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Definition
| produces body movements; stabilizes body positions; regulates organ volume; produces heat; moves substances through the body |
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Definition
| striated, multinucleated and voluntary control |
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Term
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Definition
| striations are due to the position of actin and myosin protein filaments; surrounded by connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| immediately under the skin; composed of areolar and adipose tissue |
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Definition
| holds muscles together and separates them into functional groups; composed of dense irregular connective tissue |
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Definition
| connective tissue that entire muscle is wrapped in |
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Definition
| connective tissue that surrounds bundles of 10 to 100 or more muscle fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| connective tissue that wraps each muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| extension of the epimysium, perimysium and endomysium beyond the muscle fibers that attach the muscle to the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| striated, single nucleus and involuntary control |
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Term
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Definition
| connected by intercalated discs that conduct muscle action potentials from one fiber to the next |
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Term
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Definition
| autorhythmic, can contract without extrinsic stimulation and remain contracted for sustained periods of time |
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Term
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Definition
| non-striated, single nucleus and involuntary control |
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Term
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Definition
| located inside of many internal organs; contain actin and myosin but in no orderly arrangement |
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Term
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Definition
| chains of contractile units called sarcomeres; are the striations in skeletal and cardiac muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| actual contractile units of the muscle responsible for shortening during contractions |
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Term
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Definition
| borders are formed by Z discs |
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Definition
| within each sarcomere; two types- thick and thin |
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Term
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Definition
| arranged in alternating layers that give the muscle its striated appearance |
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Term
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Definition
| made of a protein called myosin; does not move in the sliding filament mechanism |
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Term
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Definition
| extends the entire length of the thick filament and gives the darker appearance of muscle striations |
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Term
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Definition
| center portion of the sarcomere linked together by the M line |
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Term
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Definition
| located in the center of each A band; contains thick but no thin filaments |
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Term
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Definition
| made of a protein called actin; does move in the sliding filament mechanism |
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Term
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Definition
| gives the lighter appearance of muscle striations |
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Term
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Definition
| contains only thin, no thick filaments; anchored to the Z discs |
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Term
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Definition
| levels of this must increase in order to bind to troponin-c, moving the tropomyosin away from binding sites on actin |
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Term
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Definition
| this and ATP are necessary for the sliding filament mechanism to occur |
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Term
| Sliding Filament Mechanism |
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Definition
| myosin heads bind to and pull on actin binding sites, causing them to slide inwards |
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Term
| Sliding Filament Mechanism |
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Definition
| actin is pulled in a ratcheting manner, pulling the thin filaments closer towards the M line which leads to the shortening of the sarcomere |
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Term
| Sliding Filament Mechanism |
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Definition
| once calcium is removed, the troponon-tropomyosin complex resumes its original shape and the sarcomeres return to their original length |
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Term
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Definition
| an electrical signal from the nervous system that stimulates a muscle so it can contract |
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Term
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Definition
| a rapid change in potential involves a depolarization (firing) followed by a repolarization (return to resting state) |
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Term
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Definition
| neuron that delivers the electrical signal to the muscle tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| a motor neuron with all the muscle fiber it stimulates |
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Term
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Definition
| area of contact between a nerve fiber and the muscle it supplies; AKA NMJ |
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Term
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Definition
| forms the border of each sarcomere; move closer together during the sliding filament mechanism |
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Term
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Definition
| center line of the sacomere |
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