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Anatomy and Physiology Apologia Module 7
Flashcards for Advanced Biology
24
Anatomy
11th Grade
11/19/2013

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Cards

Term
Nerves
Definition
Bundles of neuron cell bodies that are found outside the CNS
Term
Ganglia
Definition
Collections of neuron cell bodies that are found outsie the CNS
Term
Spinal Nerves
Definition
Nerves that originate from the spinal cord
Term
Cranial Nerves
Definition
Nerves that originate from the brain
Term
Afferent Neurons
Definition
Neurons that transmit action potentioals from the sensory organs to the CNS
Term
Efferent Neurons
Definition
Neurons that transmit action potentials from CNS to the effector organs
Term
Somatic Motor Nervous System
Definition
PNS neurons that transmit action portentials from the CNS to skeletal muscles
Term
Autonomic Nervous System
Definition
PNS neutons that transmit action potentials from the CNS to smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands
Term
Sypathetic Division
Definition
Division of the ANS that generally prepares the body for increased energy expenditure
Term
Parasympathetic Division
Definition
Division of the ANS that regulates resting and nutrition-related functions such as digestion, defecation, and urination
Term
Association Neuron
Definition
A neuton that conducts action potentials from one neuton to another neuron within the CNS
Term
Excitability
Definition
The ability to undergo an action potential in response to a stimulus
Term
Potential Difference
Definition
A measure of the charge difference across the cell membrane
Term
CNS
Definition
Central Nervous System
Term
PNS
Definition
Peripheral Nervous System
Term
Neuroglia
Definition
Neuroglia is the "connective tissue" of the nervous system
Term
Oligodendrocyte
Definition
Binds together and insulates CNS neurons
Term
Schwann Cell
Definition
Insulates PNS neurons
Term
Microglia
Definition
Fight infection with phagosytosis
Term
Astrocyte
Definition
Form the blood-brain barrier. The Astrocytes and specialized cells in the capillaries mediate what can get out of the blood and into the surrounding tissue and vice-versa
Term
Ependymal Cells (2 types)
Definition
Ciliated cells move cerebrospinal fluid, while non-ciliated cells secrete cerebrospinal fluid
Term
Three Types of Nerves
Definition
Afferent (sensory), Efferent (motor), and mixed.
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