Hellbender

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Cryptobranchidae

Cryptobranchus alleganiensis

not poisonous, as some believe; largest salamander in North America

Lesser Siren

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Sirenidae

Siren intermedia

communicate by clicking sounds made by snapping their jaws together

Eastern Newt

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Salamandridae

Notopthalmus viridescens

3 stages of life: aquatic larvae, terrestrial eft, and aquatic adult

Common Mudpuppy

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Proteidae

Necturus maculosus

humans are main predators because of catching and discarding; two rows of teeth;  strictly carnivorous

Two-toed Amphiuma

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Amphiumidae

Amphiuma means

North America's longest amphibian; eellike

Spotted Salamander

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Ambystomatidae

Ambystoma maculatum

burrowing; sedentary, only move far enough to find food

Mole Salamander

Ambystomatidae

Ambystoma talpoideum

will eat almost anything smaller than itself that it can overpower

Tiger Salamander

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Ambystomatidae

Ambystoma tigrinum

among the largest terrestrial salamanders, up to 20 cm 

Marbled Salamander

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Ambystomatidae

Ambystoma opacum

most strongly sexually dimorphic of the Ambystomatidae

Green Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Aneides aeneus

may be seasonably arboreal

Plethodontidae

Desmognathus auriculatus

closely related to D. fuscus and D. ochrophaeus, may not occur in our area at all

Northern Dusky Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Desmognathus fuscus

this species complex tends to be more terrestrial and variably marked than other Desmognathus

Seal Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Desmognathus monticola

active year-round except during the coldest weather

Mountain Dusky Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Desmognathus ochrophaeus (carolinensus)

this species complex tends to be more terrestrial and variably marked than other Desmognathus

Blackbelly Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Desmognathus quadramaculatus

inhabit mountain streams and rest near waterfalls and streams

Plethodontidae

Desmognathus welteri

Pygmy Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Desmognathus wrighti

endemic to high mountains; no larval period, development occurs in the egg

Two-Lined Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Eurycea bislineata

generalist predators

Three-Lined Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Eurycea guttolineata

formerly considered a subspecies of the Longtail sally; the two species seldom occur together

Longtail Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Eurycea longicauda

limestone and shale substrates

Spring Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Gyrinophilus porphyriticus

preys on smaller salamanders

Four-toed Salamander

Plethodontidae

Hemidactylium scutatum

Redback Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Plethodon cinereus

generalist predators on small inverts

Slimy Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Plethodon glutinosus

western VA, extreme NWestern NC

Jordan's Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Plethodon jordani

found above 2000 ft; breed terrestrially, like all Plethodons

Plethodontidae

Plethodon wehrlei

Plethodontidae

Plethodon welleri

Yonahlossee Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Plethodon yonahlossee

females are dramatically larger than males

Mud Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Pseudotriton montanus

occur in fine, black mud beneath logs and stones

Red Salamander

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Plethodontidae

Pseudotriton ruber

habitats include leaf accumulations

Pelobatidae

Scaphiopus holbrooki

one spur on each back foot for burrowing

American Toad

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Bufonidae

Bufo americanus

earliest toads to breed in our area

Southern Toad

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Bufonidae

Bufo terrestris

lets out a chirping release call if handled or accidentally grasped by another male

Fowler's Toad

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Bufonidae

Bufo woodhousei

uncommon at high elevations

Hylidae

Acris crepitans

call resembles two small stones clicking together

Hylidae

Hyla avivoca

loud, rapid, bird-like call, similar to an osprey

Green Treefrog

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Hylidae

Hyla cinerea

often breeds in permanent water

Spring Peeper

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Hylidae

Hyla crucifer

adults are secretive and most often heard rather than seen

Gray Treefrog

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Hylidae

Hyla versicolor

not reportedly found in South Carolina

Hylidae

Pseudacris triseriata

Bullfrog

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Ranidae

Rana catesbeiana

highly adaptable and may live in almost any body of freshwater

Green Frog

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Ranidae

Rana clamitans

call sounds like a plucked banjo string

Pickerel Frog

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Ranidae

Rana palustris

produce skin secretions that are toxic or distasteful to many predators

Southern Leopard Frog

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Ranidae

Rana sphenocephala

excellent jumpers and easily escape predators by jumping into water and swimming to the bottom

Wood Frog

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Ranidae

Rana sylvatica

highly tolerant of freezing temperatures

Microhylidae

Gastrophryne carolinensis

smooth skin without ridges or warts