Term
|
Definition
Toad: mostly terrestrial, bumpy/warty (mucus or poison glands)
Frog: mostly aquatic, thin/smooth/delicate skin |
|
|
Term
| Species of amphib commonly used for dissections? What else is this species used for? |
|
Definition
| American Bullfrog; culinary use = frog legs |
|
|
Term
| The highest diversity is found within what group of amphibs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the 3 main groups of amphibians that we covered in class: |
|
Definition
-Anura (frog/toad)
-Caudata (salamander/newt)
-Gymnophiona (caecilians) |
|
|
Term
| When it comes to environmental health, what group is considered "canaries in the coal mine"? |
|
Definition
| Anura- skin really permeable, so sensitive to enviro changes/pollutants |
|
|
Term
| In addition to overall declining numbers of Anura species, what else has been found in these species lately? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What has contributed to declining #s of Anura spp? |
|
Definition
-habitat loss
-contaminants (pollutants/insecticides)
-exotic pet trade |
|
|
Term
| Name the group containing frogs and toads: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the group containing salamanders and newts: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the group containing caecilians: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The word "Caudata" means: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The word "Gymnophiona" means: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Species of amphib commonly used in biomedical research? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What species of toad is fully aquatic? |
|
Definition
| Suriname toad (also, babies hatch out of back like disgusting little parasites) |
|
|
Term
| What kind of amphib retains its larval state, never progressing to the adult stage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of amphibs are used in limb regeneration research? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What species of Anura was available until 2002 in pet stores, despite being extinct in the wild? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the life cycle of amphibians: |
|
Definition
| egg > larva with gills (tadpole) > larva with limb buds (metamorph) > metamorphosis into air-breathing adult |
|
|
Term
| What organs of respiration does an amphibian have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do amphibians have a diaphragm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gas exchange in the amphibian: |
|
Definition
-gas exchange on skin surface, so they don't need to breathe via mouth as much
-helpful during hibernation |
|
|
Term
| How are amphibians anaesthetized? |
|
Definition
-don't breathe much through mouth
-MS-222 mixed with KY jelly on skin |
|
|
Term
| How do amphibs secrete ammonia? |
|
Definition
-gills
-skin
-primitive kidneys |
|
|
Term
| Which amphibs are viviparous? Which are oviparous? |
|
Definition
Viviparous (live birth): some salamanders
Oviparous (lay eggs, then fertilize): most |
|
|
Term
| Describe amphibian lungs: |
|
Definition
| simple air sac- intercostal and limb muscles pull chest up and out to breathe |
|
|
Term
| Factors to keep in mind when choosing a reptile for a pet: |
|
Definition
-size
-longevity
-husbandry (diet, enclosure, temp, humidity/water req's)
-temperament |
|
|
Term
| Name some species that people buy as cute little babies, not realizing they grow pretty big: |
|
Definition
-iguanas
-Burmese python
-tortoises |
|
|
Term
| Name some long-living species: |
|
Definition
| turtles, tortoises, iguanas |
|
|
Term
| Most important factor in the care of an amphibian or reptile? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Common ways that people screw up herp diets? |
|
Definition
-iceberg lettuce
-vegetarian diets for non-veg species |
|
|
Term
| Species that needs dripping water, not a bowl to drink from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For herps, any sort or amount of handling = ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The PP featured pics of bite wounds from what species? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term for shedding and difficulty shedding? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Describe the differences in how the following animals shed:
-amphibians
-chelonians
-snakes |
|
Definition
--Amphibs: gyrate to shed pieces
--Chelonians: shed small pieces
--Snakes: should shed 1 whole piece, including spectacle |
|
|
Term
| What is the term for a scale that covers the eye of a snake? Why is it important to know that this exists? |
|
Definition
| spectacle- must make sure spectacle is included in the shed |
|
|
Term
| How to hydrate a herp and prevent dysecdysis? |
|
Definition
| soak in warm water for 30min each day |
|
|
Term
| Describe how a reptile's appearance and demeanor changes before a shed: |
|
Definition
-body turns a dull color
-opaque eyes (spectacle)
-really cranky, inactive |
|
|
Term
| What should an owner do if their pet is shedding? |
|
Definition
| leave it alone!!!!! monitor for dysecdysis |
|
|
Term
| Problems arising from retained shed: |
|
Definition
| -dead skin dries and constricts, can have tourniquet effect if on appendages |
|
|
Term
| What should the owner do with the shed skin from its pet? |
|
Definition
| it's okay to leave it in the tank; eating shed is beneficial to animal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type of chelonian that can weigh up to 200lbs? |
|
Definition
| African spur-thighed tortoise |
|
|
Term
| Only tortoise group native to the US? |
|
Definition
gopher desert tortoise
-endangered, protected by law |
|
|
Term
| Tortoise vs Turtle vs Terrepin |
|
Definition
Tortoise: terrestrial
Turtle: aquatic or semi-aquatic
Terrepin: hard-shelled turtle in brackish water |
|
|
Term
| Common chelonian pet that is technically mis-named in the US? |
|
Definition
| box turtle - really a tortoise |
|
|
Term
| Difference in the carapace of a soft-shell turtle VS sea turtle? |
|
Definition
soft-shell: just skin on the carapace
sea turtle: cartilage with tiny bones called scutes |
|
|
Term
| The carapace of a chelonian consists of about how many bones? How many in the plastron? |
|
Definition
carapace: 50- including the nuchal bone
plastron: 9 |
|
|
Term
| What feature of chelonian anatomy is helpful in identifying the species? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term for the pointy part of a chelonian mouth that sometimes needs to be trimmed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A chelonian shell consists of two parts. What are they called? |
|
Definition
carapace (upper)
plastron (lower) |
|
|
Term
| How is a chelonian's trachea different from that of a mammal? |
|
Definition
-trachea is short and bifurcates
-ETT doesn't go in very far |
|
|
Term
| What are the unique ways an aquatic chelonian can exchange O2? |
|
Definition
-oral and cloacal mucosa
-soft-shells: through skin |
|
|
Term
| Chelonian waste consists of: |
|
Definition
Aquatic spp: urea and ammonia (NH3)
everyone else: uric acid |
|
|
Term
| Sexual dimorphism of chelonians: |
|
Definition
-males have longer/larger tail
-males have concave plastron
-aquatic: males have long front nails |
|
|
Term
| Notes on the chelonian penis: |
|
Definition
-large & dark penis, fans out
-not used for urination
-can prolapse; Tx= amputation |
|
|
Term
| How can the **housing** of a pet chelonian predispose it to egg-binding? |
|
Definition
-very picky about where to lay eggs
-may desire different substrate |
|
|
Term
| Tips on getting a chelonian out of its shell: |
|
Definition
-poke butt, front legs come out usually
-place in shallow water
-grasp head behind mandible once it's out |
|
|
Term
| What might a chelonian do to aid respiration? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Notes on chelonian lungs: |
|
Definition
-saccular lungs
-attached to carapace
-air escapes when turtle brings in legs/head = hiss
-no diaphragm > pump limbs |
|
|
Term
| What type of chelonian has a hinged plastron? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mexican Beaded Lizard
Gila monster |
|
|
Term
| Group that contains lizards and snakes? Sub-order containing just lizards? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What lizard has surpassed the green iguana in popularity? Why might this be? |
|
Definition
| Bearded dragon- good temperament, smaller size |
|
|
Term
| What type of lizard did Eileen call a "lil dino"? (hint: fat, spiky tails) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type of lizard that can weigh up to 150#? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Komodo dragon is a type of ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type of gecko that makes a very distinctive sound, giving it its name? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are Komodo dragons venomous? |
|
Definition
| -disputed; may just kill with tons of bacteria |
|
|
Term
| Type of lizard that is can be aggressive and not necessarily a good pet? (hint: Sharon Stone's husband was bit by one) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How big is an iguana's tail in relation to the body length? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Can iguanas change colors? |
|
Definition
-many can, but not of own volition
-change with age, stress, illness |
|
|
Term
| How do the pupils differ in nocturnal vs diurnal iguanas? |
|
Definition
nocturnal: vertical pupil
diurnal: round pupil |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of an iguana's eye: |
|
Definition
-movable eyelids
-nictitating membranes |
|
|
Term
| Can iguanas regrow dropped tails? |
|
Definition
| they may try to, but it usually looks abnormal |
|
|
Term
| Term for when a lizard drops its tail in self defense? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Iguanas can be arboreal or... |
|
Definition
| terrestrial, burrowing, aquatic |
|
|
Term
| Name the crests on the iguana: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Special feature of the iguana neck: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Special feature of the iguana face: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Method of iguana restraint that is not recommended? |
|
Definition
| -arm under body, fingers around head (not rec'd bc tail) |
|
|
Term
| Most lizards have a __-chambered heart. What are the exceptions? |
|
Definition
most: 3 chambered
alligator/croc: valve allows mixing of oxygenated/un-oxygenated blood for lower metabolic state (submersion) |
|
|
Term
| What herps what a cardiac shunt? Why do they have this? |
|
Definition
-lizards
-diverts blood across heart to bypass pulmonary circulation
-they only need intermittant breathing (some can hold breath for 24hr) |
|
|
Term
| Why are reptiles hard to monitor during Sx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-reptiles have it
-blood from caudal body goes to kidneys before the heart
-give injections in cranial body (even though caudal injections don't destroy kidneys) |
|
|
Term
| How can paraphimosis occur in a lizard? |
|
Definition
-forced probing to sex
-after mating
-straining to defecate |
|
|
Term
| What are a lizard's femoral pores? |
|
Definition
| pores for scent glands; used to think they were useful for sexing but they're not |
|
|
Term
| What type of reptiles have hemipenes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reptile waste consists of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are lizards oviparous or viviparous? |
|
Definition
| oviparous - shell gland= oviduct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-metal probe in cloaca, directed caudally
-females: probe goes in shallowly (1-2 scales)
-males: probe goes much farther
-not recommended bc can cause paraphimosis |
|
|
Term
| Name of the sub-order containing snakes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the 4 different families of snakes: |
|
Definition
-Boas
-Pythons
-Vipers (Viperids) eg rattlesnake - all venomous
-Elapids eg cobra, coral snake, adders - tropical and venomous |
|
|
Term
| What type of snake causes hypersensitivity reactions, meaning that the person has a stronger allergic reaction with each exposure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Boas are exclusively found where? |
|
Definition
| New World (S/C/N America) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all over world except isolated islands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of python can be 20+ft long? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Special heart feature of snakes? |
|
Definition
| -intracardiac shunting: hold breath, blood bypasses lungs; allows for ingestion of large prey |
|
|
Term
| Important thing to know about snake respiratory system: |
|
Definition
| only R lung is functional! L is small and useless |
|
|
Term
| Describe the ventilation system of snakes: |
|
Definition
negative pressure ventilation
-intercostals expand ribs along whole body
-pressure drops, sucks air into lung sac |
|
|
Term
| Special sensory organs of snakes: |
|
Definition
-pit organs (pythons/boas)
-Jacobson's organ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-no external ear
-can hear via vibrations
-arboreal spp can hear birds fly by |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-no eyelid
-no nictitating membrane
-spectacle
-Harderian gland keeps eye moist |
|
|
Term
| Can snakes replace lost fangs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Snakes have ___, which are vestigial remnants of legs. What is their purpose? |
|
Definition
-spurs
-stimulation in copulation; keeps 2 cloaca together |
|
|
Term
| Reproductive style of snakes? |
|
Definition
-70% oviparous
-rest ovoviviparous |
|
|
Term
| Notes on handling/restraint of snakes: |
|
Definition
-support whole body
-bag = great transport
-snake hooks can damage snake; really only used for venomous ones
-if handling venomous ones, must know spp to know what antivenom is needed |
|
|
Term
| Tips on auscultating heart: |
|
Definition
| -damp paper towel b/t body and stetho |
|
|
Term
| Notes on general reptilian PE: |
|
Definition
-weigth in grams
-overall condition
-eyes/nares
-tympanic membrane
-auscult if possible
-respirations |
|
|
Term
| How to document turtle growth? |
|
Definition
-measure shell circumference
-does turtle fit shell? edematous? |
|
|
Term
| What to check on a snake PE: |
|
Definition
-muscle tone, motility
-measure snout to vent
-redness, discharges?
-righting reflex (place upside-down)
-moist buccal cavity? |
|
|
Term
| Term for snake teeth that can shed and regrow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intermittant Positive Pressure Ventilation |
|
|
Term
| Notes on reptile anaesthesia: |
|
Definition
-injectable
-intubation
-inhalant anaesthesia? they hold breath
-IPPV @4-8/bpm
-dosing varies wildly
-slow metab = slow recovery |
|
|
Term
| Specific anesthetic drugs that may be used: |
|
Definition
| Telazol, Ace, Ketamine, Metetomidine |
|
|
Term
| What stimulates respiration in mammals? What about reptiles? |
|
Definition
mammals: increased CO2 stimulates resps
reptiles: decreased O2 stimulates resps |
|
|
Term
| Notes on recovering a reptilian patient: |
|
Definition
-turn off O2, maybe Ambu-bag
-heat, light
-hard to monitor |
|
|
Term
Name the different venipuncture sites for the following:
-iguana
-turtle
-snakes |
|
Definition
IGUANA
-jugular
-tail vein (great)
-axillary plexus
TURTLE
-jugular
-subcarapacial sinus
SNAKES
-tail vein (hard!)
-cardiocentesis (if you realllly need blood) |
|
|
Term
| Injection sites in reptiles: |
|
Definition
-IM
-Intracoelomic (Ice)
-Prefemoral fossa (can do fluids this way)
-SQ (difficult- small amounts down body) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| equal parts dextrose, saline, LRS |
|
|
Term
| Aside from lateral, what type of rad should one take of turtles? |
|
Definition
| "skyline view" - see lungs; esp if HBC / attacked by dog |
|
|
Term
| Fecal collection in reptiles: |
|
Definition
-they defecate infrequently
-warm water bath
-colonic wash
-fecal float
-direct smear |
|
|
Term
| What microbes may you find in a reptile fecal? |
|
Definition
-amoebas, protozoa, flagellates (normal vs patho?)
-Kalicephalus (intestinal hook; anemia in snakes)
-Nyctotherus (normal Chelonian flora) |
|
|
Term
| Normal chelonian flora species? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intestinal hook that can cause anemia in snakes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Types of heaters for reptile tank? Which is rec'd? |
|
Definition
-under-tank heater
-"hot rocks"
-REC'D: ceramic heat emitter |
|
|
Term
| When heating a tank, it is important to remember that reptiles in captivity behave differently from those in the wild, in that they: |
|
Definition
| will not move away from excessive heat- will get burned |
|
|
Term
| Components of a basic non-aquatic tank: |
|
Definition
-basking light
-UV light
-hide box w/sphagnum moss
-food away from heat source
-2 thermometers (on hot and cool side) |
|
|
Term
| Easiest/cleanest substrate: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Components of a basic aquatic tank: |
|
Definition
-basking light
-UV light
-3 thermometers (hot/cool side, water therm-cover cord to protect f/bites)
-basking area out of water
-floating food pad
-water filter (most expensive you can buy) |
|
|
Term
| How big of a tank do you need for a snake? |
|
Definition
| perimeter should be greater or equal to snake length |
|
|
Term
| What does POTZ stand for? What is it usually? |
|
Definition
| Preferred Optimum Temperature Zone - usu. 75-99F |
|
|
Term
| Ectotherms are sometimes called ____ because their body temp is unstable. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Turtles are sometimes called ____ because they "seek the sun." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Temperature has a direct effect on ___. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens if a reptile is too cold? |
|
Definition
| -anorectic, poor digestion, poor immunity |
|
|
Term
| 3 important components to lighting in a reptile tank: |
|
Definition
-photoperiod (try to mimic sun)
-light quality (windows filter UV)
-light intensity (in tank outside = fry; if free, metab ^ = run off) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| it activates vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) which aids in calcium absorption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-mercury halite
-extreme levels output
-cancer? *hyper*calcemia? we don't know! |
|
|
Term
| What type of UV light must you get for a reptile tank? What are some important things to note about it? |
|
Definition
-whole spectrum UV lights
-really expensive, but critical
-MBD (metabolic bone Dz) without it
-neg: doesn't turn off light if UVB gone
-switch at least every 6mo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-50-70%, depends on spp
-sphagnum moss or sponge helps retain moisture
-soak in tepid water regularly |
|
|
Term
| Quarantine new reptiles for how long? |
|
Definition
-at least 3mo, 6mo better
-monitor appetite, fecal, behavior |
|
|
Term
| Particulate substrates can result in: |
|
Definition
| -caseous abscesses, stomatitis, impactions (esp Calcisand) |
|
|
Term
| Examples of bad substrate: |
|
Definition
-sand
-gravel
-walnut
-wood shaving
-Calcisand |
|
|
Term
| Examples of acceptable substrate/flooring: |
|
Definition
-cage carpeting
-astroturf
-newspaper
-shelf paper |
|
|
Term
| Juvenile reptiles should be fed __x week. What about older ones? |
|
Definition
Juvies: 2x week
Older: less frequent, depends on species |
|
|
Term
| Prey should be what size in relation to the reptile? |
|
Definition
| no biggger than the biggest part of the reptile's body |
|
|
Term
| More colorful veggies contain more of what nutrient? |
|
Definition
| -beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A |
|
|
Term
| Notes on live prey vs killed prey? |
|
Definition
LIVE
-stress to prey
-bites to predator
DEAD
-killed humanely?
-freshly killed or frozen?
-frozen how long? - vit E deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Why is it bad to feed only pinkies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Important notes on feeding your pet insects: |
|
Definition
-feed the insects
-dust or gut-load with calcium
-don't feed pet the dead/sick insects |
|
|
Term
| Vitamin E deficiency can cause what? What may cause this? |
|
Definition
steatitis: inflammation of fatty tissue
-hardens, calcifies; not reversible
-eg snakes fed obese rats |
|
|
Term
| What to do if a snake is not eating? |
|
Definition
-heat up prey
-forceps to move prey around
-is snake pre-shed? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-bilateral swelling of mandibles
-muscles become fibrous, appendages plump up
-animals feel squishy, turtles soft |
|
|
Term
| When might tail amputation be required? |
|
Definition
| severe cases of MBD - spondylosis |
|
|
Term
| Two possibly causes of petechiae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reptile health conditions: |
|
Definition
-MBD
-Anorexia
-Rostral abrasion
-Abscesses
-Burns
-Paraphimosis/cloacal prolapse
-Gout
-Stomatitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excess uric acid in joints |
|
|
Term
| Stomatitis is also called ______ in snakes and lizards. What causes this? |
|
Definition
| mouth rot; husbandry and stress |
|
|
Term
| What can cause paraphimosis or cloacal prolapse? |
|
Definition
-probing
-manual eversion
-post-copulation
-strain from parasite load |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| not really a Tx; fluids, diuretics |
|
|
Term
| Shell deformities of turtles: |
|
Definition
-pyramiding
-shell rot
-Septicemic Cutaneous Ulcerative Dz (SCUD)
-trauma (HBC/dog) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-type of MBD
-caused by ^protein, ^fat, low humidity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-abnormal scutes, soft shell
-caused by low calcium, low water temp, lack of cleanliness |
|
|
Term
| Shell Fxs can be fixed with: |
|
Definition
-dentistry materials like epoxy, resin
-mesh, screws |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aquatic chelonions with respiratory problems may show what CS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vit A deficiency in turtles can cause: |
|
Definition
| -blepharitis, nasal discharge, dyspnea, aural abscess |
|
|
Term
| Health conditions of snakes: |
|
Definition
-regurgitation
-vesicular dermatitis aka "blister Dz"
-pneumonia
-parasite/mites |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"blister Dz"
-poor hygiene, high humidity |
|
|
Term
| Pneumonia is common in what reptile? And is it usually caused by Gm- or Gm+? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CS of pneumonia in snakes: |
|
Definition
-bubbling from nares, glottis
-oral petechiae
-cyanotic |
|
|
Term
| Snakes may be overloaded with what sort of parasite? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can cause regurgitation in snakes? |
|
Definition
-stress
-handling after meal
-prey too large
-prey too cold |
|
|
Term
| What can cause regurgitation in snakes? |
|
Definition
-stress
-handling after meal
-prey too large
-prey too cold |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inclusion Body Dz (snakes)
-viral - poss. from mites?
-"star gazing"
-head tremors, disorientation
-lose righting reflex
-only occurs in boas
-no Tx, fatal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-mostly vipers
-severe Dz, poor prognosis
-respiratory Dz |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-protozoan
-regurgitation
-weight loss
-midline swelling (lives in SI)
-can't absorb food well
-commonly tested for (acid fast + but small!)
-in lizards, no Tx, causes gastritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-bacteria w/potential to cause severe Dz
-found in raw meat, apparently healthy reptiles, and people
-no test can guarantee that pet is free of it
-no cure for Salmonella-related infection in reptile |
|
|
Term
| CDC reports human deaths resulting from reptile-related exposure to ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term for hibernation in reptiles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-life expectancy
-hormonal activity
-repro hormone stimulation/synchronization |
|
|
Term
| What reptiles undergo brumation? |
|
Definition
| any that live in an area with a cold period / winter |
|
|
Term
| Do beardies go through brumation? |
|
Definition
| somewhat; they may stop eating |
|
|
Term
| Signs of imminent hibernation: |
|
Definition
-declining appetite
-declining activity
-burrowing
-hiding |
|
|
Term
| How to perform brumation: |
|
Definition
-CAREFULLY!!!
-gradually with lots of monitoring
-refridgerate reptile
-pull out every few weeks to weigh, soak; then put back
-proper humidity, ventilation; dark/cool enviro
-balanced diet w/vitamin supps
-pull food 10d prior
-remove heat source for week
-temp: 50-55F for 3-4mo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| somewhat like hibernation, may help immune system (like a "reboot") |
|
|
