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American Government Exam 1
For Class
77
Political Studies
Undergraduate 2
10/19/2011

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Term
Globalization
Definition
How nations are connected
Term
Government
Definition
An organization that keeps the social order
Term
National Soverignty
Definition
when a group has the right to settle it's affairs politically
Term
Order
Definition
creating social stability
Term
Communism
Definition
A political system where all goods are divided equally. Goods controlled by government
Term
Public goods
Definition
Goods and services provided by government
Term
Freedom of
Definition
No restraints of behavior
Term
Freedom from
Definition
Immunity... Freedom from slavery.
Term
Police Power
Definition
The government powers to maintain order.
Term
Political Equality
Definition
one vote per person...
Term
Social Equality
Definition
Equality in status
Term
Equality in opprotunity
Definition
Idea that everyone has the same chances of succeeding.
Term
equality of outcome
Definition
concept that government has to regulate status and wealth by redistributing.
Term
Rights
Definition
What citizens of a nation are entitled to
Term
Political idealogy
Definition
a set of ideas that match a persons beliefs on the amount of power government should receive
Term
totaltarianism
Definition
unlimited government power
Term
Socialism
Definition
a form of rule which government regulates private industry and regulation of economy, allows some private businesses.
Term
Democratic Socialism
Definition
guarantees civil liberties, citizens vote on policies.
Term
Capitalism
Definition
government that favors private business.
Term
Libertarianism
Definition
Freedom from government except in protecting life and property
Term
laissez Faire
Definition
opposes any government in business.
Term
anarchism
Definition
opposes any government
Term
liberals
Definition
use government to promote equality but not order.
Term
conservatives
Definition
order but not equality.
Term
Libertarians
Definition
opposed to order or equality.
Term
communitarians
Definition
promote order and equality
Term
democracy
Definition
the people rule directly or indirectly
Term
procedural democratic theory
Definition
everyone should participate
Term
universal participation
Definition
everyone should participate in politics
Term
majority rule
Definition
the decision should reflect at least greater than half.
Term
participatory democracy
Definition
Where people rule themselves rather than officials
Term
representative democracy
Definition
where public officials are elected
Term
responsiveness
Definition
when the government does what the majority of people want them to do
Term
substansive democratic theory
Definition
the government is embodied in the policy it makes rather than the procedure
Term
minority rights
Definition
rights that government cannot deny to anyone including minorities
Term
majoritarian model
Definition
government is ruled by the majority
Term
pluralist model
Definition
government is controled by interest groups
Term
elite theory
Definition
that a small group of people make decisions in government
Term
oligarchy
Definition
power is concentrated on few people
Term
social contract theory
Definition
belief people should have the right to remove rulers that dont represent their interest
Term
Republic
Definition
A government without a monarchy.
Term
confederation
Definition
a loose associatiation of independent states that agree to cooperate on manners.
Term
virginia plan
Definition
seperated government into 3 parts
Term
New Jersey plan
Definition
an attempt to amend the Articles of confederation
Term
Great Compromise
Definition
Votes depend on population
Term
Republicanism
Definition
where people have power but the government officials excersize them.
Term
Federalism
Definition
division between state and federal government
Term
Federalism
Definition
division between state and federal government
Term
enumerated powers
Definition
granted to congress by constitution
Term
implied
Definition
powers that congress has in order to carry out enumerated
Term
Nessacary and proper clause
Definition
Elastic clase, section 8
Term
judicial review
Definition
power to declare government act invalid because of violation of the government
Term
supremecy clause
Definition
the clause in article VI that says national government has authority over state.
Term
Municipal government
Definition
city and town governments
Term
POlitical socialization
Definition
process which people acquire political value
Term
Equal opprotunities rule
Definition
rule that stated that a broadcast must give both sides of politics equal airtime
Term
gatekeepers
Definition
media executives
Term
Horse race journalism
Definition
focus on which candidate is ahead instead of important issues
Term
tv hypothesis
Definition
belief that tv is at fault for the people's lack of political knowledge
Term
watchdog journalism
Definition
critisizes business and public
Term
direct action
Definition
ralllies, riots
Term
supportive behavior
Definition
behavior that shows support of current government
Term
influencing behavior
Definition
behavior that tries to change the government policies
Term
franchise
Definition
sufferage, right to vote
Term
progressivism
Definition
based on goodness of people and wisomd of instead of groups
Term
refferendum
Definition
election on a policy issue
Term
initiative
Definition
procedure where voters propose an issue to be decided.
Term
standard socioeconomical model
Definition
more money, more education, more participation
Term
political party
Definition
sponsors a candidate.
Term
nomination
Definition
a political parties candidate.
Term
political system
Definition
what links people with government
Term
critical election
Definition
where election creates a sharp change in existing parties
Term
electoral realignment
Definition
change in voting patterns after the critical election
Term
electoral dealignment
Definition
when the importance of a party in voting lessens..
Term
front-loading
Definition
when states hold caucass early
Term
open election
Definition
When an election lacks an incumbent
Term
527 comittee
Definition
political organization of the IRC tax-exempt and accept unlimited funds but cannot advocate a candidate
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