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Definition
| includes the 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, urinary bladder and urethra |
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Definition
| regulates the chemical composition, volume and pH of blood; filters roughly 1 liter of blood per day |
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Definition
| regulates bp and arteriole vasoconstriction by water reabsorption/ balance controlled by ADH; secreted calcitrol and erythropoietin |
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| Excretes wastes and foreign substances; produces 1.5 liters of urine a day |
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| located in the retroperitoneum; consist of a renal cortex, medulla, pyramids, papillae, columns, pelvis, major and minor clyces |
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Definition
| the functional unit of the kidneys; 3 functions- control blood concentration by removal of water and solutes, regulate bp and pH, remove toxic wastes from blood |
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Definition
| 2 major portions- renal corpuscle where blood plasma is filtered and a renal tubule where filtered fluid passes |
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Definition
| the returning of most of the filtered water and many of the filtered solutes back into the blood |
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Definition
| this helps the body retain substances like glucose, water, amino acids and ions |
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Definition
| primarily driven by electrolyte transport |
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Definition
| chemicals not needed by the body (electrolytes, ammonia, urea, creatinine and certain drugs) are discharges into the urine |
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Definition
| helps to maintain blood pH by excretion of hydrogen ions and by increasing or decreasing bicarbonate concentration |
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Definition
| made up of sodium, chloride, calcium and potassium |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA NA+; the most abundant extracellular ions; plays a pivotal role in fluid and electrolyte balance and the generation and conduction of action potentials |
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Definition
| AKA Cl-; negative ions in extracellular fluid |
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Definition
| AKA Ca++; positive extracellular ion |
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Definition
| AKA K+; most abundant intracellular ions; plays a key role in regulating the pH of body fluids and the resting membrane potential and repolarization phase of the action potential |
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Definition
| the filtration of blood by artificial means |
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Definition
| pair of 12 in long tubes that transport urine from the renal pelvis of the kidneys to the urinary bladder |
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Definition
| primary method of transportation is peristalsis |
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Definition
| located posterior to the symphysis pubis in the pelvic cavity; stores urine prior to micturition |
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Definition
| expelled from the bladder by a process called micturition |
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Definition
| located at the base of and drain into the urinary bladder via the ureteral openings |
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Term
| Internal Urethral Sphincter |
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Definition
| located in the area around the opening to the urethra; circular fibers of muscularis |
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Term
| External Urethral Sphincter |
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Definition
| located deep inside the internal urethral sphincter; composed of voluntary skeletal muscle |
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Definition
| small tube leading from the floor of the urinary bladder to the exterior of the body |
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Definition
| releases urine from the body; also serves a duct for semen in males |
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Definition
| the by-product of kidney activity; 1-2 liters excreted each day |
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Definition
| AKA UA; the physical, chemical and microscopic properties of urine reveal a great deal about the physiological state of the body |
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Definition
| evaluates the color, turbidity, odor, pH and specific gravity of the urine |
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Definition
| chemically consists of 95% water and 5% solutes normally; the solutes include urea, creatinine, uric acid, and various ions |
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Term
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Definition
| glucose, blood and large proteins should not be found here, it is abnormal if they are |
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