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Amino Acids
Structures, some info
36
Biology
Undergraduate 3
09/23/2009

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Cards

Term
Alanine
Definition

Ala

A

Hydrophobic (non polar)

Neutral

 

Aliphatic

Term
Valine
Definition

Val

V

Hydrophobic (non polar)

Neutral

Aliphatic

Term
Phenylalanine
Definition

Phe

F

Hydrophobic (non polar)

Neutral

Aromatic

Term
Tryptophan
Definition

Trp

W

Hydrophobic (non polar)

Neutral

Aromatic

Term
Leucine
Definition

Leu

L

Hydrophobic (non polar)

Neutral

Aliphatic

Term
Isoleucine
Definition

Ile

I

Hydrophobic (non polar)

Term
Methionine
Definition

Met

M

Hydrophobic (non polar)

Term
Proline
Definition

Pro

P

Hydrophobic (non polar)

Term
Serine
Definition

Ser

S

Polar

Term
Threonine
Definition

Thr

T

Polar

Term
Tyrosine
Definition

Tyr

Y

Polar

Term
Cysteine
Definition

Cys

C

Polar

Term
Asparagine
Definition

Asn

N

Polar

Term
Glutamine
Definition

Gln

Q

Polar

Term
Histidine
Definition

His

H

Polar

Term
Glycine
Definition

Gly

G

Polar

Term
Aspartate
Definition

Asp

D

Negatively Charged

Term

Glutamate

 

Definition

Glu

E

Negatively Charged

Term
Lysine
Definition

Lys

K

Positively Charged

Term
Arginine
Definition

Arg

R

Positively Charged

Term

N

                                / | \

                              H  H  H

Definition
Ammonia
Term

                                   H      O

                                    |     //     

                              H---C---C

                                    |      \

                                    H      OH

Definition
Acetic Acid
Term

                                O

                                 ||

                           H   C    H

                             \ /  \ /

                              O   O

                             

Definition

Carbonic Acid

Loses an H to form it's conjugate Base

Term

                                 O

                                 ||

                            R---C---R

Definition
Ketone
Term

                                   O

                                   ||

                              R---C---H

Definition
Aldehyde
Term

                        R---O---H

Definition
Alcohol
Term

                                 O

                                 ||

                            R---C---OH

Definition

Carboxylic Acid

If the H is removed, it's the Carboxylate group on an Amino Acid

Term

N

                                / | \

                              R  R  R

Definition

Amine

Note: The R's can be H's

Term

                                O

                                ||

                     R---O---P---OH

                                |

                                OH

Definition
Phosphate
Term

 

                          R---S---H

Definition
Thiol
Term

 

                           R---O---R

Definition
Ether
Term
Edman Degradation
Definition
Phenylisothiocyanate attaches to the free amino group of the N-terminal residue, and in the presence of anhydrous trifluoroacetic acid, the peptide bond to the N-terminal residue breaks. Aqueous acid converts the amino acid to it's more stable form, Phenylthiohydantoin (PTH), which is then identified.
Term
[image]
Definition
Phenyl isothiocyanate
Term

    R       O

     \      //

    HC---C       ______

      /      \     /   ___  \

    HN     N   /   /      \  \

      \\    /  \/   /        \  \

         C      \   \        / /

                  \   \____/ /

                   \______/

 

 

Definition

PTH Amino acid

This is the purified amino acid as a result of Edman Degradation.

Term

2,3 bisphosphoglyerate

Definition

Performs active glycolysis.

A small metabolite that binds one per hemoglobin tetramer.  Stimulates O2 release by stabilizing the quarternary structure of deoxy hemoglobin.

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