition
| anastomosis around elbow joint |
|
|
Term
| how does the palmar and dorsal carpal arteries end |
|
Definition
| branches anastomose with corresponding branches of ulnar arteryto form palmar and dorsal carpal arches |
|
|
Term
| where does the superificial palmar artery begin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does the superificial palmar artery end |
|
Definition
| enters palm of hand and frequrntly anastomoses with ulnar artery to complete the superificial palmar arch on the lateral side |
|
|
Term
| where does the median nerve exit the cubital foss |
|
Definition
| between humeral and ulnar heads of the pronator teres |
|
|
Term
| what does the median nerve descend in the forearm between |
|
Definition
| flexor digitorum superificialis, flexor digitorum profundus |
|
|
Term
| where is the median nerve located at the wrist |
|
Definition
| emerbes above wrist from under the flexor digitorum superificialis and lies just deep to rendon of palmaris longus |
|
|
Term
| how does the median nerve enter the hand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the median nerve |
|
Definition
| muscular, articular branch to elbow joint, palmar branch, anterior interosseous |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscular branches of the median nerve |
|
Definition
| pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superificialis |
|
|
Term
| what does the palmar branch of the medial nerve supply |
|
Definition
| skin over lateral palm of hand |
|
|
Term
| what does the palmar branch of the median nerve pass over |
|
Definition
| superificial to flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| where does the anterior interosseous nerve originate |
|
Definition
| medial nerve as it emerges from pronator teres |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the anterior interosseous nerve |
|
Definition
| runs inferior on anterion interosseous membrane with anterior interosseous a |
|
|
Term
| what does the interior interosseous innervate |
|
Definition
| dlexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus, lateral hald of flexor digitorum progundus |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the anterior interosseous nerve |
|
Definition
| articular branches to wrist and distal radioulnar joints |
|
|
Term
| how does the ulnar nerve enter the forearm |
|
Definition
| anterior by passing between both heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris |
|
|
Term
| what is the ulnar nerve accompanied by |
|
Definition
| ulnar artery along most of its corse in the forearm |
|
|
Term
| what is the ulnar nerve between in the upper forearm |
|
Definition
| more deeply located between flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus |
|
|
Term
| where is the ulnar nerve in the lower forearm |
|
Definition
| more superificial between dendon of flexor carpi and ulnar artery |
|
|
Term
| were is the ulnar nerve located as it enters the palm of the hand |
|
Definition
| superificial to the flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the ulnar nerve |
|
Definition
| muscular, articular to the elbow, palmar, dorsal, superificial, deep |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscular branches of the ulnar nerve |
|
Definition
| flexor carpi ulnaris, medial half of flexor digitorum profundus |
|
|
Term
| where is the palmar branch of the ulnar nerve located |
|
Definition
| superificial to the flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| what does the palmar branch of the ulnar nerve supply |
|
Definition
| medial aprt of the palm of hand |
|
|
Term
| where is the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve located |
|
Definition
| curves around the ulna, deep to the tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris, |
|
|
Term
| what does the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve supply |
|
Definition
| skin of medial part of dorsum of the hand and proximal dorsal surface of medial half of fiingers |
|
|
Term
| what are the terminal branches of the ulnar nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the extensor retinculum |
|
Definition
| thickening of deep fascia across the back of wrist |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the extensor retinaculum |
|
Definition
| holds extensor tendons in place |
|
|
Term
| what does the retinaculum convert |
|
Definition
| grooves on posterior aspect of distal ends of the redius and ulna into 6 seperate tunnels for long extensor tendons |
|
|
Term
| what are the tunnels of the retinaculum lined with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the superificial muscles of the posterior forearm |
|
Definition
| brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, anconeus |
|
|
Term
| what are the superificial muscles of the posterior forearm supplied by |
|
Definition
| radial nerve deep branch of posterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the posterior interosseous nerve a continuation of |
|
Definition
| deep branch of radial nerve in posterior forearm compartment |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the brachioradialis |
|
Definition
| upper part of lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the brachioradialis |
|
Definition
| base of styloid process of radius |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the brachioradialis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the brachioradialis |
|
Definition
| flexion of forearm at elbow joint, assists in supination of forearm |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the extensor radialis longus |
|
Definition
| lower part of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus |
|
Definition
| tendon passes under extensor retinaculum and inserts into dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis longus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the extensor carpi radialis longus |
|
Definition
| extension and abduction of the hand at the wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis |
|
Definition
| common extensor tendon attached to lateral epicondyle of humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis |
|
Definition
| tendon passes under extensor retinaculum and inserts into dorsal base of 3rd metacarpal |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis |
|
Definition
| deep branch of radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the extensor carpi radialis brevis |
|
Definition
| extension and abduction of the hand at wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the extensor digitorum |
|
Definition
| common extensor tendon attached to lateral epicondyle of humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the extensor digitorum |
|
Definition
| muscle belly gives 4 tendons that fan over dorsum of hand to form extensor expansions near the proximal interphalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the extensor digitorum |
|
Definition
| posterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the extensor digitorum |
|
Definition
| extension of the proximal, middle, and distal phalanges of medial 4 fingers and extension of hand at wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the extensor digiti minimi |
|
Definition
| common extensor tendon attached to lateral epicondyle of humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the extensor digiti minimi |
|
Definition
| tendon passes under extensor retinaculum and usually divides into 2 slips which insert into extensor expansion of the little finger |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the extensor digiti minimi |
|
Definition
| posterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of extensor digiti minimi |
|
Definition
| extension of the proximal, middle, and distal phalanges of littel finger, assists with extension of hand at wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the humeral head of the extensor carpi ulnaris |
|
Definition
| common extensor tendon attached to lateral epicondyle of humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the ulnar head of the extensor carpi ulnaris |
|
Definition
| posterior border of the shaft of ulna |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the extensor carpi ulnaris |
|
Definition
| tendon passes under extensor retinaculum and inserts into the dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the extensor carpi ulnaris |
|
Definition
| posterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the extensor carpi ulnaris |
|
Definition
| extension and adduction of the hand at the wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the anconeus |
|
Definition
| posterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of humerus |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the anconeus |
|
Definition
| lateral surface of the olcranon and upper part of posterior surface of the shaft of the ulna |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the anconeus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the anconeus |
|
Definition
| assists triceps brachii in extension of the forearm at elbow joint |
|
|
Term
| what are the deep muscles of the posterior forearm |
|
Definition
| supinator, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the deep posterior forearm innervated by |
|
Definition
| deep branch of radial nerve or posterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the supinator |
|
Definition
| lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments of the elbow, and supinator crest and fossa of the ulna |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the supinator |
|
Definition
| fibers wrap around the radius to insert into the anterior, lateral, and posterior surfaces of the upper 1/3 of the radius |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the supinator |
|
Definition
| deep branch of radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the supinator |
|
Definition
| supination of the forearm |
|
|
Term
| what pierces the supinator |
|
Definition
| deep branch of radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| how does the deep branch of the radial nerve get to the forearm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| wt is the origin of the abductor pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| posterior surface of the shafts of ulna and radius and interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the abductor pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| tendon inserts into dorsal aspect of base of 1st metacarpal |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the abductor pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| posterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the abductor pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| abducts and extends thumb at the carpometacarpal joint and assists with abduction of hand at wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the extensor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| posterior surface of the shaft of the redius and the interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the extensor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| dorsal aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx of thumb |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the extensor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| posterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the extensor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| extends the proximal phalanx of the thumb and 1st metacarpal |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the extensor pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| posterior surface of the shaft of the ulna and interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the extensor pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| dorsal aspect of the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the extensor pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| posterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the extensor pollicis longus |
|
Definition
| extensor of distal and proximal phalanges of the htumb and 1st metacarpal |
|
|
Term
| what is the anatomical snuff box |
|
Definition
| triangular depression on lateral side of wrist |
|
|
Term
| what is the anterior boundry of the snuff box |
|
Definition
| tendons of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis |
|
|
Term
| what is the posterior boundry of the snuff box |
|
Definition
| tendon of extensor pollicis longus |
|
|
Term
| what lines of the floor of the snuff box |
|
Definition
| radial artery, deep to tendons |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the extensor indicis |
|
Definition
| posterior surface of the shaft of the ulna and interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the extensor indicis |
|
Definition
| extensor expansion of the index finber |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the extensor indicis |
|
Definition
| posterior inerosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action fo the extensor indicis |
|
Definition
| extends proximal, middle, and distal phalanges of the index finger and assists with the extension of hand at wrist joint |
|
|
Term
| explain the path of the superificial branch of the radial nerve |
|
Definition
| runs down the forearm deep to the brachioradialis muscle and lateral to the radial artery |
|
|
Term
| where is the superificial branch of the radial nerve in the distal forearm |
|
Definition
| seperates from artery and passes backward under the tendon of the brachioradialis to reach the posterior surface of the wrist |
|
|
Term
| how does the superificial branch of the radial nerve end |
|
Definition
| divides into branches the supply skin on lateral dorsum of hand and dorsal aspect of lateral 3.5 fingers |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the deep branch of the radial nerve to the posterior compartment |
|
Definition
| pierces supinator, winds around lateral aspect of the radius within supinator to reach posterior compartment of forearm |
|
|
Term
| how is the posterior interosseous nerve formed from |
|
Definition
| radial nerve after it pierces the supinator muscle |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the interosseous nerve |
|
Definition
| descends between superificial and deep muscles of posterior compartment of forearm and terminates on the posterior aspect of the wrist |
|
|
Term
| what does the deep branch of the forearm supply |
|
Definition
| extensor carpi radialis bravis and supinator |
|
|
Term
| what does the posterior interosseous nerve supply |
|
Definition
| extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis and longus and extensor indicis, articular branch to wrist and intercarpal joints |
|
|
Term
| where does the posterior interosseous artery originate |
|
Definition
| anterior compartment from the common interosseous artery |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the posterior interosseous artery to the posterior compartment |
|
Definition
| passes posterior between ulna and radius above the interosseous membrane to reach posterior compartment |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the posterior intersseous artery in the posterior compartment |
|
Definition
| accompanies posterior interosseous nerve, gives off interosseous recurrent artery, terminal part anastamoses with the anterior interosseous artery |
|
|
Term
| what does the anterior interosseous artery pierce before it terminaates, as what |
|
Definition
| pierces interosseous membrane, anastomoes with posterior interosseous artery |
|
|
Term
| how does the interosseous recurrent artery end |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the anterior interosseous never innervate. Know this! |
|
Definition
| Flexor pollicks longus, pronator quadratus, lateral flexor digitorum, profundus |
|
|
Term
| What is the anterior compartment innervated by, except? Know this! |
|
Definition
| Median nerve except flexor Capri ulnaris and medial flexor digitorum profoundly, they are ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| what type of skin does the palm of the hand have, how is it arranged and bound |
|
Definition
| thick skin bound to deep fascia by numerous fibrous bands |
|
|
Term
| what is the palmaris brevis, where is it located |
|
Definition
| small superificial muscle over the hyposthenia eminence |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the palmaris brevis |
|
Definition
| flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the palmaris brevis |
|
Definition
| skin of medial border of palm |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the palmaris brevis |
|
Definition
| superificial branch of ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the palmaris brevis |
|
Definition
| corrugates skin of hyposthenia eminence to improve grip of palm |
|
|
Term
| where is the deep fascia of the palm most thin |
|
Definition
| over the thenar and hyposthenia eminences |
|
|
Term
| where is the deep fascia of the palm the thickest |
|
Definition
| over central area, palmer aopneurosis |
|
|
Term
| what shape is the palmar aponeurosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the apex of the palmar aponeurosis directed |
|
Definition
| proximally to the flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| what inserts into the palmar aponeurosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is the base of the palmar aponeurosis directed |
|
Definition
| distally at finger bases, divided into 4 slips |
|
|
Term
| what is the base of the palmar aponeurosis continous with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where do the fibrous flexor sheaths extend to and from |
|
Definition
| metacarpal heads to base of distal phalanges |
|
|
Term
| where do flexor sheaths attach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do flexor sheaths arch over |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how are blind osteofibrous tunnels formed |
|
Definition
| fibrous sheaths with anterior surface of phalanges and interphalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
| what runs through the blind osteofibrous tunnels |
|
Definition
| flexor tendons and synovial sheaths |
|
|
Term
| what is in the osteofibrous tunner of the thumb |
|
Definition
| tendon of the flexor pollics longus |
|
|
Term
| what is in the osteofibrous tunnels of the 4 fingers |
|
Definition
| tendons of the flexor digitorum superificials and profundus |
|
|
Term
| what are the short muscles of the thumb |
|
Definition
| abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, adductor pollicis |
|
|
Term
| what form the thenar eminence |
|
Definition
| abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis |
|
|
Term
| where is the abductor pollicis brevis located in relation to the thenar eminence |
|
Definition
| superificial and lateral to it |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the abductor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| scaphoid, trapezium, and flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the abductor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the abductor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| recurrent branch of the median nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the abductor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| abduction of the thumb at the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
| where is the flexor pollicis brevis located in relation fo the abductor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the flexor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| flexor reginaculum and trapezium |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the flexor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| lateral base of proximal phalanx of thumb forming a common tendon with abductor pollicus brevis |
|
|
Term
| what is in the common tendon of the abductor pollicus brevis and flexor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the flexor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| recurrent branch of median nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the flexor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
| flexion of the thumb at the carpometacarpal and metacarpophyalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
| where is the opponens pollicis located in relation to the abductor pollicis brevis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the opponens pollicis |
|
Definition
| flexor retinaculum and trapezium |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the opponens pollicis |
|
Definition
| lateral border of shaft of 1st metacarpal |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the opponens pollicis |
|
Definition
| recurrent branch of median nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the opponens pollicis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the the oblique head of the adductor pollicis |
|
Definition
| base of metacarpal 2-3 and adjacent carpal bones |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the transverse head of the adductor pollicis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the adductor pollicis |
|
Definition
| medial aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb |
|
|
Term
| what is in the tendon of the adductor pollicis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the adductor pollicis |
|
Definition
| deep branch of the ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the adductor pollicis |
|
Definition
| adduction of the thumb at the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
| what are the short muscles of the little finger |
|
Definition
| abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, oppnenes digiti minimi |
|
|
Term
| what forms the hyposthenia eminence |
|
Definition
| abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, oppnenes digiti minimi |
|
|
Term
| what are the short muscles of the little finger innervated by |
|
Definition
| deep branch of ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| where is the abductor digiti minimi located within the hyposthenia eminence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the abductor digiti minimi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the abductor digiti minimi |
|
Definition
| medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the abductor digiti minimi |
|
Definition
| abduction of the little finger at the matacaopophalangeal joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the location of the flexor digit minimi brevis in reference to the abductor digiti minimi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the flexor digit minimi brevis |
|
Definition
| flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the flexor digiti minimi brevis |
|
Definition
| medial side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger |
|
|
Term
| what is the action og the flexor digit minimi brevis |
|
Definition
| flexion of the little finger at the matacaopophalangeal joint |
|
|
Term
| where is the opponens digiti minimi located in the hyposthenia eminence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the opponens digiti minimi |
|
Definition
| flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the opponens digiti minimi |
|
Definition
| medial border of the shaft of metacarpal 5 |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the opponens digiti minimi |
|
Definition
| flexion and lateral rotation of the 5th metacarpal at caropmetacarpal joint, helps bring little finger into opposition with the thumb |
|
|
Term
| what are the small muscles of the hand |
|
Definition
| 4 lumbricalis, 3 palmer interossei, 4 dorsal interossei |
|
|
Term
| what do the lumbrical muscles act on |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the lumbrical muscles |
|
Definition
| tedons of the flexor digitorum profundus |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the lumbrical muscles |
|
Definition
| lateral extensor expansion of the corresponding finger |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the lumbrical muscles |
|
Definition
1-2: median nerve
3-4 deep branch of ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the lumbrical muscles |
|
Definition
| flexion at metacarpophalangeal joints, extension of the interphalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
| what do the palmar interossei muscles act on |
|
Definition
| adduction of the index, ring, and little fingers |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the palmar interossei |
|
Definition
| metacarpal of corresponding finger |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the first palmar interossei |
|
Definition
| medial side of base of proximal phalanx of index finger and extensor expansion |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the 2nd and 3rd palmar interossei |
|
Definition
| lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of ring and little finger and extensor expansions |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the palmar interossei |
|
Definition
| deep branch of ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the palmar interossei |
|
Definition
| adduction of the metacarpophalangeal joints, flexion at metacarpophalangeal joints, extension at interphalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
| what do the dorsal interossei do in general |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the dorsal interossei act on |
|
Definition
| index, middle (2 muscles), and ring fingers |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the dorsal interossei |
|
Definition
| two heads form adjacent sides of two consecutive metacarpal bones |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the first dorsal interossei |
|
Definition
| lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of index finger, extensor expansion of finger |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the 2nd and 3rd dorsal interossei |
|
Definition
| both sides of base of proximal phalanx of middle finger, extensor expansion of finger |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the 4th dorsal interossei |
|
Definition
| medial side of base of proximal phalanx of ring finger, extensor expansion of finger |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the dorsal interossei |
|
Definition
| deep branch of ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the dorsal interossei |
|
Definition
| abduction at metacarpophalangeal joints, flexion at metacapophalangeal joints, extension at interphalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
| where does the ulnar artery enter the hand |
|
Definition
| superificial to the flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the ulnar artery in the hand |
|
Definition
| deep palmar branch, superificial palmar arch |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the superificial palmar arch |
|
Definition
| cruves laterally and deep to palmar aponeurosis and superificial to long flexor tendons |
|
|
Term
| what is the superificial palmar arch joined by |
|
Definition
| superificial palmar branch of radial artery |
|
|
Term
| where branches does the superificial palmar arch have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the palmar digital arteries supply |
|
Definition
| medial side of index finger and both sides of middle, ring, and little fingers |
|
|
Term
| where does the radial artery leave the dorsum of the hand |
|
Definition
| between two heads of the 1st dorsal interosseous, between two heads of adductor pollicis then to deep palmar arch |
|
|
Term
| as the radial artery enters the palmar arch, what does it give off |
|
Definition
| digital branches for the thumb and lateral index finger |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the deep palmar arch |
|
Definition
| curves medial and deep to the long flexor tendons |
|
|
Term
| what is the deep palmar arch joined by |
|
Definition
| deep palmar branch of the ulnar artery |
|
|
Term
| what branches does the deep palmar arch gibe off |
|
Definition
| palmar matacrapal arteries |
|
|
Term
| what do the palmar metacarpal arteries join |
|
Definition
| palmar digital branches of the superificial palmar arch |
|
|
Term
| where does the median nerve enter the palm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the recurrent branch of the median nerve innervate |
|
Definition
| 3 muscles of the thenar eminence, 1-2 lumbrical muscles |
|
|
Term
| what do the cutanous branches of the median nerve form |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the palmar digital branches of the median nerve innervate |
|
Definition
| palmar aspect of the lateral 3.5 fingers and distal part of dorsal aspect of same fingers |
|
|
Term
| where does the ulnar nerve enter the hand |
|
Definition
| anterior to the flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| what does the ulnar nerve do right when it enters the hand |
|
Definition
| divides into superificial and deep branches |
|
|
Term
| what does the superificial branch of the ulnar nerve innervate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the cuteneous branch of the ulnar nerve innervate |
|
Definition
| palmar aspect of medial 1.5 fingers and distal part of the dorsal aspect of the same fingers |
|
|
Term
| what are the cutaneous branches of the ulnar nerve called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the deep branch of the ulnar nerve pass between |
|
Definition
| abductor digit minimi and flexor digit minimi |
|
|
Term
| what does the deep branch of the ulnar nerve pierce |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens after the deep branch of the ulnar nerve pierces opponents digiti minimi |
|
Definition
| it curves around hook of hamate and passes lateral within concavity of deep palmar arch |
|
|
Term
| what does the deep palmar nerve innervate |
|
Definition
| 3 hyposthenia muscles, all interossei palmar and dorsal, 3-4 lumbrical muscles, adductor pollicis |
|
|
Term
| what provides cutaneous innervation to the lateral 2/3 of the dorsum of the hand |
|
Definition
| superificial branch of radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| what supplies cutanrous innervation to the dorsal aspect of the lateral 3.5 fingers |
|
Definition
| dorsal digital branch of superificial branch of radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| what supplies cutaneous innervation to the medial 1/3 of the dorsum of the hand |
|
Definition
| dorsal cutaneous branch of unlar nerve |
|
|
Term
| what supplies cutanrous innervation to the dorsal part of the medial 1.5 fingers |
|
Definition
| dorsal digital branch of the dorsal cutanrous branch of the ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| where do the dorsal digital branches of nerves end |
|
Definition
| not far beyond the proximal phalanges |
|
|
Term
| what is the remainder of the dorsal aspect of each finger innervated by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the dorsal venous arch within |
|
Definition
| subcutanous tissue of the dorsum of the hand |
|
|
Term
| where is the dorsal venous arch located |
|
Definition
| proximal to the metacapophalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
| where does the dorsal venous arch drain |
|
Definition
| on lateral side into cephalic vein and medial side into basilic vein |
|
|
Term
| where do seasmoid bones form |
|
Definition
| in tendons in areas of stress |
|
|
Term
| what are examples of locations of seizmoid bones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the hypothenar eminence located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the thenar eminence located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what bones does the sternoclavicular joint involve |
|
Definition
| clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage 1 |
|
|
Term
| what directions of movement is the sternoclavicular joint capiable of |
|
Definition
| forward, backward, depression, elevation |
|
|
Term
| what facilitates forward movement of the sternoclavicular joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what facilitates backward movement of the sternoclavicular joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what facilitates depressed movement of the sternoclavicular joint |
|
Definition
| pectoralis minor, subclavius |
|
|
Term
| what facilitates elevated movement of the sternoclavicular joint |
|
Definition
| trapezius, sternoclidomastoid, levator scapulae, rhomboids |
|
|
Term
| does the sternoclavicular joint have a capsule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what gives the sternoclavicular joint the possability of more elaborate motions, what is it made of |
|
Definition
| articular disc made of fibrocartilage |
|
|
Term
| what are the ligaments associated with the sternoclavicular joint |
|
Definition
| sternoclavicular, costoclavicular |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the sternclavicular ligament |
|
Definition
| reinforce the anterior and posterior movements of the sternoclavicular joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the costoclavicular ligament |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the costoclavicular ligament connect to |
|
Definition
| junction of rib 1 and costal cartilage to the sternal end of the clavicle |
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is the actomioclavicular |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what bones does the acromioclavicular involve |
|
Definition
| scapula acromion process and clavicle |
|
|
Term
| when does the acromioclavicular joint move |
|
Definition
| slides when scapula rotates or clavicle is elevated or depressed |
|
|
Term
| does the acromioclavicular joint involve have a capsule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does the acromioclavicular joint involve have an articular disc |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint |
|
Definition
| superior and inferior acromiococlavicular, coracoclavicular |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the superior and inferior acromicoclavicular joints |
|
Definition
| reinforce the acromioclavicular joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the coracoclavicular ligament |
|
Definition
| accessory joint of the acromioclavicular joint, suspend the weight of the scapula and upper limb to clavicle |
|
|
Term
| what is the coracoclavicular joint attached to |
|
Definition
| coracoid process to clavicle |
|
|
Term
| what happens if the acromioclavicular joint is dislocated |
|
Definition
| it can rupture ligaments and seperate the shoulder |
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is the should joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is another name for the shoulder joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what structures does the shoulder joint involve |
|
Definition
| glenoid fossa and humerus head |
|
|
Term
| what movements can the shoulder joint do |
|
Definition
| flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation |
|
|
Term
| does the shoulder joint have a capsule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does the shoulder joint have an articular disc |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the capsule of the shoulder joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the capsule of the shoulder joint allow for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are the holds in the shoulder joint capsule |
|
Definition
| between tuberacle of humerus and anterior |
|
|
Term
| what is the anterior hole in the capsule of the shoulder joint for |
|
Definition
| communication with the sucscapular bursa |
|
|
Term
| what is the hole between the tubercle of the humercus in the shoulder capsule for |
|
Definition
| long biceps brachii tendon |
|
|
Term
| what are the ligaments of the shoulder joint |
|
Definition
| superior, middle, and inferior glenohumeral, transverse humeral, costoclavicular |
|
|
Term
| what forms the superior, middle, and inferior glenohumeral ligaments |
|
Definition
| thickening of the anterior capsule |
|
|
Term
| where is the transverse humeral ligament located |
|
Definition
| over bicpital tendon which is in the intertubercular sulcus, connects from greater to lesser tubercle |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the transverse humeral ligament |
|
Definition
| accessory for the shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the strongest ligament of the shoulder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the costoclavicular ligament connected to |
|
Definition
| greater tuberosity of humerus to corcaoid |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the costoclavicular ligament |
|
Definition
| strengthen the superior joint capsule |
|
|
Term
| so the shoulder joint has all these ligaments, it should be supported by them right? |
|
Definition
| no, the ligaments only provide minor support, the rotator cuff does most of the supporting and its kind of bad at it and is the most commonly dislocated joint |
|
|
Term
| what is damaged if the shoulder joint is dislocated inferiorly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is weakened when the shoulder joint is dislocated inferiorly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is the elbow joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is another name for the elbow joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what structures are involved in the elbow joint |
|
Definition
| trochlea, capitulum, trochlear notch of the ulna, head of radius |
|
|
Term
| what type of movement can the elbow joint do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does te elbow joint have a capsule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does the elbow joint have an articular disc |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the capsule of the elbow joint |
|
Definition
| thin and weak in the anterior and posterior directions |
|
|
Term
| why is the elbow joint capsule stronger in the lateral medial direction |
|
Definition
| it has more ligament support |
|
|
Term
| where is the capsule of the elbow joint attached to superiorly |
|
Definition
| coronoid and radial fossa, medial and lateral epicondyles |
|
|
Term
| where is the elbow joint capsule attached to inferiorly |
|
Definition
| coronoid of the ulna, annular ligament of the radius |
|
|
Term
| what are the ligaments of the elbow joint |
|
Definition
| radial (lateral) collateral, ulnar (medial) collateral |
|
|
Term
| what is the shape of the radial collateral ligament |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the radial collateral ligament attached to |
|
Definition
| lateral epicondyle and annular ligament |
|
|
Term
| what is the shape of the ulnar collateral ligament |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the ulnar collateral ligament attached to |
|
Definition
| medial epicondyle to ulna |
|
|
Term
| what population is dislocation of the elbow joint most common |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why is elbow dislocation more common in kids |
|
Definition
| because their coronoid and olecranon is not ossified yet |
|
|
Term
| describe how the elbow joint is normally dislocated |
|
Definition
| humerus is drawn through a weak point in the capsule |
|
|
Term
| where is the proximal radioulnar joint located |
|
Definition
| between head of radius and annular ligament to the radial notch of the ulna |
|
|
Term
| does the proximal radioulnar joint have a capsule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does the proximal radioulnar joint have an articular disc |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the ligament of the proximal radioulnar joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the location of the annular ligament |
|
Definition
| forms a collar around the radius head |
|
|
Term
| what does the annular ligament attach do |
|
Definition
| margin of the radial notch on the ulna |
|
|
Term
| how is the proximal radioulnar joint usually damaged |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens then the proximal radiounlar ligament is dislocated |
|
Definition
| radius is pulled out of annular ligament collar |
|
|
Term
| who is more likley to get a dislocated proximal annular ligament |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is the middle radioulnar joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the middle radioulnar joint connect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of fibers does the middle radioulnar joint have, how are they oriented, why |
|
Definition
| fibrous connective tissue at an angle to transmit force from the hand to the ulna |
|
|
Term
| what kind of joint is the distal radioulnar joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the distal radioulnar joint connect |
|
Definition
| head of ulnar and ulnar notch on distal radius |
|
|
Term
| does the distal radioulnat joint have a capsule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does the distal radioulnar joint have an articular disc |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint connected |
|
Definition
| lower ulnar notch of the radius to the base of the styloid process of the ulna |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the distal radioulnar joint |
|
Definition
| seperates radioulnar joint from the wrist and links radius and ulna |
|
|
Term
| what is another name for the wrist joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is the wrist joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what structures does the wrist joint involve |
|
Definition
| radius above scaphoid and lunate below |
|
|
Term
| what movements can the wrist joint do |
|
Definition
| abduction, adduction, flexion, extension |
|
|
Term
| does the wrist joint have a capsule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does the wrist joint have an articular disc |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the ligaments of the wrist joint |
|
Definition
| dorsal and palmar radiocarpal, radio and ulnar collateral |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the dorsal and palmar radiocarpal ligaments |
|
Definition
| strenghten the anterior and posterior capsule |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the radial and ulnar collateral ligaments |
|
Definition
| kind of limit abduction and adduction |
|
|
Term
| what are the radial and ulnar ligaments connected to |
|
Definition
| styoid process of radius and ulna to the carpals |
|
|
Term
| what type of wrist joint fracture is most common |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is it called when the wrist joint is posteriorly displaced |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is it called when the wrist joint is anteriorly displaced |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in what demographic is a wrist joint fracture most common |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are intercarpal joints |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of motion do intercarpal joints do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are the carpometacarpal joints |
|
Definition
| between carpals and metacarpals |
|
|
Term
| how much movement can the carpometacarpal joints 2-5 do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is carpometacarpal joint 1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what bone does carpometacarpal joint 1 articulate with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what motion can the carpometacarpal joint 1 do |
|
Definition
| flexion and extension, abduction and adduction |
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is the metacarpalphalangeal joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what structures does the metacarpalphalangeal joint involve |
|
Definition
| head of metacarpal to proximal phalanges |
|
|
Term
| does the metacarpalphalangeal joint have a capsule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does the metacarpalphalangeal joint have an articular disc |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the ligaments of the metacarpalphalangeal joint |
|
Definition
| palmar, deep transverse metacarpal, collateral |
|
|
Term
| what does the palmar ligament attach to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does the palmar ligament tense |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the deep transverse metacarpal ligament attach do |
|
Definition
| holds heads to metacarpals together |
|
|
Term
| what does the collateral ligament attach do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does the collateral ligament tense |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is the inerphalangeal joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what movement can the interphalangeal joint do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the interphalangeal joint similar to in structure |
|
Definition
| metacarpalphalangeal joint |
|
|
Term
| what does the pattern of nerve damage for an injury depend on, why |
|
Definition
| injury, nerve, location because most muscles are innervated by many spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
| what are acute nerve injuries caused by |
|
Definition
| traction, pressure, division (cut) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a pull that breaks a rips a nerve from the root |
|
|
Term
| what causes chronic nerve injuries |
|
Definition
| tumor, hematoma of tissue around it |
|
|
Term
| what part of the brachial plexus is located in the posterior triangle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what part of the brachial plexus is located in the axilla |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the disease name for an upper root lesion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what motion causes erb duchenne palsy |
|
Definition
| stretch neck and shoulder apart, fell from motorcycle, horse, birth injury |
|
|
Term
| what roots are effected in erb duchenne palsy, how |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what nerves are impaired in erb duchenne palsy |
|
Definition
| suprascapular, musculocutanous, axillary |
|
|
Term
| what muscles are impaired in erb duchenne palsy |
|
Definition
| supraspinatus, infraspinatus, biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis, deltoid teres minor |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of erb duchenne palsy |
|
Definition
| arm hangs limp, medially rotated, pronation, loss of sensation on lateral arm |
|
|
Term
| what is the difference in erb duchenne palsy if the radial nerve happens to be involved |
|
Definition
| wrist flexes creating waitors tip |
|
|
Term
| what is the disease that has a lower root lesion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what motion causes klupumke palsy |
|
Definition
| excessive abduction, grabing onto something up high when falling |
|
|
Term
| what nerves are affected in klupumke palsy |
|
Definition
| tear in T1 (maybe C8) roots affecting ulnar and median N |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of klupumke palsy |
|
Definition
| small muscles of hands lost, hyperextension of metacarpalphalangeals, flexion of interphalangeals (claw hand), loss of sensation in median arm |
|
|
Term
| what is the cause of claw hand |
|
Definition
| lumbricals and interossei are not opposed by the flexor compartment anymore |
|
|
Term
| what symptoms does damage to the long thoracic nerve cause |
|
Definition
| cant raise arm above head, winged scapula |
|
|
Term
| what muscle does damage to the long thoracic nerve affect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what can damage the serratus anterior |
|
Definition
| removing pecs, surgical injury, pressure in neck, stab in chest |
|
|
Term
| what nerve roots is the axillary nerve associated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how can the axillary nerve be damaged |
|
Definition
| pporly adjusted crutch, dislocation of shoulder, fracture of humerus surgical neck, humerus dislocation |
|
|
Term
| what muscles does damage to the axillary nerve affect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of damage to the axillary nerve |
|
Definition
| loss of sensation in lower deltoid, deltoid atrophy, abduction impaired |
|
|
Term
| in general, where are the branches of the radial nerve in relation to the structures they innervate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what causes damage to the axillary part of the radial nerve |
|
Definition
| pressure from a crutch, falling asleep with arm over chair, fracture or dislocation of humerus |
|
|
Term
| what muscles are effected by a radial nerve axillary injury |
|
Definition
| triceps, aconeus, extensors of the wrist |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of a radial nerve injury in the axillary region |
|
Definition
| cant extend elbow at wrist, wrist drop, sensory loss from posterior cutanous nerve of arm and forearm and lateral dorsum of the hand and 3 fingers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cannot grasp firmly because on is in complete flexion |
|
|
Term
| what causes a radial nerve injury by the spiral groove |
|
Definition
| fracture of the humerus shaft |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of a radial nerve injury at the spiral groove |
|
Definition
| wrist drop, dorsum of hand and 3 fingers sensory loss |
|
|
Term
| what are the causes of damage to the radial nerve deep branch |
|
Definition
| fracture of the proximal radius, dislocation of the radial head |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of damage to the radial nerve deep branch |
|
Definition
| motor function lost to extensor muscles, no sensory loss of wrist drop |
|
|
Term
| why doesnt damage to the radial nerve deep branch cause wrist drop |
|
Definition
| because the extensor carpi radialis still has function |
|
|
Term
| what causes damage to the superificial branch of the radial nerve |
|
Definition
| stab, incision, laceration |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of injury to the superificial branch of the radial nerve |
|
Definition
| loss of sensory to the hand dorsum and 3 fingers |
|
|
Term
| when would the musculocutanous nerve be injured |
|
Definition
| it really wouldnt, it is hard to injur alone |
|
|
Term
| what muscles does the medial nerve supply |
|
Definition
| front of forearm except flexor carpi ulnaris and medial flexor digitorum profundus, palmer cutanous, thrnar eminence, lumbricals 1-2 |
|
|
Term
| what causes an injury to the median nerve at the elbow |
|
Definition
| supracondylar fracture of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what muscles are affected in a median nerve injury at the elbow |
|
Definition
| biceps pull it forward, loose pronators and flexors of fiingers |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of a median nerve injury at the elbow |
|
Definition
| supination, adducted because of flexor carpi ulnaris, lateral rotation and adduction of the thumb (ape hand), atrophy, eminence flatens, loss of sensation to palmm and palmer aspect of the lateral 3 fingers |
|
|
Term
| what causes injury to the median N at the wrist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of injury to the median nerve at the wrist |
|
Definition
| loss of thenar eminence muscles (ape hand), lumbricals 1-2. sensory loss |
|
|
Term
| what causes carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
Definition
| compression on the median nerve |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
Definition
| burning, pins and needles, thenar weakness, no cutanous loss |
|
|
Term
| what is a test for carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
Definition
| decompression gives lots of improvement |
|
|
Term
| where does injury to the ulnar nerve at the elbow |
|
Definition
| below the medial condyle (the funny bone) |
|
|
Term
| what causes injury of the ulnar nerve at the elbow |
|
Definition
| fracture of medial condyle |
|
|
Term
| what does the ulnar nerve innervate |
|
Definition
| flexor carpi ulnaris, medial flexor digiforum profundus |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of damage to the ulnar nerve at the elbow |
|
Definition
| cant flex terminal phalanges, wrist flexion weak, abduction, cannot abduct or adduct fingers, half claw hand on fingers 4-5 |
|
|
Term
| what loose innervation if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow |
|
Definition
| except thenar and lumbricals 1+2 the hand is lost, loss of sensation in last fingers |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of injury to the ulnar artery at the wrist |
|
Definition
| small hand muscles paralyzed, claw hand, sensory loss |
|
|
Term
| what sensory nerves are not affected when the ulnar nerve is injured at the wrist |
|
Definition
| post cutanous nerve and palmer cutanous |
|
|
Term
| why is the claw hand when ulnar nerve is damaged at the wrist |
|
Definition
| because flexor digitorum profundus is not paralyzed |
|
|
Term
| what provides cutaneous innervation to the upper medial quadrent of the gluteal region |
|
Definition
| dorsal rami L1-3 and S1-3 |
|
|
Term
| what provides cutaneous innervation to the upper lateral quadrent of the gluteal region |
|
Definition
| branches of subcostal and iliohypogastric nerves (VR T12 and L1) |
|
|
Term
| what provides cutaneous innervation to the lower lateral quadrent of the gluteal region |
|
Definition
| branches of lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (lumbar plexus VR L2-3) |
|
|
Term
| what provides cutaneous innervation to the lower medial quadrent of the gluteal region |
|
Definition
| posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (sacral plexus VR S1-3) |
|
|
Term
| what are the ligaments of the gluteal region |
|
Definition
| sacrotuberous, sacrospinous |
|
|
Term
| what are the shapes of the ligaments of the gluteal region |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the sacrotuberous ligament attach to and from |
|
Definition
| PSIS, sacrum, coccyx to medial margin ischial tuberosity |
|
|
Term
| what does the scarospinous ligament run to an dfrom |
|
Definition
| llateral sacrum, coccyx to ischial spine |
|
|
Term
| where is the scarospinous ligament located in relation to the sacrotuberous |
|
Definition
| the sacrospinous is anterior |
|
|
Term
| what do the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous form |
|
Definition
| greater and lesser sciatic notches into foramina |
|
|
Term
| what does the greater sciatic formaina communicate between |
|
Definition
| main pelvic cavity and gluteal region |
|
|
Term
| what does the lesser sciatic foramen communicate between |
|
Definition
| gluteal region and perineum |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the gluteal region |
|
Definition
| gluteus maximus, medius, minimus. priformis. obutrator internus. superior and inferior gemellus. quadratus femoris |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the gluteus maximus |
|
Definition
| outer gluteal surface of the ilium behind gluteal line, posterior sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the gluteus maximus |
|
Definition
| iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femus |
|
|
Term
| what is the iliotibial tract made of, where |
|
Definition
| fascia lata along lateral aspect of thigh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the iliotibial tract extend to and from |
|
Definition
| tubercle of the iliac crest to lateral condyle of tibia |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the gluteus maximus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the inferior gluteal nerve a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the gluteus maximus |
|
Definition
| extension and lateral rotation of thigh at hip, extension of trunk when thigh is fixed, maintaining knee joint extension via iliotibial tract |
|
|
Term
| what shape is the gluteus medius and minimus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the gluteus medius in relation to other muscles |
|
Definition
| beneath maximus and above minimus |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the gluteus medius and minimus |
|
Definition
| outer gluteal surface of the ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the gluteus medius and minimus |
|
Definition
| lateral greater trochanter |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the gluteus medius and minimus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the superior gluteal nerve a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the gluteus medius and minimus |
|
Definition
| abduction and medial rotation of thigh at hip, steadies pelvis in walking |
|
|
Term
| whow does the gluteus medius and minimus steady the pelvis in walking |
|
Definition
| when foot is taken off ground and goes forward, the muscles steady pelvis on supporting limb |
|
|
Term
| what happens if the gluteus medius and minimus are paralized |
|
Definition
| when standing on the leg with the paralysis and with the other leg out pelvis will sink away from the standing leg |
|
|
Term
| what is the sinking of the pelvis indicating gluteus minimus or medius paralysis called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the piriformis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| before the piriformis muscle inserts, describe its path |
|
Definition
| exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the piriformis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the piriformis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the sacral plexus relative to the piriformis |
|
Definition
| the sacral plexus is anterior |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the piriformis |
|
Definition
| lateral rotation of thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the obturator internus |
|
Definition
| internal pelvic surface of the obturator membrane and parts of the bonr around it |
|
|
Term
| before its insertion, describe the path of the obturator internus |
|
Definition
| tapers into a tendon, enters gluteal region via lesser sciatic formaen, joined by superior and inferior gemelli |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the obturator internus |
|
Definition
| nerve to obturator internus |
|
|
Term
| what is the nerve to the obturator internus a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the obturator internus |
|
Definition
| lateral rotation of the thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the superior gemellus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the superior gemellus |
|
Definition
| with tendon of the obturator internus and inferior gemellus into medial aspect of the greater trochanter |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the superior gemellus |
|
Definition
| nerve to the obuturator internus |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the superior gemellus |
|
Definition
| lateral rotation of thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the inferior gemellus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the inferior gemellus |
|
Definition
| with tendon of the obturator internus and superior gemellus into medial aspect of the greater trochanter |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the inferior gemellus |
|
Definition
| nerve to quadratus femoris |
|
|
Term
| what is the nerve to the quadratus femoris a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the inferior gemellus |
|
Definition
| lateral rotation of thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the quadratus femoris |
|
Definition
| lateral ischial tuberosity |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the quadratus femoris |
|
Definition
| quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest and inferior to it |
|
|
Term
| what innervates quadratus femoris |
|
Definition
| nerve to quadratus femoris |
|
|
Term
| what is the nerve to the quadratus femoris a branch od |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the quadratus femoris |
|
Definition
| lateral rotation of thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
| what is the largest nerve in the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the sciatic nerve a branch of |
|
Definition
| sacral plexus (VR L4-5, S1-3) |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the sciatic nerve |
|
Definition
| emerges from pelvis through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis, on obturator internus super and infer gelemmi, and quadratus femoris covered by gluteus maximus, passes deep to head o biceps femoris to leave gluteal region and enters posterior compartment of the thigh |
|
|
Term
| what are the divisions of the sciatic nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the divisions of the sciatic nerve bound by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what branches does the sciatic nerve give in the gluteal region |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the tibial divisions of the sciatic nerve composed of |
|
Definition
| anterior division of L4-S3 VR |
|
|
Term
| what is the common fibular division of the sciatic nerve composed of |
|
Definition
| posterior division L4-S2 VR |
|
|
Term
| what is the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh a branch of |
|
Definition
| sacral plexus (anterior division S2-3 VR, posterior divisions S1-2 VR) |
|
|
Term
| how does the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh leave the pelvis |
|
Definition
| leaves pelvis through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis |
|
|
Term
| after the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh leaves the pelvis decribe its path |
|
Definition
| descends under gluteus maximus posterior of medial to the sciatic nerve, continues of back of thigh superificial to hamsting muscles and deep fasca lata |
|
|
Term
| what does the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh run with under the gluteus maximus |
|
Definition
| inferior gluteal nerve and vessels |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh |
|
Definition
| gluteal, perineal, cutaneous |
|
|
Term
| where are the gluteal branches of the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh |
|
Definition
| curve around inferior border of gluteus maximus |
|
|
Term
| what do the gluteal branches of the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh supply |
|
Definition
| skin over inferomedial quadrent of the gluteal region |
|
|
Term
| what does the perineal branch of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh supply |
|
Definition
| skin of superomedial thigh and posterior scrotum or labium majus |
|
|
Term
| what does the cutaneous branch of the posterior cutanrous nerve of thigh supply |
|
Definition
| skin on back of thigh and upper leg |
|
|
Term
| what is the superior gluteal nerve a branch of |
|
Definition
| sacral pleus (posterior division L4-5, S1 VR) |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the superior gluteal nerve |
|
Definition
| leaves pelvis through greater sciatic foramen, superior to the piriformis super superior gluteal vessels, funs forward between gluteus medius and minimus |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the superior gluteal nerve |
|
Definition
| muscular, articular branch to hip |
|
|
Term
| what do the muscular branches of the superior gluteal nerve supply |
|
Definition
| gluteus medius, minimus and tensor fasciae latae |
|
|
Term
| what is the inferior gluteal nerve a branch of |
|
Definition
| sacral plexus (posterior division L5, S1-2) |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the inferior gluteal nerve |
|
Definition
| leaves pelvis through greater sciatic foramen, inferior to piriformis, with inferior gluteal vessels |
|
|
Term
| what does the inferior gluteal nerve supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the pudendal nerve a branch od |
|
Definition
| sacral plexus (anterior division S2-4 VR) |
|
|
Term
| how does the pudendal nerve leave the pelvis |
|
Definition
| through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis with internal pudendal vessels |
|
|
Term
| what does the pudendal nerve do after it leaves the pelvis |
|
Definition
| curves around posterior ischial spine, passes through lesser sciatic foramen to enter perineum |
|
|
Term
| what is the nerve to the obturator internus a branch of |
|
Definition
| sacral plexus (anterior division L5, S1-2 VR) |
|
|
Term
| how does the nerve to the obutrator internus leave the pelvis |
|
Definition
| greater sciatic foramen, inferior to piriformis |
|
|
Term
| what branches does the nerve to the obutrator internus nave |
|
Definition
| supergemellus, obturator internus |
|
|
Term
| what does the nerve to the obturator internus do after it leaves the pelvis |
|
Definition
| gives branch to superior gemellus then passes through lesser sciatic foramen and gives branch to obturator internus |
|
|
Term
| what is the nerve to the quadratus femoris a branch of |
|
Definition
| sacral plexus (anterior division L4-5, S1) |
|
|
Term
| how does the nerve to the quadratus femoris leave the pelvis |
|
Definition
| greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis |
|
|
Term
| what does the nerve to the quadratus femoris do after it leaves the pelvis |
|
Definition
| descends deep to the obturator internus and gemelli |
|
|
Term
| what does the nerve to the quadratus femoris supply |
|
Definition
| quadratus femoris, inferior gemellus, hip joint |
|
|
Term
| what are the arteries of the gluteal region |
|
Definition
| superior and inferior gluteal, internal pudendal, |
|
|
Term
| what are the superior and inferior gluteal arteries branches of |
|
Definition
| internal iliac artery in the pelvis |
|
|
Term
| what is the internal pudendal artery a branch of |
|
Definition
| internal iliac within pelvis |
|
|
Term
| what does the internal pudendal artery accompany |
|
Definition
| pudendal nerve in the gluteal region and peninrum |
|
|
Term
| what branches does the internal pudendal artery have in the gluteal region |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what structures pass through the greater sciatic foramen |
|
Definition
| piriformis, sciatic nerve, posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh, super and inferior gluteal nerves, nerve to obturator internus, nerve to quadratus femoris, pudendal nerve, superior and inferior gluteal vessels, internal pudendal vessels |
|
|
Term
| what structures pass through the lesser sciatic foramen |
|
Definition
| obturator internus muscle, nerve to obturator internus, pudendal nerve, internal pudendal vessels |
|
|
Term
| what is the superior boundry of the femoral triangle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the medial boundry of the femoral triangle a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral boundry of the femoral triangle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what forms the floor of the femoral triangle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what forms the roof of the femoral triangle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the contents of the femoral triangle |
|
Definition
| femoral n. a. v. and their branches, deep inguinal nodes |
|
|
Term
| where is the brgining of the adductor canal |
|
Definition
| at the apex of the femoral triangle |
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral border of the adductor canal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the medial border of the adductor canal |
|
Definition
| subsatorial fascia and satorius |
|
|
Term
| what is the posterior border of the adductor canal |
|
Definition
| adductor longus and magnus |
|
|
Term
| where does the adductor canal end |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in general, where is the adductor canal located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the contents of the adductor canal |
|
Definition
| femoral a. v., saphenous n.. n to the vastus medialis, terminal posterior division of the obturator nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the nerve to the vastus medialis a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the superior boundry of the femoral triangle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the medial boundry of the femoral triangle a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral boundry of the femoral triangle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what forms the floor of the femoral triangle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what forms the roof of the femoral triangle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the contents of the femoral triangle |
|
Definition
| femoral n. a. v. and their branches, deep inguinal nodes |
|
|
Term
| where is the brgining of the adductor canal |
|
Definition
| at the apex of the femoral triangle |
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral border of the adductor canal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the medial border of the adductor canal |
|
Definition
| subsatorial fascia and satorius |
|
|
Term
| what is the posterior border of the adductor canal |
|
Definition
| adductor longus and magnus |
|
|
Term
| where does the adductor canal end |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in general, where is the adductor canal located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the contents of the adductor canal |
|
Definition
| femoral a. v., saphenous n.. n to the vastus medialis, terminal posterior division of the obturator nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the nerve to the vastus medialis a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the main artery for the lower limb |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the femoral a begin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the femoral artery a continuation of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the femoral a end |
|
Definition
| adductor hiatus, then enters the popliteal fossa |
|
|
Term
| what does the femoral a turn into |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the relation of the femoral a to other vessels in the femoral triangle |
|
Definition
| medial to femoral n, lateral to the v |
|
|
Term
| in the lower leg, where is the femora a in relation to the v |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the femoral a |
|
Definition
| superificial circumflex iliac, superificial epigastric, superificial and deep external pudendal, muscular, profunda femoris, descending genicular |
|
|
Term
| what do the superificial circumflex iliac and superificial epigastric iliac a supply |
|
Definition
| inferior anterior abdominal wall |
|
|
Term
| what do the superificial and deep external pudendal a supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the muscular branches of the femoral a supply |
|
Definition
| anterior and medial compartment |
|
|
Term
| what is the largest branch of the femoral a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the origin of the profunda femoris |
|
Definition
| from femoral a in femoral triangle |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the profunda a |
|
Definition
| posterior to adductor longus, anterior to adductor brevis and megnus, terminates as 4th perforating a, pierces adductor magnus |
|
|
Term
| what does the descending genicular a do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the femoral a |
|
Definition
| medial and lateral circumflex humeral, perforating arteries, muscular |
|
|
Term
| where do the medial and lateral circumflex humeral arteries originate |
|
Definition
| from the profunda femoris near its origin |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the medial circumflex humeral |
|
Definition
| posterior between iliopsoas and pectineus |
|
|
Term
| what branches from the medial circumflex humeral |
|
Definition
| medial compartment muscles, femoru and hip joint |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the lateral circumflex humeral a |
|
Definition
| lateral t iliopsoas between branches of femoral n, posterior to satoius and rectus femoris |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the lateral circumflex humeral a |
|
Definition
| muscles of anterior compartment. femur, hip, and knee joints |
|
|
Term
| how many perforating arteries of the femoral a are there |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the perforating arteries of the femoral a pierce |
|
Definition
| adductor magnus close to its femoral insertion and anter the posterior compartment |
|
|
Term
| what is the chief blood supply to the posterior compartment of the thigh |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the femoral v begin |
|
Definition
| adductor hiatus, continuation of popliteal v |
|
|
Term
| describe the location of the femoral v to the a |
|
Definition
| first passes posterior then medial to the a |
|
|
Term
| what are the trubutaries of the femoral v |
|
Definition
| great saphenous vein, most of the branches corresponding to the femoral a |
|
|
Term
| what femoral a branches go into the great saphenous v instead of the femoral v |
|
Definition
| superificial circumflex iliac, superificial epigastic, external pudendal |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the obturator a |
|
Definition
| pelvis from the internal iliac a |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the obturator a |
|
Definition
| anterior on lateral pelvic wall with obturator nerve and vein, through obturator canal, divide into anterior and posterior |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the obturator a |
|
Definition
| to medial compartment and hip joint |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the obutrator v |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the obturator v drain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are the deep inguinal nodes in relation to vessels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the deep inguinal nodes receive |
|
Definition
| superificial inguinal node vessls that went through saphenous opening, deep structures of lower limb via vessels around femoral vessels |
|
|
Term
| where do the efferent vessels from the deep inguinal nodes go |
|
Definition
| abdomen then external iliac nodes |
|
|
Term
| what is the femoral sheath |
|
Definition
| protrusion of the abdominal fascia into the thigh |
|
|
Term
| what does the femoral seath surround |
|
Definition
| vessels and lymph NOT NERVE |
|
|
Term
| where does the femoral sheath end |
|
Definition
| about 1 in below inguinal ligament |
|
|
Term
| how is the femoral sheath divided |
|
Definition
| lateral, intermediate, and medial compartments |
|
|
Term
| what is in the lateral compaprtment of the femoral sheath |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is in the intermediate compaprtment of the femoral sheath |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is in the medial compaprtment of the femoral sheath |
|
Definition
| efferent lymph vessels from neep nodes |
|
|
Term
| what is another name for the medial compartment of the femoral sheath |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is femoral hernia likley to ocur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles that make up the hamstring |
|
Definition
| biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the posterior compartment muscles |
|
Definition
| tibial division of sciatic nerve except short head of biceps femoris which is the common fibular division |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the long head of the biceps femoris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the short head of the biceps femoris |
|
Definition
| linea aspera and lateral supercondylar line of the femur |
|
|
Term
| what is the isnertion of the biceps femoris |
|
Definition
| common tendon on head of fibula |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the biceps femoris long head |
|
Definition
| tibial division of sciatic nerve |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the biceps femoris short head |
|
Definition
| common fibular part of sciatic n |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the biceps femoris |
|
Definition
| flexion and lateral rotation of the knee, extension at the thigh and hip (long head only) |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the semitendinosus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the semitendinosus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the pes anserinus |
|
Definition
| shared expansion between satorius, feacilis, and semitendioisus that all insert on upper medial tibial shaft |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the semitendinosus |
|
Definition
| tibial division sciatice nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the semitendinosus |
|
Definition
| flexin and medial rotation of the kneed, extension ot hip |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the seminembrenosus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the semimbranosus |
|
Definition
| posterior medial condyle of the tibia, some fibers go into the oblique popliteal ligament |
|
|
Term
| where is the oblique popliteal ligament, what does it do |
|
Definition
| fibers come out of the tendon to reinforce posterior capsule of the knee joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the seminembrenosus |
|
Definition
| tibal part of sciatic nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the seminembrenosus |
|
Definition
| flexion and medial rotation of the leg at knee, extension at hip |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the sciatic nerve |
|
Definition
| deep to long biceps femoris, at midline of thig it is overlaped by margins of ciceps femoris and semimembranosus, anterior to adductus magnus |
|
|
Term
| how does the sciatic nerve end |
|
Definition
| divides into dibial and common fibular (peroneal) branches |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the sciatic nerve |
|
Definition
| tibial, common fibular, muscular |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscular branches of the tibial nerve |
|
Definition
| long biceps femoris head, semitendinosis, semimembranosus, hamstring part of adductor magnus |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscualr branches of the common fibular n |
|
Definition
| short head of the biceps femoris |
|
|
Term
| where is the popliteal fossa located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the superiolateral wall of the popliteal fossa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the superiomedial wall of the popliteal fossa |
|
Definition
| semimembranosus and semitendinosus |
|
|
Term
| what is the inferior lateral wall of the popliteal fossa |
|
Definition
| plantaris and lateral part of gastrochemius |
|
|
Term
| what is the inferior medial wall of the popliteal fossa |
|
Definition
| medial head off the gastrochemius |
|
|
Term
| what is the poterior wall / roof of the popliteal fossa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the anterior wall / floor of the popliteal fossa |
|
Definition
| femur surface, posterior knee joint 9articular capsule), popliteus muscle |
|
|
Term
| what are the contents of the popliteal fossa |
|
Definition
| popliteal vessels, termination of small saphenous v, tibial n, common fibular n, terminal posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh, genicular branch of obturator n posterior branch, popliteal nodes |
|
|
Term
| where does the popliteal a begin |
|
Definition
| at adductor hiatus form the femoral a |
|
|
Term
| where does the popliteal a end |
|
Definition
| at the inferior popliteus muscle then divides into anterior and posterior tibial a |
|
|
Term
| where is the popliteal a in the popliteal fossa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the tibial nerve in relation to the popliteal a |
|
Definition
| the nerve is posterior and lateral |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the popliteal a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the muscular branches of the popliteal a |
|
Definition
| gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, distal hamstring |
|
|
Term
| what are the genicular branches |
|
Definition
| 2 superior (medial and lateral), 2 inferior (medial and lateral), 1 middle |
|
|
Term
| what does the genicular artery supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what forms the popliteal vein |
|
Definition
| anterior and posterior tibial vein |
|
|
Term
| where does the popliteal vein end |
|
Definition
| adductor hiatus renamed into femoral v |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the popliteal v |
|
Definition
| correspond to the popliteal a, gets smaller scaphenous v |
|
|
Term
| what surrounds the popliteal nodes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the popliteal nodes recieve |
|
Definition
| superificial vessels from lateral foot and leg by small scaphenous vein, vessels with anterior and posterior tibial vessels (deep foot and leg) |
|
|
Term
| where do the efferent vessesl from the popliteal nodes go |
|
Definition
| popliteal and femoral vessels to deep inguinal nodes |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the tibial nerve |
|
Definition
| enters posterior compartment via the popliteal fossa deep to arch of soleus muscle |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the tibial nerve in the popliteal fossa |
|
Definition
| muscular, articular to knee, medial sural cutaneous |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscular branches of the tibial nerve |
|
Definition
| medial and lateral gastrochemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus |
|
|
Term
| what does the medial sural cutaneous branch do |
|
Definition
| joins sural communicating branch from the lateral sural cutaneous nerve making the sural nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the sural nerve by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the sural nerve |
|
Definition
| between 2 heads of the gastrocinemius, posterior to calcaneal tendon, posterior then inferior to lateral malleolus, to the lateral border of the foor and little toe |
|
|
Term
| what does the sural nerve supply |
|
Definition
| skin of posterior lateral leg, lateral foot and toe border |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the common fibular n |
|
Definition
| inferior and lateral in popliteal fossa by medial biceps femoris, leaves fossa superior to lateral head of fastrocenemius, lateral to fibular neck, deep to fibularis longus |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the common fibular n |
|
Definition
| superificial and deep fibular, lateral sural cutanrous |
|
|
Term
| what does the lateral sural cutaneous nerve supply |
|
Definition
| skin of upper lateral leg |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the lateral sural cutaneous n |
|
Definition
| sural communicating branch, articular branch to knee |
|
|
Term
| what does the sural commonicating branch do |
|
Definition
| join medial sural cutaneous forming sural nerve |
|
|
Term
| what provides cutaneous innervation to the anterior superolateral surface of the leg |
|
Definition
| lateral sural cutaneous n |
|
|
Term
| what provides cutaneous innervation to the anterior inferolateral surface of the leg |
|
Definition
| superificial fibular nerve |
|
|
Term
| what provides cutaneous innervation to the anterior medial surface of the leg |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what provides cutaneous innervation to the posterior superolateral surface of the leg |
|
Definition
| lateral sural cutaneous nerve |
|
|
Term
| what provides cutaneous innervation to the posterior inferolateral surface of the leg |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what provides cutaneous innervation to the posterior medial surface of the leg |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the deep fascia of the leg continous with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the anterior and posterior intermuscular septa pass to and from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the interosseous membrane of the leg pass to and from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the interosseous membrane of the leg |
|
Definition
| binds tibia and fibula, provides attachment for neighboring muscles |
|
|
Term
| what are the compartments of the leg |
|
Definition
| anterior, lateral, posterior |
|
|
Term
| which compartment of the leg is further divided, how |
|
Definition
| superificial and deep transverse intermuscular septum |
|
|
Term
| what forms the flexor retinacula of ankle |
|
Definition
| thickening of deep fascia |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the flexor ratinacula of the ankle |
|
Definition
| keep long tendons in position and act as a modified pully |
|
|
Term
| what are the extensor retinacula of the ankle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the superior extensor retinaculum attach do |
|
Definition
| distal anterior tibia and fibula |
|
|
Term
| what is the shape of the inferior extensor retinaculum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the stem of the inferior extensor retinaculum attached to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the upper part of the inferior extensor retinaculum attached to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the lower part of the inferior extensor retinaculum attached to |
|
Definition
| medial foot and continous with plantar fascia |
|
|
Term
| where is the flexor retinaculum of the leg located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor retinaculum extend to and from |
|
Definition
| medial malleolus to medial calcaneus |
|
|
Term
| where are the fibular retinacula |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the superior fibular retinacula extend to and from |
|
Definition
| lateral malleolus to lateral calcaneus |
|
|
Term
| what does the inferior fibular retinaculum extend to and from |
|
Definition
| fibular trochlea of calcaneus to lateral calcaneus superior and inferior to fibular trochlea |
|
|
Term
| what are the superificial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg |
|
Definition
| gastronecemius, soleus, plantaris |
|
|
Term
| what are the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg |
|
Definition
| popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior |
|
|
Term
| what seperates the superificial and deep muscules of the posterior compartment of the leg |
|
Definition
| transverse intermuscular septum |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg innervated by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius |
|
Definition
| lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and distal end of lateral supracondylar line of femur |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the medial head of the gastrocnemius |
|
Definition
| popliteal surface of femur above the medial condyle |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the gastrocnemius |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is involved in the achilles tendon |
|
Definition
| common tendon for soleus and gastrocnemius |
|
|
Term
| what is another name for achilles tendon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the achilles tendon insert |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the gastrocnemius |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the gastrocnemius |
|
Definition
| plantar flexion at ankle, assist in flexion of leg at knee |
|
|
Term
| where is the soleus located in relation to the gastrocnemius |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the soleus |
|
Definition
| soleal line, middle third of tibia, posterior head of fibula, upper third posterior shaft fibula, tendinous arch between tibial and fibular attachments |
|
|
Term
| what is the isnertion of the soleus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the soleus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the soleus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the plantaris |
|
Definition
| lateral supracondylar line of femur |
|
|
Term
| where os the origin of the plantaris in relation to other origins near it |
|
Definition
| above origin of lateral head of gastrocnemius |
|
|
Term
| describe the relation of the plantaris to other muscles |
|
Definition
| tendon passes inferior and medial between gastrocnemius and soleus, descends on medial border of calcaneal tendon (occasionally with it) |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of plantaris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the plantaris |
|
Definition
| plantar flexion, flexion at knee |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the flexor digitorum longus |
|
Definition
| posterior shaft tibia, inferior to soleal line |
|
|
Term
| what is the relation of the flexor digitorum longus to the other muscles around it, describe its path to insertion |
|
Definition
| posterior to medial malleolus, under flexor retinaculum, enters sole of foor and divides into 4 tendons, passes under flexor digitorum brevis slips |
|
|
Term
| where does the flexor digitorum longus insert |
|
Definition
| base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the flexor digitorum longus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the flexor digitorum longus |
|
Definition
| flexion of toes, plantar flexion, support longitudinal arch |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the flexor hallucis longus |
|
Definition
| lower 2/3 of posterior surface of shaft fibula |
|
|
Term
| describe the path and relations of the flexor hallucis longus to its insertion |
|
Definition
| in groove between medial and lateral tubercles of posterior process talus, posterior to medial malleolus, under flexor retinaculum, inferior to sustentaculum tali, anterior in sole of foot |
|
|
Term
| where does the flexor hallucis longus insert |
|
Definition
| base of fistal phalanx big toe |
|
|
Term
| what innervates flexor hallicus longus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the flexor hallicus longus |
|
Definition
| flexion big toe, plantar flexion, support medial longitudinal arch |
|
|
Term
| what is the most deep muscle of the posterior compartment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the origin of the tibialis posterior in relation to other muscles |
|
Definition
| between and overlaped by flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the tibialis posterior |
|
Definition
| posterior shaft tibia inferior to soleal line, upper posterior shaft of fibula, interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
| describe the path or relation of the tibialis posterior to other structures on its way to its insertion |
|
Definition
| tendon is anterior (or deep) to flexor digitorum longus, posterior to medial malleolus, under flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| where does the tibialis posterior insert |
|
Definition
| tuberosity of navicular and slips into cuboid, cuneiformis, bases of metacarpals 2 and 4 |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the tibialis posterior |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the tibialis posterior |
|
Definition
| plantar flexion, inversion of foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints, support medial longitudinal arch of foot |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the slips of the tibialis posterior |
|
Definition
| hold bones of foot together |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the popliteus |
|
Definition
| in capsule of knee from lateral condyle of femur and some lateral meniscus |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the popliteus |
|
Definition
| posterior shaft tibia, superior soleal line |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the popliteus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the popliteus if the foot is off the ground |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the popliteus if the foot is on the ground |
|
Definition
| lateral rotation of the femur |
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the popliteus regardless of the foot |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what i the posterior tibial a a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the posterior tibial a begin |
|
Definition
| lower border of poplitrus m |
|
|
Term
| what is the path of the posterior tibial a |
|
Definition
| inferior in deep posterior compartment, under transverse intermuscular septum,posterior to medial alleolus, under flexor retinaculum, |
|
|
Term
| where is the posterior tibial a most superificial |
|
Definition
| after going through flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| how does the posterior tibial a terminate |
|
Definition
| dividing into medial and lateral planter arteries |
|
|
Term
| where does the fibular a originate |
|
Definition
| from proximal posterior tibial a |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the fibular a |
|
Definition
| posterior to fibula, within flexor hallucis longus or between it and tibialis posterior, |
|
|
Term
| what does the fibular a supply |
|
Definition
| posterior and lateral compartment of the leg, distal branches to ankle, heel |
|
|
Term
| what are the distal branches to the ankle and heel off the fibular a |
|
Definition
| perforating, communicating, posterior lateral malleolar, and lateral calcaneal branches) |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the circumflex fibular a |
|
Definition
| lateral around neck of fibula, anastomosis around knee |
|
|
Term
| what a supplies muscles of the posterior compartment |
|
Definition
| muscular branches of the posterior tibial a |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the posterior tibial a |
|
Definition
| gibular, circumflex fibular, muscular, posterior medial malleolar, medial calcaneal, medial plantar, lateral plantar |
|
|
Term
| where does the posterior medial malleolar branch of the tibial a end |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the medial calcaneal branches of the posterior tibial a supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the tibial n path in the leg |
|
Definition
| descrnds through popliteal fossa, under tendinous arch of soleus, inferior in deep part of posterior compartment, under stransverse intermuscular septum, posterior to medial melleolus, under flexor retinaculum |
|
|
Term
| what accompanies the tibial n |
|
Definition
| posterior tibial a and veins |
|
|
Term
| how does the tibial n terminate |
|
Definition
| divides into medial and lateral plantar nerves |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the tibial n |
|
Definition
| muscular, medial calcaneal, articular to ankle, medial plantar, lateral plantar |
|
|
Term
| what does the medial calcaneal branches of the tibial n supply |
|
Definition
| skin of medial and inferior aspects of heel |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg |
|
Definition
| tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertius |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg innervated by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the tibialis anterior |
|
Definition
| lateral condyle of tibia, upper lateral shaft tibia, interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the tibialis anterior |
|
Definition
| medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1 |
|
|
Term
| where is teh tibialis anterior in teh ankle |
|
Definition
| under extensor retinacula |
|
|
Term
| what does the tibialis anterior supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the tibialis anterior |
|
Definition
| dorsiflexion of ankle, inversion of foor at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints, assist sin holding up medial longitudinal arch of foot |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the extensor digitorum longus |
|
Definition
| lateral condyle of tibia, upper 3.4 of the anterior shaft fibula, interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
| where is the extensor digitorum longus in the ankle |
|
Definition
| under extensor retinacula |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the extensor digitorum longus |
|
Definition
| divides into 4 slips on dorsal surface form extensor expansions, the then divide into 3 slips each and insert into middle phalanx, two lateral slips join and insert into base of distal phalanx |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the extensor digitorum longus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the extensor digitorum longus |
|
Definition
| extend lateral 4 toes, dorsiflexion of foot at ankle |
|
|
Term
| what is the orogin of the extensor hallucis longus |
|
Definition
| middle anterior shaft fibula and interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the extensor hallicus longus |
|
Definition
| tendon passes under extensor retinacula and inserts into base of distal phalanx of big toe |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the extensor hallicus longus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the extensor hallicus longus |
|
Definition
| extend big toe, dorsiflex foot at ankle, inverts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsel joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the orogin of the fibularis teritus |
|
Definition
| lower anterior shaft fibula, interossorus membrane |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the fibularis tertius |
|
Definition
| dorsal shaft base metacarpal 5 |
|
|
Term
| where is the fibularis tertius in the ankle |
|
Definition
| under extensor retinacula |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the fibularis tertius |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the fibular tertius |
|
Definition
| dorsiflexion of the foot at ankle, eversion of foot at sibtalar and transverse joints |
|
|
Term
| what is the anterior tibial a a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the anterior tibial a begin |
|
Definition
| lower border of popliteus m |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the anterior tibial a |
|
Definition
| forward intoa nterior compartment of leg, through oprning in upper interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
| where is the anterior tibial a in the upper 2/3 of the leg |
|
Definition
| descends on interosseous membrane covered by anterior compartment muscles |
|
|
Term
| where is the anterior tibial a in the distal 1/3 of the leg |
|
Definition
| anterior to ribia covered by skin and fasciae |
|
|
Term
| what is the anterior tibial a accompanied by |
|
Definition
| deep fiblar n and anterior tibial veins |
|
|
Term
| describe the location of the anterior tibial a at the ankle |
|
Definition
| crossed anterior by tendon of extensor hallucis longus |
|
|
Term
| where is the anterior tibial a distal to the ankle |
|
Definition
| continues as dorsalis pedis a |
|
|
Term
| what are the branche sof the anterior tibial a |
|
Definition
| muscular, knee and ankle joint anastomosis, |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the anterial tibial a that anastomosis at knee |
|
Definition
| anterior and posterior tibial |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the anterial tibial a that anastomosis at ankle |
|
Definition
| anterior medial and anterior lateral malleolar |
|
|
Term
| what is the deep fibular n a branch od |
|
Definition
| terminal branch of common fibular n |
|
|
Term
| where does the deep fibular nerve begin |
|
Definition
| deep to fibularis longus, lateral to neck of fibula |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the deep fibular n |
|
Definition
| pierces anterior intermuscular septum to anterior compartment, continues onto dorsum of doot |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the deep fibular n |
|
Definition
| muscula,r articular to ankle |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg |
|
Definition
| fibularis longus, fibularis brevis, |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg innervated byu |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the superificial muscle of the lateral compartment of the leg |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the fibularis longus |
|
Definition
| lateral surface of head of fibular and upper lalteral surface of shafe of fibula |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the fibularis longus |
|
Definition
| medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1 |
|
|
Term
| what is the path of the fibularis longus to its insertion, what is it next to and sch |
|
Definition
| posterior to lateral melleolus, anterior and inferior on lateral surface of calcaneus, around cuboid and enters groove on its inferior surface, crosses sole of foot from lateral to medial |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the fibularis longus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the fibularis longus |
|
Definition
| plantar flexion, eversion at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints, maintain lateral longitudinal and transverse foot arches |
|
|
Term
| what is the orogin of the fibularis brevis |
|
Definition
| lower lateral shaft fibula |
|
|
Term
| what is the path of the fibularis brevis to its insertion, what does it tun by |
|
Definition
| posterior and in contact with lateral melleolus, anterior and inferior on lateral calcaneus, |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the fibularis brevis |
|
Definition
| tuberosity of base of metacarpal 5 |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the fibularis brevis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the action of the fibularis vrevis |
|
Definition
| plantar flexion, eversion of foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints, holds lateral longitudinal arch of foot |
|
|
Term
| what can cause an avulsion fraction of the tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal |
|
Definition
| when foot is suddenly inverted and the tuberosity is torn away from tendon of fibularis brevis, severly sprained ankle |
|
|
Term
| what is the chief source of blood to the lateral compartment of the leg |
|
Definition
| fibular and anterior tibial arteries |
|
|
Term
| how do branches of the fibular a get into the lateral compartment |
|
Definition
| pierce posterior intermuscular septum |
|
|
Term
| how do branches of anterior tibial a get into the lateral compartment |
|
Definition
| pierce anterior intermuscular septum |
|
|
Term
| what is the superificial fibular nerve a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the superificial fibualr n begin |
|
Definition
| between fibularis longus and fibularis brevis |
|
|
Term
| where does the superificial fibular nerve become superificial |
|
Definition
| pierces deep facia in lower leg |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the superificial fibular n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the muscular branches of the superificial fibular n supply |
|
Definition
| fibularis longus and brevis |
|
|
Term
| what do the cutaneous branches of the superificial fibular n supply |
|
Definition
| skin of lower anteriolateral leg, dorsum mof foot and dorsal surface of big toe, |
|
|
Term
| what supplies cutaneous innervation to the lateral little toe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what supplies cutaneous innervation to the adjacent sides of big toe and 2nd toes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what structures are anterior to the ankle and superificial to the extensor retinacula |
|
Definition
| saphenous n, great sapheous v, branches of superificial fibular n |
|
|
Term
| what passes anterior to ankle and deep of through extensor retinacula |
|
Definition
| tendon of tibialis anterior, extensor hallucus ongus, extensor digitorum longus, fibularis tertius. anterior tibial a and v, deep fibula n |
|
|
Term
| what passes posterior to medial malleolus and deep to flexor retinaculum from anterior to posterior |
|
Definition
| tendon of tibialis posteriorn, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus. posterior tibial a and v, tibial n |
|
|
Term
| what psses posterior and lateral to malleolus and superificial to superior fibular retinaculum |
|
Definition
| sural n, small saphenous v |
|
|
Term
| what passes posteriot to lateral malleolus and deep to superior fibular retinaculum |
|
Definition
| tendon of fibularis brevis and longus |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the arches of the foor |
|
Definition
| enable for it to be able to adapt to uneven surfaces and a spring to absorb shock |
|
|
Term
| describe the skin on the sole of the foot |
|
Definition
| hairless, thick, bound to fascia by CT |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the medial heel |
|
Definition
| median cutaneous branch of the tibial n |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the middle 2/3 of the sole of the foot |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the lateral 1/3 of the sole of the foot |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the plantar aponeurosis made of |
|
Definition
| thickening of fascia to protect |
|
|
Term
| what is the apex of the plantar oponeurosis connected to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the base of the plantar aponeurosis attached to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the transverse metacarpal ligaments connect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are the digital bands |
|
Definition
| distal to the metatarsal heads |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the muscles of the sole of the foot |
|
Definition
| not a delicate function, support arch, not many people can control toes |
|
|
Term
| what muscles are in the first layer of the foot |
|
Definition
| abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the abductor hallucis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the abductor hallucis connect to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the flexor digitorum brevis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor didigotum brevis do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor digitorum brevis connect do and from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the abductor hallucis do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the abductor digiti minimi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the abductor digiti minimi connect to and from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the abductor digiti minimi do |
|
Definition
| flex little toe and abduct it |
|
|
Term
| what muscles are in the second layer of the sole of the foot |
|
Definition
| quadratus plantae and lumbricals |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the quadratus plantae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the quadratus plantae connect do and from |
|
Definition
| calcaneus to tendon of the flexor digitorum longus |
|
|
Term
| what is the fnction of the quadratus plantae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the medial most doe of the lumbricals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what flexes the lateral 3 toes of the lumbricals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the lumbricals of the foot attach do |
|
Definition
| tnedon flexor digitorum longus to expansion |
|
|
Term
| what do the lumbricals of the foot do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the msucles of the third layer of the sole |
|
Definition
| flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis |
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor hallucis brevis attach to and from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the flexor hallucis brevis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor hallucis brevis do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the oblique head og adductor hallucis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the transverse head of the adductor hallucis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the adductor hallus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the adductor hallucis |
|
Definition
| deep branch of lateral plantar nerve |
|
|
Term
| what does the adductor hallucis do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor digit minimi brevis attach to and from |
|
Definition
| metatarsal 5 to phalynx 5 |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the flexor digiti minimi brevis |
|
Definition
| superificial branch of lateral plantar n |
|
|
Term
| what does the flexor digiti minimi do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the 4th layer of the sole |
|
Definition
| plantar interossei and dorsal interossei |
|
|
Term
| what does the plantar interossei attach to and from |
|
Definition
| metatarsals 3-5 to phalanges |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation of the plantar interossei |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the plantar interossei do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the dorsal interossei attach to and from |
|
Definition
| matatarsal 1-5 to the medial side of digit 2, lateral side of 2-4 |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the dorsal interossei of the sole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the dorsal interossei of the sole do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the skin of the dorsum of the foot |
|
Definition
| thin, hairy, freely movable |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the dorsum of the foot medial big toe and adjacent sides of 2-5 toes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what nerve innervates the dorsal adjacent sides of the big and 2 toes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the skin on the medial border of the foot as fat as the head of metatarsal 1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the dorsal skin on the lateral border of the foot and lateral aspect of the toe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the dorusm of the foot |
|
Definition
| extensor digitorum brevis, extensor hallucis brevis |
|
|
Term
| what does the extensor digitorum brevis attach to and from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the extensor digotorum brevis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the extensor digitorum brevis do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the extensor hallucis brevis attach to and from |
|
Definition
| common origin with extensor digitorum brevus to big toe |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the extensor hallucis brevis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the extensor hallucis brevis do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the medial plantar a a terminal branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the medial plantar a enter the sole of the foot |
|
Definition
| deep to abductor hallucis |
|
|
Term
| within the sole of the foot what does the medial plantar a run between |
|
Definition
| abductor hallucis and flexor digitorum brevis |
|
|
Term
| what is the medial plantar a accompanied by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the terminal part of the medial plantar a supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the medial plantar a |
|
Definition
| cutaneous, muscular, small digital |
|
|
Term
| where are the small digital branches, what do they supply |
|
Definition
| join the plantar metatarsal a and supply the toes |
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral plantar a a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the lateral plantar a enter the sole of the foot |
|
Definition
| deep to abductor hallucis |
|
|
Term
| where does the lateral plantar a run in the for |
|
Definition
| between flexor digitorum brevis and quadratus plantae |
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral plantar a accompanied by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the lateral plantar a do when it gets to the metatarsals |
|
Definition
| at the 5th it curves medially deep to oblique head of adductor hallucis forming plantar arch |
|
|
Term
| where does the plantar arch end |
|
Definition
| proximal 1st interosseous space, anastomosis with deep plantar branch of dorsalis pedis a |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the lateral plantar a |
|
Definition
| muscular, cutaneous, plantar medatarsala, posterior perforating |
|
|
Term
| where do the plantar metatarsal a of the lateral plantar a originate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what branches off the plantar metatarsal a of the lateral plantar arteries, where do they go |
|
Definition
| plantar digital arteries to the toes |
|
|
Term
| where are the posterior perforating branches of the lateral plantar a |
|
Definition
| pass dorsal between metatarsals and anastomose with dorsal metatarsal a on dorsum of the foot |
|
|
Term
| what is the medial plantar n a branch od |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the medial plantar n enter the sole of the foot |
|
Definition
| deep to abductor hallucis |
|
|
Term
| where does the planter n run in the foot |
|
Definition
| anterior beterrn abductor hallucis and flexor digitorum brevis |
|
|
Term
| what is the plantar n accompanied by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral plantar n a branch of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the lateral plantar n enter the sole of the foot |
|
Definition
| deep to abductor hallucis |
|
|
Term
| where does the lateral plantar n run within the sole of the foot |
|
Definition
| between flexor digitorum brecis and quadratus plantar |
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral plantar nerve accompanied by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens when the lateral plantar n reaches the metatarsals |
|
Definition
| at the base of metatarsal 5 it divides into superificial and deep |
|
|
Term
| where is the dorsal venous arch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the dorsal venous arch drain into medially |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the dorsal venous arch drain into laterally |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the dorsal pedis a begin |
|
Definition
| at ankle as a continuation of anterior tibial |
|
|
Term
| where is the dorsal pedis a in the foot |
|
Definition
| superificial on dorsum with deep fibular n, between tendon of extensor hallucis longus and tendons of extensor digitorum longus |
|
|
Term
| where does the dorsal pedis a end |
|
Definition
| between 1 and 2 metatarsals by dividiig into dorsal metatarsal a and deep plantar a |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the dorsal pedis a |
|
Definition
| medial and lateral tarsal, arcuate, 2-4 dorsal metatarsals, dorsal digital for lateral 2-5 toes |
|
|
Term
| describe the path of the arcuate a |
|
Definition
| deep to tendons of extensor digitorum longus, across bases of metatarsals |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the 1st metatarsal a |
|
Definition
| dorsal digital a for the big toe and medial 2nd toe |
|
|
Term
| what completes the plantar arch on the medial side |
|
Definition
| deep plantar a passes into sole between two heads of 1st dorsal interosseus m |
|
|
Term
| where does the deep fibular n enter the foot |
|
Definition
| dorusm lateral of dorsalis pedis a and divides into medial and lateral branches |
|
|
Term
| what does the lateral branch od the deep fibular n innervate |
|
Definition
| extensor digitorum brevis, extensor hallucis brevis |
|
|
Term
| what does the medial branch of the deep fibular n innervate |
|
Definition
| skin of adjacent sides of big tow and 2nd toe |
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is the hip joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what articulates in the hip joint |
|
Definition
| head of femur and acetabulum of hip bone |
|
|
Term
| what is hte acetabular notch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what s the fibrocartilage rib in the acetabelum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the acetabular labrum bridge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what strengthens the acetabular notch |
|
Definition
| transverse acetabular ligament |
|
|
Term
| what lines the joint capusle of the hip joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the strongest ligament in the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the shape of the iliofemoral ligament |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the iliofemoral ligament attached to |
|
Definition
| AIIS to intertrochanteric line |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the iliofemoral ligament |
|
Definition
| prevents overextension of the hip during standing |
|
|
Term
| what is the pubofemoral ligament attached to |
|
Definition
| superior ramus of pubis and lower intertrochanteric line |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the pubofemoral ligament |
|
Definition
| limits extension and abduction |
|
|
Term
| what shape is the ischiofemoral ligament |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the ischiofemoral ligament attached to |
|
Definition
| body of ischium and greater trochanter |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the ligament of the head of the femur attached to |
|
Definition
| head of femur at the fovea capitis and to the transverse acetabular ligament |
|
|
Term
| why is it hard to dislocate the hip joint |
|
Definition
| because the intrinsic ligaments are so strong |
|
|
Term
| what is a congenital change that could compormise hip joint |
|
Definition
| upper lip of acetabulum may fail to form and head of femur may dislocate rostrally |
|
|
Term
| in what demographic does the femur fracture more in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the head and neck of the femur recieve blood from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what anastomosis with the branches of the obturator a at the head of the femur |
|
Definition
| medial and lateral femoral circumflex a |
|
|
Term
| in an fracture of the hip joint, what arteries are disturbed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens if the obturator a is disturbed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is the knee jount |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what articulates in the knee joint |
|
Definition
| condyles of the femur and ribia |
|
|
Term
| what bones are involved in the knee joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why does the stability of the knee joint depend on ligaments |
|
Definition
| femur only abuts on the tibia |
|
|
Term
| where is teh capsule of the knee joint |
|
Definition
| posterior and lateral sides, no anterior |
|
|
Term
| what is the knee joint covered by anteriorly |
|
Definition
| patellar ligament and quadriceps tendon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bag of synovial fluid that is lined with a synovial membrane |
|
|
Term
| what are the bursae of the knee |
|
Definition
| suprapatellar, prepatellar, superificial infrapatellar |
|
|
Term
| what are the bursa of the knee connected to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the suprapatellar bursa |
|
Definition
| outpockering of the synovial cavity of the knee |
|
|
Term
| where is the prepatellar burse, what is it made of |
|
Definition
| subcutaneous tissue between skiin and patella |
|
|
Term
| where is the superificial infrapatellar bursa |
|
Definition
| between skin and patellar ligemnt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the bursae |
|
|
Term
| what is prepatellar bursitis called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is superificial infrapatellar bursa bursitis called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the extracapsular ligaments of the knee |
|
Definition
| patellar, lateral (fibular) collateral, medial (tibial) collateral |
|
|
Term
| what is the patellar ligament attached to |
|
Definition
| above to patella below to tibial tuberosity |
|
|
Term
| what is the lateral collateral ligament of the knee attached to |
|
Definition
| above to lateral condyle of femur and below to head of fibula |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the lateral collateral ligament |
|
Definition
| prevents movement of the tibia medially |
|
|
Term
| what is the medial collateral ligament of the knee attached to |
|
Definition
| above to medial condyle of the femur and below to shaft of the tibia. also to medial meniscus |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the medial collateral ligament of the knee |
|
Definition
| prevent movement of the tibia laterally |
|
|
Term
| what is the anterior cruciate ligament attached to |
|
Definition
| anterior inercondylar region of the tibia to the medial side of the lateral femoral condyle |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the anterior cruciate ligament |
|
Definition
| prevents movement of the tibia anterior |
|
|
Term
| what is the posterior curciate ligament attaced to |
|
Definition
| posterior intercondylar reigon of the tibia to lateral medial femoral condyle |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the posterior cruciate ligament |
|
Definition
| prevents movement of the tibia posterior |
|
|
Term
| what are the intrascapular ligaments of the knee |
|
Definition
| anterior cruciate, posterior cruciate,menisci, medial and lateral meniscus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| c shaped sheet of fibrocartilage that is attached to inner side of the joint capsule |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the neisci |
|
Definition
| deepen surface of tibial condyles and act as shock absorbers |
|
|
Term
| what is the medial meniscus attached to |
|
Definition
| medial collateral ligament |
|
|
Term
| compare the medial and lateral meniscus |
|
Definition
| the lateral is more moveable |
|
|
Term
| where does the tendon of the popliteus m pass through the knee joint |
|
Definition
| between lateral meniscus and lateral collateral ligament |
|
|
Term
| what can happen in forced abduction of the tibia when the leg is flexed, what is this called |
|
Definition
| medial (tibial) collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament, and medial meniscus can tear, unhappy triad |
|
|
Term
| what links the tibia and fibula |
|
Definition
| interosseous membrane, inferior articulation |
|
|
Term
| what passes in the anterior gap of the inferior interosseous membrane in the leg |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do anterior and posterior tibio fibular ligaments joint |
|
Definition
| bones together at the ankle |
|
|
Term
| what articulates in the ankle joint |
|
Definition
| deep socket formed by lower ends ot the tibia and fibula where the upper talus fits, lower tibia, two melleoli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| on transverse axis in a hinge like manner |
|
|
Term
| what makes the ankle joint strong and stable |
|
Definition
| strength of the ligaments and shape of the bones |
|
|
Term
| what does the inferior transverse tibiofibular ligament attach to |
|
Definition
| between lateral malleolus and posterior lower tibia |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the tibiofibular ligament |
|
Definition
| deepend socket where talus fits |
|
|
Term
| what type of joint is the ankle joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the capsule of the ankle joint attached |
|
Definition
| bones near their articular margins |
|
|
Term
| what innervates the annkle joint |
|
Definition
| deep fibular and tibial nerves |
|
|
Term
| what are the ligaments of the ankle joint |
|
Definition
| medial or deltoid, lateral, |
|
|
Term
| what is the medial or deltoid ligament attached to |
|
Definition
| medial surface of the body of the talus, sustentaculum tali, plantar clacneonavicular ligament, tuberosity of navicular bone |
|
|
Term
| what are the bands of the lateral ligament |
|
Definition
| anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, posterior talofibular |
|
|
Term
| what are sprains of the ankle usually caused by |
|
Definition
| excessive inversion, anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments commonly torn |
|
|
Term
| what movements are the ankle are possible |
|
Definition
| dorsiflexion(toes up), plantar flexion (toes down) |
|
|
Term
| what muscles do dorsiflexion |
|
Definition
| tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius |
|
|
Term
| what muscles do plantar flexion |
|
Definition
| gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus |
|
|
Term
| where doe inversion eversion movements occur |
|
Definition
| subtalar joint, transverse tarsal joint |
|
|
Term
| what is the subtalar joint between |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the transverse tarsal joint between |
|
Definition
| talu and navicular bones medially, calcaneous and cuboid bones laterally |
|
|
