Bureau agents were supposed to establish schools, provide aid to the poor and aged, settle disputes between whites and blacks and among the freedpeople.

lasted from 1865 to 1870

laws passed by new southern governments that attempted to regulate the lives of former slaves.

denied right to vote

had been born free in North Carolina, educated in Illinois, served as a chaplain in wartime Union army

in 1870 became first black senator in american history

Hayes would be president

-hayes would place a southerner as postmaster general

work for federal aid to texas and pacific railroad

democrates primised not to dispute hayes's right to office and respect civil/political rights of blacks.

hayes never appointed southern postmaster general and didn't grand land for RR, democrats never recognized blacks as equals.

a terrorist organization, spread to nearly every south state, 1866

victims included white repubs.

southern govs appealed to washing to help

10% Plan-10% of population in rebellious states muist take oath of loyalty

no punishment for secession

assassinated 1865

lincoln's successor, had task of overseeing the restoration of Union

demorcratic senate from TN

only southern congressman to remain when state seceded

not a good choice, only meant to be Lincoln's tool

nominated by repubs after impeachment of Johnson.

won election of 1868

penetrated the interior and enabled merchants in market centers to trade directly with the north.

railroad promoters reaped the benefits of the spread of cotton produciton in the post war south