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Amino acids and proteins
Definitions
25
Chemistry
11th Grade
04/29/2010

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Term
Proteins
Definition
Polymers of amino acids
Term
Alpha amino acids
Definition
The amino acids in proteins. the amine group in each is connected 2 the carbon atom next to carbboxylic acid group
Term
Peptide bonds
Definition
Two or more amino acids that can link together by forming amino bonds
Term
Side chain
Definition
Group bonded 2 the carbon next to the carboxylate group in an amino acid
Term
Nonconvalent forces
Definition
ForcEs of attraction other than covalent bonds that can act between molecules of within molecules
Term
Hydrophobic
Definition
Does not dissolve in water
Term
Hydrophilic
Definition
Water-loving. Soluble in water
Term
Zwitterion
Definition
A neutral dipolar ion that has one positive charge and one negative charge
Term
Primary structure of protein
Definition
The sequence in which it's amino acids are lined up connected by peptide.
Term
Secondary protien structure
Definition
The repeating structual patterns created by hydrogen bonding between backbone atoms in eighboring segments of protein
Term
Alpha helix
Definition
A single protein chain coiled in a spiral with a right handed (clockwise) twist
Term
Beta sheet
Definition
The polypeptide chains are held in place by hydrogen bonds between pairs of peptide units along neighboring backbone segments
Term
Tertiary structure
Definition
Overall shape of protein molecule produced by regions of secondary structure combined with the overall bending andfolding of the protein chain. Side groups come together
Term
Lewis base
Definition
A compound that contains an unshared pair of electron
Term
Gases
Definition
The simplist amines
Term
Volatile amines
Definition
Have strong orders
Term
Properties of amines
Definition
.gases are the simplest amines. Liqids are a common form of amines. .volatiles amines have a strong order. .amines are Lewis based. .many amines are toxic
Term
Unsubstitued amides
Definition
Formed by the reaction of carboxylic acids with ammonia
Term
Substituted amides
Definition
Produced in reactions between primary and secondary amines and carboxylic acids
Term
Quaternary structure
Definition
Overall structure of proteins composed of more than one polpeptide chain
Term
Enzymes
Definition
Catalyst
Term
Hormones
Definition
Regulate body functions by carrying messages to receptors
Term
Chromatography
Definition
Useful method for seperation of substances like amino acids.
Term
Electrophoresis
Definition
Method of separating molecules on the basis of their electric charges. Must be hydrolosized
.
Term
Isoelectric point
Definition
pI of an amino acid is the pH ar which the positive and negative charges are balanced, the molecule has no net charge and it shows no net migration I'm an electric field at that pH
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