Term
| Which direction do Arteries Carry blood? |
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Definition
| Away from the heart; all arteries except pulmonary artery carry oxygenated blood. |
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Term
| Which type of blood do veins carry? |
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Definition
| Veins carry blood toward the heart; all veins except the pulmonary veins carry deoxygenated blood. |
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Term
| Major function of the pericardial sac: |
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Definition
| Sac-like structure that protects the heart against friction. |
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Term
| How many flaps are in the mitral valve? |
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Definition
| Aka bicuspid (left AV valve) 2 flaps |
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Term
| Where can a pulse be felt? |
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Definition
| Wherever an artery lies near the surface and over a bone or other firm structure. |
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Term
| The blood flow from the pulmonary arteries: |
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Definition
| Carries blood to the heart. |
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Term
| Blood flow from the lungs to the heart: |
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Definition
| Carried by pulmonary veins (oxygenated blood) |
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Term
| Right atrioventricular valves: |
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Definition
AKA Tricuspid valve-guards the right AV (atrioventricular) orifice.
Has 3 flaps |
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Term
| Left atrioventricular valves: |
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Definition
| AKA Bicuspid, or mitral-similar in structure to tricuspid valve except has only 2 flaps. |
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Term
| Another name for Atrioventricular bundles: |
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Definition
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Term
| Another name for Pulmonary valve: |
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Definition
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Term
| Another name for aortic valves: |
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Definition
| The semi lunar valve at the entrance of the aorta |
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Term
| Another name for SA node: |
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Definition
| Sinotrial node (pacemaker of the heart) |
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Term
| Another name for tricuspid: |
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Definition
| Right AV (atrioventricular) valve |
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Term
| Name the layers of the heart from deep to superficial: |
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Definition
| Endocardium, Myocardium, Epicardium |
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Term
| What has the thickest wall in the myocardium? |
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Definition
I am PRETTY sure she is referencing the epicardium layer because the endocardium layer is a delicate.
OR
The ventricular myocardium is thicker than the myocardium of the atria because great force must be generated to pump the blood a large distance. AND the myocardium of the left ventricle is thicker than the right because it must push blood further. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used for feeling the pulse in the neck. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used for taking a pulse in the wrist. |
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Term
What drains into the inferior vena cava?
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Definition
| Venous blood from the lower extremities and abdomen. |
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Term
| What drains into the superior vena cava? |
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Definition
| Venous blood from the head, neck upper extremities, and thoracic cavity (except for lungs) |
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Term
| An electrocardiogram is measured by what kind of activity? |
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Definition
The heart's electrical activity, its conduction of impulses;
It is a record of the electrical events that precede the contractions of the heart. |
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Term
| The layer of blood vessels from exterior to interior. |
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Definition
- Tunica externa (tunica adventitia)-external layer, found in arteries and veins.
- Tunica media-middle layer, found in arteries and veins.
- Tunica intima-internal layer, found in all blood vessels; only layer present in capillaries.
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Term
| First step in the conduction sequence to contract the heart: |
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Definition
- After being generated by the SA node, each impulse travels through the muscle fibers of both atria, which begin to contract.
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Term
| Second step in the conduction sequence to contract the heart: |
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Definition
- As the action potential enters the AV node from the right atrium, its conduction slows to allow complete contraction of both atrial chambers before the impulse reaches the ventricles.
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Term
| Third step in the conduction sequence to contract the heart: |
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Definition
- After the AV node, conduction velocity increases as the impulse is relayed through the AV bundle into the ventricles.
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Term
| Fourth step in the conduction sequence to contract the heart: |
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Definition
- Right and left branches of the bundle fibers and subendocardial branches (Purkinje fibers) conduct the impulses throughout the muscles of both ventricles, stimulating them to contract almost simultaneously.
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Term
| The order of blood flow through the vessels: |
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Definition
| Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. |
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Term
| Which artery in the arm is used for measuring blood pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Sac-like structure that covers and protects the heart consisting of 2 layers: Fibrous pericardium and Serous pericardium. |
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Term
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Definition
| Short, sharp sound; thought to be caused by vibration of the closing of SL valves (relaxation of ventricles; second sound) |
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Term
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Definition
| First sound; believed to be caused primarily by the contraction of the ventricles and vibrations of the closing AV valves. |
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Term
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Definition
Difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Aka pulse beat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Delicate inner layer of endothelial tissue surrounding the heart. |
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Term
| Describe the anatomical location of the heart: |
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Definition
| It lies posteriorly and rests on the bodies of T5-T8 |
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Term
| Describe the heart at birth: |
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Definition
| Transverse and appears large in proportion to the diameter of the chest cavity. |
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Term
| Function of the AV (atrioventricular valves): |
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Definition
| Prevent blood from flowing back into the atria from the ventricles when the ventricles contract. |
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Term
| Function of semilunar valves: |
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Definition
Half-moon-shaped flaps growing out from the lining of the pulmonary artery and aorta.
Prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles from the aorta and pulmonary artery. |
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Term
| Ventricles receive blood from branches of both ______ and _______ _______ arteries. |
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Definition
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Term
| Largest artery in the body: |
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Definition
| Elastic (e.g. aorta and its major branches) |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormally widened section of an artery due to a weakening of the arterial wall. |
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Term
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Definition
| Arterioles (resistance vessels) |
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Term
| Describe order of pulmonary circulation: |
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Definition
- Venous blood moves from right atrium to right ventricle to pulmonary artery to lung arterioles and capillaries, where gases are exchanged;
- Oxygenated blood returns to left atrium by pulmonary veins
- From left atrium, blood enters the left ventricle
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Term
| All main arteries branch of the _______, which continue to rebranch forming _______ and then __________. |
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Definition
| Aorta, arterioles, then capillaries. |
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Term
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Definition
| Blockage or weakening of critical arteries. |
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Term
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Definition
| Collection of mechanisms that influence the dynamic (active and changing) circulation of blood. |
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Term
| 4 major structures of the heart: |
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Definition
- Sinoatrial (SA) node-pacemaker of the heart
- Atriventricular (AV) node
- AV bundle (bundle of His)
- Subendocardial branches (Purkinje fibers)
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Term
| _______ valves (left and right atrium) are open; _______ valves (aorta and pulmonary) are closed. |
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Definition
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Term
| The first heart sound is heard during this period during an ECG. |
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Definition
| Isovolumetric ventricular contraction |
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Term
| The second heart sound is heard during this period during an ECG. |
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Definition
| Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure gradient needed to maintain blood flow through a local tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| Volume of blood pumped out of the heart per unit of time (ml/min or L/min) |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood escapes from artery in spurts because of alternating increase and decrease of arterial blood pressure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood flows slowly and steadily because of low, nearly constant pressure. |
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