American Civil War

Union Officer

His concept of "sea power" was based on the idea that countries with greater naval power will have greater worldwide impact.  

Found that the War College was the perfect place for him to promote his bold views about naval reform.  

Idea that fleet and bases around the world are necessary.

Strong Navy, means strong nation.

Civil War

Proposed by General-in-Chief Winfield Scott

Blockade of the Southern ports, and called for an advance down the Mississippi River to cut the South in two during the Civil War.

Idea was to prevent supplies from traveling, and preventing foreign support, and give time to build up army.  

Ridiculed because everyone was focused on taking the capital and ending the war quickly.

War of 1812.

General Andrew Jackson

Defeats creek indians by attacking from both sides, ending the creek war in Alabama.

Right before Battle of New Orleans, which ends the war.

Revolutionary War.

Washington gambled by attacking the Hessians (German mercenaries).

Wash. captured 900 soldiers and only suffered 2 causalities.

December 26, 1776, after General George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River north of Trenton, New Jersey

Army General who was a key player in Aviation during WWI and “Father of Air Force”.

Had 4 ideas of purpose for planes: Pursuit, Bombardment, Attack, & Observation.

He was court martialed later in career.

American WW2 bomber.

Successor to the B-17 Flying Fortress, larger payload capacity and longer range, but could not sustain as much damage.

It was produced in mass quantities by the United States.

U.S. naval forces and Commander in Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas (CinCPOA), for U.S. and Allied air, land, and sea forces during World War II.  

Very important in success in Pacific Theater.

He took up arms against the U.S. Federal government to fight against encroachments on the territories and way of life of the Lakota people, including leading a war party at the Battle of the Little Bighorn in June 1876.

Beginning of years of battling the Indians.

Took command on US troops in Iraq in 2007 to turn things around. Strategy focused more on nation building and lessening American involvement.

Results were good, and by 2008 Iraq Army was rebuilt.

Oceans act as natural security for US.

Need less boarder security.

Naval forces and coastal forts.

Aug. 6, 1945 U.S. dropped atomic bomb on Hiroshima killing at least 100,000 people. Aug. 9, 1945 second bomb is dropped by U.S. on Nagasaki killing 60, 000.

Leading up to Japan surrendered Sept. 2, 1945.

Took command after MacArthur was fired by Pres. Truman during the Korean War.

Wanted to fight a small scale defensive war(artillery) against the Chinese.

Nicknamed “Old Iron tits”

Final allied offensive of WWI (sept. 26- Nov. 11, 1918), U.S. victory.

Took place across the western front of Europe.

Known for being the largest U.S. involved battle of WWI.

War waged by U. N. authorized coalition forces led by the U.S. against Iraq.

In response to Iraq’s first invasion of Kuwait.

34 U.N. nations were involved.

Code name for the Battle of Normandy D-Day (June 6, 1944, WWII). Launched the invasion of German-occupied western Europe by allied forces. 100,000 troops landed in two days.  

Large step in victory in Europe

Humanitarian Aid in Somalia

Also known as the Battle of Mogadishu (Dec. 5, 1992-May 4, 1993).

Created a protected environment for conducting humanitarian operations and attempt to capture warlord.

Involved with the Black Hawk Down incident.

Name given to the gradual and sustained bombing campaign against the North Vietnamese from Mar. 1965 until Nov. 1968.

Terminated because it achieved none of its objectives.

1989-1990

Articulated by JCS Chair Colin Powell.

The dominant thinking in U.S. military.

Calls for U.S. intervention only if:

1) vital interest

2) clearly defined objectives

3) overwhelming forces

4) overwhelming support

5) a fast victory can be achieved (60 days War Powers Act)

6) broad international support.

Civil War

Sherman marched 285 miles to the sea following defeat of Hood.

Split army into 3 huge columns raiding the Port of Savanah along the way.

His soldiers committed few rapes and didn’t destroy houses, only other property.

Destroyed much of South's physical and mental capacity to wage war.

Jan. 1968 surprise attack by NVA on U.S., the Khe Sanh and Hue were the most notable battles.

The U.S. won but lost credibility with the homefront

NOT winning War in Vietnaim

Passed by Congress after the Paris Peace Accords in 1973.

States that the President can’t commit troops abroad for more than 60 days without congressional approval

American form of torture.

Water was forced down people's throats until their stomachs almost burst then they are beaten, vomit up the water and the process begins again

Initial commander of union forces during Civil War.  

Proposed anaconda plan to blockade south by the sea.

Suffered from vertigo, was a poor commander, and physically incapable

Mexican American War

12th President of the U.S.. 40 year military career.

Fought at Buena Vista even after directed not to.

Won at Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, and Monterrey.