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| April 18 1775, Thomas Gage sent by Parliament to break up "rebels", Paul Revere and William Dawes warn the militia, shot heard around the world, British went to Concord and 300 of their men were killed |
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| Commander of the British that was send during Lexington and Concord |
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| Second Continental Congress |
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| May 1775, Philly, Made peace with Great Britain, funds for an army if necessary, George Washington is elected to be commander in chief for an army if necessary |
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| June 17, 1775, "Don't shoot until you see the whites of their eyes.", British take Breed's Hill after 3rd attempt and 1,000 casualties, and colonists ran out of gun powder |
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| U.S. launch a surprise attack, took artillery, moved across upstate New York to Mass in the middle of winter, British leave March 1776 |
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| Declaration of Independence |
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| Thomas Jefferson was primary writer, others helped, signal to Europeans, Americans mean business, adopted by Congress July 4, 1776, signed August 2nd. |
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| Turning point of the war (American Revolution) |
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| Puts together an army, South of Canada along Hudson River, others went wrong way, his army surrenders. |
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| led American army with green apples and molasses, Cornwallis destroys them |
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| Member of Parliament, voted against policies, however still fighting against Americans |
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| Was sent South to stop Cornwallis.. |
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| Oxford educated, his soldiers wore green uniform, found American wounded soldiers from South Carolina, murdered 100 of them after they already surrendered. |
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| Tarleton moves to South Carolina to attack incoming American force, led by Daniel Morgan. |
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| Daniel Morgan instructed his troops to fire 2 shots and run, as British ran after them, they met the real American troops that were BA, destroyed the British in 15 minutes, Cornwallis peaces out |
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| September 1783, Signed by all countries involved in American Revolution, Recognized independence, given all land east of the Mississippi River, except Florida, which was given back to the Spanish |
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| a form of government which allowed for self-government and against a strong centeralized government |
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| States had ultimate power instead of the central government, Congress gave "suggestions" but states did whatever they wanted |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| Congress "coordinated" and made suggestions to states, but really could only declare war and make treaties, every state had to agree on something in order to ratify. |
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| Problems with the Articles |
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| Under the Articles, nothing can be ratified unless every state agrees, Maryland screws that one up; Articles don't have the power to tax and so they can't pay off the national debt; cut out off trade with West Indies |
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| 1786-1787; Wanted to shut down the courts so warrants can't be issued, until debt relief is given by the government; group of colonial leaders met to tweak Articles to discuss trade policy and taxes, rewrite to give to Congress more power, needed a stronger central government, felt apart doee |
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| Wanted to throw out Articles and create a Constitution, Takes his ideas from reading to form a more perfect government. Known as the father of the Constituion |
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| Helped write Constitution, founder of the Federalists, wanted a loosely interpreted Constitution, National Bank, etc. |
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| written by James Madison, bicameral legislature: House and Senate; equal representation; Congressmen would be elected by state's populations |
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| Afraid that the larger states would run the government; wanted to keep the Articles of Confederation and maintain Congress: allow it to power tax |
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| The Connecticut Compromise |
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| Established electoral college, appointed representation, 3/5 compromise |
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| Major campaign for the Federalists, consisted of 85 essays presenting the reasons for believing the the practicality of each major provision |
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| Ensured freedoms of Americans, like speech, religion, press, trial by jury, right to bare arms, against cruel and unusual punishment |
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