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Anatomy and Physiology Ch. 8
Vocabulary
39
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/07/2015

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Term
articulation
Definition
place of union or junction between two or more bones
Term
Amphiarthroses
Definition
joints that allow only slight movement
Term
Gomphosis
Definition
a joint in which a conical process fits into a socket and is held in place by ligaments
Term
Suture
Definition
articulation in which the bones are united by a thin layer of fibrous tissue
Term
Symphysis
Definition
joints in which the bones are connected by a disc of fibrocartilage
Term
Synarthroses
Definition
joints between bones that do not allow movement
Term
Synchondrosis
Definition
joint in which two bony surfaces are connected by hyaline cartilage
Term
Syndesmosis
Definition
joint in which bones are connected by ligaments between the bones, bones move as one
Term
diarthroses
Definition
(also known as Synovial Joints)
are freely moving joints or articulations
Term
flexion
Definition
the act of bending or decreasing the angle between bones
Term
extension
Definition
the act of increasing the angle between bones and is the opposite of flexion
Term
hyperextension
Definition
increases the joint angle beyond anatomic position
Term
abduction
Definition
is moving the bones or limb away from the midline of the body
(opposite of adduction)
Term
adduction
Definition
moving the bone or limb toward the midline of the body
(opposite of abduction)
Term
rotation
Definition
the act of moving the bone around a central axis; the plane of rotational motion is perpendicular to the axis, as when rotating our head
Term
circumduction
Definition
moving the bone in such a way that the end of the bone or limb describes a circle in the air and the sides of the bone describe a cone in the air
Term
supination
Definition
moving the bones of the forearm so that the radius and ulna are parallel
Term
pronation
Definition
moving the bones of the forearm so that the radius and ulna are not parallel
Term
eversion
Definition
moving the sole of the foot outward at the ankle
Term
inversion
Definition
moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle
Term
protraction
Definition
moving a part of the body backward on a plane parallel to the ground
Term
retraction
Definition
moving a part of the body backward on a plane parallel to the ground
Term
elevation
Definition
raising a part of the body
Term
depression
Definition
lowering a part of the body
Term
opposition
Definition
movement that occurs only with the thumb and is unique to primates.
It occurs when the tip of the thumb and the fingers are brought together.
Term
reposition
Definition
occurs when the digits return to their normal positions
Term
ball-and-socket joint
Definition
a type of synovial or diarthrosis joint, also called a multiaxial joint, like the shoulder or hip joint
Term
bursae
Definition
closed sacs with a synovial membrane
Term
condyloid joint
Definition
a type of synovial joint, also called an ellipsoidal joint, like the wrist
Term
dorsiflexion
Definition
raising the foot up at the ankle root
Term
fascia
Definition
layer of areolar tissue covering the whole muscle trunk
Term
gliding joint
Definition
a type of synovial joint found in the spine
Term
hinge joint
Definition
a type of synovial joint, like the knee or elbow
Term
pivot joint
Definition
a type of synovial joint, like the joint between the atlas and axis vertebrae
Term
plantar flexion
Definition
pushing the foot down at the ankle joint
Term
saddle joint
Definition
a type of synovial joint, the carpal metacarpal joint in the thumb
Term
subcutaneous bursae
Definition
found under the skin
Term
subfascial bursae
Definition
located between the muscles
Term
subtendinous bursae
Definition
found where one tendon overlies another tendon
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