"before war"

JQ adams through Buchanan

1820-1861

revolutions and reforms

-political

-industrial

-transportation

-religious

-healthcare

-prison

-institution (dorthea dix)

-abolition vs gradualism

-education

-womens rights

Jamestown

first colony

purpose- $$$ for merchantilism

joint stock company

Pilgrims at plymouth

religous freedom

Church of england= too catholic

1. gold- economic motives

-joint stock companies

-potential trade

2. GOD- religious motives

-wanted to break away from the c.o.e.

3. GLORY

-power in Europe

-power in the americas

separatists- holland- pilgrims (more liberal pigrims)

-from cape cod to plymouth

William Bradford

squanto and the wampanoags

"city upon a hill"

john winthrop

wanted a model city on a hill for all to look up to

roger williams

upset with puritans and wanted religious freedom

portmouth RI

religious freedom

Judiciary Act of 1789

established 13 district courts, three courts of appeal, and the supreme court. John Jay was the first supreme court justice

The Virginia plan

-Edmund Randolf

porposed scratching A.O.C. and creating a new national government with power to tax and make laws

The New Jersey Plan

-Willian Paterson

two houses of Congress

-H.O.R depended on population

-Senate- equal representation

1. Gage

2. Howe/Burgoyne

3. Clinton

4.Cornwallis

1. Washington

2.Wayne

3.Green

4. Benedict Arnold (TRAITOR)

-motivation

-strong support system

-guerilla warfare

-80:20 patriots:loyalists

-aid of French after Saratoga

-outsmarted British

-won crucial battles

-home feild advantage (one enemy)

-negotiated by John Adams Ben Franklin, John Jay

-Lord North surrenderred for the British

Articles of Confederation

-beginning of government

-Confederation Congress

Continental (before/during am rev)---> Confederation (articles)--->

Philly/Constitutional (Constitution)

Northwest Ordiance

1787

attempt to expand west

right for free religion

NO SLAVERY

5000- elect officials

60000- apply for statehood

british vs. french

on american soil

destroyed the relations with the crown

Grievances towards the crown

-taxation

-no representation in parliment

-violation of self government

boycott british goods

printing press

-words out to masses

VIOLENCE

"era of good feelings"

aftermath of the war of 1812

-harmony was at high point

-only one political party had power

John Calhoune + Henry Clay

wanted to propose bank again to monitor national currency

engines behind colonial resistance

first terrorist organization

boston 1775

adams bros, paul revere, john dickenson

march 5th 1770

PROPORGANDA

king street boston

5 dead 6 wounded

ignited FLAME

calming before the storm

1770-1773

crown repealed townshend acts after the boston massacre

december 1773

boston harbor

east india tea company was in DEBT

colonists refused to buy tea because of boycotts and freedom of choice

december 16th 1773

150 colonists dumped 10000 pounds o tea into boston harbor

cost crown a FORTUNE

ignited FLAME

coercive acts

1773

response to boston tea party

ment to punish boston and set an example

three acts

1. closed down boston harbor

2. crown will appoint all officials

3. bring in two thousand brit soldiers to maintain order

response to coercive acts

first national gov of 13 colonies

philly and each colony came to debate

pats vs loyalists

create militia for defense purposes

military base in concord

Paul Revere, William Dawes Sam Prescott

colonial spies

"The british are coming the british are coming"

april 19th 1775

LIGHTED FLAME

british marched to concord and colonist cut them off at lexington

700 brits vs 70 minute men

brit had 1 wounded americans had 8 dead

marching from lexington to concord

minute men waiting in concord

patriots won... unifed and raised moral

forced 2nd continental congress into session

may 1775

patriots vs loyalists debate

chose loyalists

Olive Branch petition

want peace

offering loyalty for self government

EPIC FAILURE

Thomas Paine

wrote common sense

PROPORGANDA

arguement for independence

Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin John Adams

independence from britain

publically denouncing the king

Continental army

advantages

-home ground

-motivation

-unified cause

-great leadership

disadvantages

-unprepared ill trained

-lack of wealth

-weak weak central govgov

1820s-1830s was the canals and turnpikes

1840s-1850s was raailroads

railroads split country north south

ADVANTAGES

-well trained

-had money

-strong govgov

DISADVANTAGES

-foreign territory

-lack of cause

-distance ATLANTIC

intrem period

august- dec 1776

series of small loses

NO MORAL

stravation and freezation

verge of SURRENDER

christmas eve

SNEAKY

attackay

stops continental army from surrendering

HIGHER MORAL

FUN

newyork

1777

convinces france to enter war

strengthened continental army

VA

1781

brit decide to invade virgina

cornwallis surrenders on sep 28th

created by continental congress

1st constitution in history

PORBLEMS

-weak central gov

-economic chaos

1. frame a constitution

2. balance government

3. power of politicians- president

4. big state vs little state crises

aka SLAVERY

constitutional convention

james madison creates VIRGINIA PLAN

3 branches

1. executive

2. legistlative

3.judicial

slavery

principle of shared power allows people of each state to deal with their heeds in their own way while letting the states act together to deal with matter that affect all americans

approval of the constitution

-june 21 1788

- 2/3 of states 9 states

NH WAS THE LAST ONE of the 9

ri was the last one to sign

dangerous because there is no precedent

no politcal experiance

no college education

leadership skills

WAR HERO

trusted with power

hated partisan politics

no entangalling alliances

proclimation of nuetrality

alexander hamilton

1. strong federal government

2. ruling population is wealthy and educated

3. nations economy is industrial and federally controlled

4 implied powers

D-Rs

thomas jefferson

1. weak central government

2. ruling class is the average man

3. agricultural economy

4. enumerated powers

(strict interpretation)

10 amendments

1790

rights of a citizen

1. report on public credit and gov assumes all the state debt

2. report on banking

3. report on manufactures

SOUTHERNERS though plan favored north

debate over meaning of constitution

led to formation of americas modern political parties

federalist= pro bank

dr= anti bank

1791

2nd president

EPIC FAIL

federalist

alien and sedition acts

DR

virginia

educated and wealthy

hyporcrit---- CONTRIDICTIONS

1. cut spending but spent 15 million for Louisiana purchase

2. simplicity

3. slaves

(affair with sally hemmingson)

James Madison

inherited crisis with Britain

WAR OF 1812

forbade trade with Europe

Madison asked congress for war