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•Leader of the Franks in the Roman province of Gaul
•brought Christianity to the region |
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| An Italian monk who wrote a book describing a strict yet practical set of rules for monasteries |
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| Benedict's sister, who took his rules and adapted them for women |
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| Gregory the Great (Gregory I) |
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•Became pope of the church in Rome in 1590
•He broadened the authority of the papacy beyond its spiritual role
•under Gregory the papacy became secular
•Used church revenues to raise armies, repair roads, and help the poor
•negotiated peace treaties with invaders like the Lombards
•Came up with the idea of a churchly kingdom ruled by a pope |
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•"mayor of the palace"
•an official who was the most powerful person in the Frankish kingdom |
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| Charles Martel (Charles the Hammer) |
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•mayor of the palace in 1719
•held more power than the king
•Extended the Frank's reign to the the north, south, and east
•Defeated Muslim raiders from Spain at the Battle of Tours |
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•Power in the Frankish kingdom was passed to him after his father Charles Martel died
•On behalf of the Church Pepin agreed to fight the Lombards, who had invaded Italy and threatened Rome
•Pope anointed Pepin "king by the grace of God"
•This began the Carolingian Dynasty |
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| Charlemagne (Charles the Great) |
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•Pepin the Short left the Frankish kingdom to his two sons Charles and Carloman
•when Carloman died Charles ruled the kingdom
•Built an empire greater than any since Ancient Rome
•Each summer he led his armies against enemies that surrounded the kingdom
•Conquered new lands and through his conquests spread Christianity
•Pope Leo III crowned him Roman Emperor, which signaled the joining of the the Germanic power, the Church, and the heritage of the Roman Empire
•Stengthened royal power by limiting the nobles' authority
•Opened a palace school
•Ordered monasteries to open schools to train future monks and priests |
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•Son of Charlemagne, who came to power in the Carolingian Dynasty after him
•Ineffective ruler
•Had three sons: Lothair, Charles the Bald, and Louis the German |
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