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| relatively constant internal environment |
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"a cutting open"
study of internal and external structures of the body |
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study of how living organisms perform their vital functions;
function of anatomical structures |
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word roots, prefixes, suffixes, and combining
forms to construct terms related to the body |
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| Gross Anatomy (macroscopic anatomy) |
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examintation of large structures and features
usually visible with the unaided eye |
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| groups of organs that function together |
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| study of early developmental processes |
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| structures that cannot be seen without magnification |
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subdivision of microscopic anatomy
study of internal structure of individual cells |
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group of specialized cells and cell products that
work together to perform specfic funtions |
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consist of two or more tissues
they combine to form organ systems |
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| highest level of organization, all organ systems of body work together |
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| study of functions of human body |
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| adjustment of physiological systems to preserve homeostasis |
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| autoregulation (intrinsic regulation) |
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part of the body adjusts automatically in response to
some environmental change |
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from activities of the nervous or endocrine system-
control or adjust many systems at once |
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(1) homeostatic regulator
sensor that is sensitive to a particular stimulus or environmental change |
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| control center (integration center) |
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(2) homeostatic regulator
receives and processes the info supplied by the receptor, sends out commands |
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(3) homeostatic regulator
cell or organ that responds to the commands of the control center, activity either opposes or enhances the stimulus |
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| initial stimulus produces a response that exaggerates or enhances the original change in condition |
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| initial stimulus produces a response that opposes the original change in condition |
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| when homeostasis mechanisms cannot compensate for whats wrong, internal environment may be pushed outside normal limits, organ systems malfunction |
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| opposing processes or forces are in balance |
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| when each physiological system functions to maintain a state of equilibrium that keeps vital conditions within normal limits |
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| structures on or near the body surface |
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| hands at sides, palms facing forward, feet together |
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| four sections formed by a pair imaginary perpendicular lines that intersect at the umbilicus |
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| 9 regions, moe precise. Right and left hypochondriac, epigastric, right and left lumbar, umbilical, right and left inguinal, hypogastric (pubic) |
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| spinal column (vertebrae) |
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toward the head end of the upper part of the body
(directional term) |
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toward the lower part of the body
(directional term) |
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toward the front or belly side
(directional term) |
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toward the back
(directional term) |
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toward the midline
(directional term) |
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away from midline
(directional term) |
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toward the surface of the body
(directional term) |
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away from the surface of the body
(directional term) |
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toward a structures origin or point of attachment to the trunk
(directional term) |
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away from a structures origin or point of attachment to the trunk
(directional term) |
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