Term
|
Definition
| Cross cell membranes and bind directly to nucleus of target cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Can't cross cell membrane.
Bind to receptors on cell membrane surface. |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of Prostaglandins |
|
Definition
Act only on local cells (don't travel).
Very potent.
Inactivated rapidly. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Change HR and BP.
Affect airways.
Cause inflammation.
Cause uterine contractions. |
|
|
Term
| 3 Methods of Control of Hormone Secretions |
|
Definition
Blood levels of other hormones in plasma.
Blood levels of a substance (ions or nutrients).
Nervous system control. |
|
|
Term
| Fxn of Growth Hormone (GH) |
|
Definition
Overall increase in cell size.
Increase in bone growth.
Increase in protein synthesis (muscle).
Increase in amino acids across membranes (muscle).
Increase in fat metabolism. |
|
|
Term
| Hypofunction of Growth Hormone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hyperfunction of Growth Hormone |
|
Definition
Before puberty: gigantism
In adults: acromegaly (makes bones thicker and bigger) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Milk production following childbirth.
Target = mammary gland. |
|
|
Term
| Fxn of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) |
|
Definition
Control secretions of adrenal cortex.
Target = thyroid. |
|
|
Term
| Fxn of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) |
|
Definition
Controls secretions of adrenal cortex.
Target = adrenal cortex. |
|
|
Term
| Fxn of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) |
|
Definition
Females: matures an egg every month
Males: Produces sperm |
|
|
Term
| Fxn of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) |
|
Definition
Females: causes formation of corpus luteum after ovulation.
Males (called Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone): stimulates interstitial cells of testes to produce testosterone |
|
|
Term
| Fxn of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) |
|
Definition
| Causes water re-absorption in the renal tubes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Diabetes Insipidus: lose everything they drink; common in babies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Causes uterine contractions during childbirth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Caused by too much T3 and T4.
AKA Graves (most common symptom = bulging eyes). |
|
|
Term
| Hormones secreted by anterior portion of pituitary gland (adenohypophysis). |
|
Definition
| GH, PRL, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH |
|
|
Term
| Hormones secretes by posterior portion of pituitary gland (neurohypophysis). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hormones secreted by Thyroid Gland |
|
Definition
| Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine (T3 and T4), Calcitonin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Control basal metabolic rate (how fast your body burns calories).
Helps mature and grow the nervous system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lowers blood calcium levels (plasma).
Lowers amount of calcium absorbed by bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Simple Goiter: thyroid swells up from lack of iodine because TSH keeps being released. |
|
|
Term
| Hormone secreted by Parathyroid Gland |
|
Definition
| Parathyroid Hormone (PTH). |
|
|
Term
| Fxn of Parathyroid Hormone |
|
Definition
Increase blood calcium levels (plasma).
Increase amount of calcium being absorbed from bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Causes excitable nervous system (muscle cramps). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Causes a depressed nervous system (slower reflexes, weakness). |
|
|
Term
| Hormones secreted by the Adrenal Medulla of Adrenal Gland |
|
Definition
| Epinephrine (adrenalin) and Norepinephrine (noradrenalin). |
|
|
Term
| Hormones secreted by the Adrenal Cortex of Adrenal Gland |
|
Definition
| Aldosterone (Mineralcorticoids) and Cortisol (Glucocorticoids) |
|
|
Term
| Fxn of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine |
|
Definition
E: Raise HR and BP and breathing rate.
NE: Increase in strength of contractions of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Causes sodium re-absorption in the renal tubes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Maintains blood glucose levels between meals (help organ function). |
|
|
Term
| Hormones secreted by the Pancreas |
|
Definition
| Insulin, Glucagon, and Somatostatin |
|
|
