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| ➢ The election was one by 3 electoral votes (Adams squeezed past Jefferson) |
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➢ Tripoli, Algiers, Morocco Demand Ransom for Captured Americans
• In 1801 the leader of Tripoli declared war on the United States
• The US had gotten into the habit of paying a sum for the ransom in Tripoli (also called Tribute)
➢ Jefferson Tries and Fails to Organize International Fleet
• When he becomes president, he decides not to pay this annual tribute anymore
• Charged for leading a secret mission - Decatur
• Decatur dressed up a ship to look like a wounding ship, when the pirates tried to capture it Decatur and the marines took over their ships!
• Dress as pirates themselves when they got to the harbor, and then freed all the Americans in the jails
• Successful 1st foreign war |
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| • In 1793, 3,000 men by Andrew Anthony Maine, dealing a crushing blow at the Battle of Fallen Timbers |
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• Toussaint rose up against their masters and wiped them out
• Napoleon sends an army
• The freed slave army defeats the French (and many French people caught disease) |
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• Jean Jacque replaced and his army defeated them later
• They lost a 27,000 man army
• Napoleon informs them they should by all the Louisiana purchase
• US double its sixe for only $15 million
• Fulfills Jefferson’s dream
• Thought it would take 100 of years for that land to be filled
• US government was in charge of the land and tried to sell it
• Insisted that the prices should be low, so even modest farmers can afford it |
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• Sent out in 1803 to explore the extent of the Louisiana purchase
• Did not see them for 2 ½ years
• Traveled 8,000 miles
• Brought back Indians, specimens of other animals
• Scaled mountains with French trapper and his wife, Sacajawea
• Jefferson wanted American presence on the west coast
• October 1809 was dead in a cabin in middle Tennessee |
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| Chesapeake-Leopard Affair |
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• June 21, 1807 was leaving the Chesapeake bay
• Three people on their crew were deserters form the British navy
• The captain of the British warship next to them saying if the Chesapeake leaves the harbor with these 2 deserters, we will attack
• They left anyways. Uh-oh!
• The leopard pounces on them when they left the ship
• The second in commands stopped it, once his officer had died
• The hung the American sailor on an American ship, the other two they took back with them to England
• Jefferson called for an embargo on all trade with Britain- to cut it all off
• Thousands of people lost their jobs |
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• Jefferson called for an embargo on all trade with Britain- to cut it all off
• This last five years form 1807-1812
• The south was doing fine, but the north was dependent on Britain
• In 1812 he stops this British embargo problem |
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• Madison asks congress for a declaration of war on Britain
• Takes 6 to 7 weeks for them to realize they were in war, at the same time though Britain decided they were going to not do those things anymore. Awk. They just missed each other
• Madison asks congress for a declaration of war on Britain
• Takes 6 to 7 weeks for them to realize they were in war, at the same time though Britain decided they were going to not do those things anymore. Awk. They just missed each other |
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• In the fall of 1814 a group of federalist delegates met in Hartford to formally protest the war
o Limit presidency to one term
o Declared 2/3 from senate not the majority
o Eliminate the 3/5 compromise
o End economic embargo on British Trade
o Some of them called for succession (division of the country – but this was voted down once they realized that Jackson had just defeated the British, so they believed it may look them as though they are committing treason) |
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o Congress asked Tennessee governor to have some kind of force to defend the port
o They arrive in new Orleans with few troops, and several Tennessee and Kentucky people, Indians, slaves, freed slaves, pirates/buccaneers – they smuggled goods (Lafitte brothers)
o The British didn’t have ladders, so the Americans just shot down the ditch and killed them
o When the battle is over, over 2,000 were wounded and killed (British) and then we only had about 30 casualties |
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| • Decatur dressed up a ship to look like a wounding ship, when the pirates tried to capture it Decatur and the marines took over their ships! |
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| o Jackson had attacked the Creek Indians there, and destroyed the Creek resistance at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend |
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| o The British had availed themselves of Indian allies, and they were the major enemies of southerners |
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o Forced them to give away their land
o They were his allies
o The great chief who actually saved Jackson’s life, had to give away his land |
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| Frontier State Constitutions |
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| -Joseph Smith found some gold plate that had inscriptions that were straight revelations from God, and believed he could interpret them in his own prophecy - saying that God was in America, and cause the very sinful people to become black (the Indians) |
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| o Evangelical experience led to “re-birth” and spread from the frontier back to the east |
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| -could only have two terms of Presidency |
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• Americas believed that plain words needed to be used to move the heart
• People can earn their salvation, and choose to be saved, endure a conversion experience
• Americans Reject Pre-Destination
o “Born-again” was the phrase from the second great awakening |
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| Elvis’s birthday, and the day Andrew Jackson won the battle |
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• Alexis wrote a book about Democracy In America
• After America confirmed its independence, there was a wave of foreigners who came to the shores of the country, and they realized that the Americans were extremely curious about what people thought about them, they asked them and talked to them rather than bowing |
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• Created the Anxious Bench – in order to be saved you need a conversion experience, but he believed they were more likely to have an experience, and he would ask the women, and they would call their husband out, so Finney would call his name and get everyone to pray for him (all 10,000), so he had a conversion experience (peer pressure)
• Told Americans that their destiny was in their own hands, they like that, that everything was equal |
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Joseph Smith dug up burial grounds and was a grave robber. Just enough valuable treasure was found, and his father believed he was clairvoyant and could find gold if he looked through this glass.
-wrote the book of mormon |
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o Thousands of people would gather (usually in the frontier states) camping in the fields, as several speakers spoke, many revival preacher spoke that God was near, and repentance was now
o Many people went through exorcisms
o Methodists were the largest Christian group in the country |
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The Battle of Trenton
Battle: Trenton
War: American Revolution
Date: 25th December 1776
Place: Trenton, New Jersey on the Delaware River
Combatants: Americans against Hessians and British troops
Generals: General George Washington against Colonel Rahl. |
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Battle of Yorktown 1781
Battle: YORKTOWN
War: American Revolutionary War
Date: 28th September to 19th October 1781
Place: Virginia, United States of America
Combatants: Americans and French against the British |
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| were 18th-century German soldiers hired through their rulers by the British Empire. About half were from Hesse |
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The Battle of Saratoga 1777
Battle: SARATOGA
War: American Revolutionary War
Date: 17th October 1777
Place: Saratoga on the Hudson River in New York State.
Combatants: British and German troops against the Americans.
Winner: The Americans forced the surrender of Burgoyne’s force. |
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| is a form of irregular warfare and refers to conflicts in which a small group of combatants including, but not limited to, armed civilians (or "irregulars") use military tactics, such as ambushes, sabotage, raids, the element of surprise, and extraordinary mobility to harass a larger and less-mobile traditional army, or strike a vulnerable target, and withdraw almost immediately. |
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| Pennsylvania encampment occupied by the American army from December 1777 to June 1778. The winter was particularly harsh, and the army was short on food, clothing, and supplies. But they hung on. The leadership of Commander-in-Chief George Washington and Baron von Steuben, the Prussian drill sergeant, kept the soldiers occupied and made them better, tougher soldiers in the end |
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| was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States |
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o 1825 this was completed
o A wide enough stream that was dug so wide cargo could be sailed down the canal from Buffalo to upstate NY, then down the Hudson river to NYC
o 363 miles long
o Sped up transportation AND lowered the cost |
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o Began operating in 1807 on the Hudson river
o Revolutionizes things for a lot of people, including those in Tennessee and Kentucky (takes 8 days instead of 90)
o Problems: limited in cargo, and because it was new, they were dangerous and tended to explode often |
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o Could reach everyone
o The “northwest” becomes more like Yankees with its resources to New England |
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o Spent most of his youth in bed because he was sick, especially because of his family
o He convinced himself that the greatest threat to American Health was sex – and marital sex was the only safe thing because it was boring
o To save all the young men who were masturbating themselves to death
o Change their diet
o Red meat, chocolate cake, white bread
o Need tastless food to get them to stop
o He died – and they made graham crackers |
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| o Focus in on one certain crop to sell on the market improving their quality of life, though sacrificing their security if that crop goes bad, since it was all devoted on one product |
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o Samuel Slater from England who had memorized the plans for a factory and migrated to America to make a steam powered loon
o Arrived in Boston and partnered with Lowell, and made the first production plant
o Used women, their clothes were cheaper than homemade
o Strict rules, and long hours, also fines were there if you talked on the job or broke the moral code (7 am – 7pm was work, with 30 minutes off)
o $2.30 a week for a girl on average |
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| Plug Uglies & Dead Rabbits |
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| o Most notorious crime gang |
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o 1844
o Philly ordered that the textbook uses the King James Version (Protestant) of the Bible – the Irish refused
o 50 apartment buildings were destroyed, and two churches, and on the army troops trying to stop it (all catholic residences)
o John Hue promised that if another catholic building was destroyed, he would let the Catholics level the city |
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o Education should be democratized
o Superintendent of public instruction in Massachusetts
o Schools could Americanize the children of immigrants (got many people to jump on board)
o Also convinced factory owners to support this (learning to take orders, and learning to be on time)
o Northerners liked this because they had immigrants and factories, southern states did not like it |
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o In 1815 the average American over 14 had 5 gallons of hard liquor a year
o In addition to the 30 1/3 gallons of hard cider they drank per American |
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| American Temperance Society |
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o Founded in 1825
o Anti-alcoholism movement
o Trying to get them to temper it down
o Alcoholism leave to suicide
o Women formed the Martha Washington society (every night you would smell your husbands breath)
o Took a “cold-water” pledge
o These efforts failed, and so the ATS pushed for state action, and successfully banned the sale of all alcohol and spirits |
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o Anti-drinking law
o Maine was the first state to make that sort of law
o By 1860, average American consumed 2 gallons of alcohol a year |
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o One of the prison inspectors
o Noticed that the insane (mentally handicapped) were in prison
o Pleaded with each state to get a separate institution for these people |
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o In New York – famous prison
o Idea was to give them each a cell, and were supposed to get religious instruction once a week, and learn to read/write once a week
o The officers pocketed a lot of the things they were supposed to have (the $ they were paid for working, their warm blankets)
o Sing-sing is what they called this prison
o Ended up being one of the worst prisons |
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o Right outside of Memphis
o Her and her followers bought a farm outside of Memphis, where there was no race distinction or forms of official marriage
o No female or male gender roles
o No religion
o So many people practiced free love, so nobody was working |
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