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| A philosophical guide that people use to help translate their values and beliefs into political prefernces |
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| the summation of individual opinions on any particular topic or issue |
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| the theory that public policy largely results from a variety of intrest groups competing with one another to promote laws that beneift members of their respective groups |
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| the means by which instest groups attempt to influence goverment officals to make decisions favorable to their goals |
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| An organization of people with shared goals that tries to influence public policy through a variety of activities |
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Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
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| is an independent agency of the United States government, created, directed, and empowered by Congressional statute (see 47 U.S.C. § 151 and 47 U.S.C. § 154), and with the majority of its commissioners appointed by the current President. The FCC works towards six goals in the areas of broadband, competition, the spectrum, the media, public safety and homeland security, and modernizing the FCC.[1] The FCC was established by the Communications Act of 1934 as the successor to the Federal Radio Commission and is charged with regulating all non-federal government use of the radio spectrum (including radio and television broadcasting), and all interstate telecommunications (wire, satellite and cable) as well as all international communications that originate or terminate in the United States. It is an important factor in U.S. telecommunication policy. The FCC took over wire communication regulation from the Interstate Commerce Commission. The FCC's mandated jurisdiction covers the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. possessions. Due however to close geographic proximity to the United States, the FCC also provides varied degrees of cooperation, oversight, and leadership for similar communications bodies in other countries of North America. The FCC has a 2009 proposed budget of $466 million which is funded by $1 million in taxpayer appropriations and the rest in regulatory fees. It has 1,899 "full-time equivalent" federal employees |
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| An election that produces sharp changes in patterns of party loyalty among voters |
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| an organization that seeks to win elections for the purpose of inflecting the outputs of governemnt. |
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| A party system dominated by 2 major parties that win the vast majority of elections |
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| the requirement that individuals prove that they can read and write before being allowed to vote |
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| the requiremnt that individual pay a fee before being allowed to vote |
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| The idea that all citizens in a nation have the right to vote |
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when you can show up on Election Day and declare your party affiliation. Once chosen, you proceed to voting for the candidate you desire in your respective party
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when you must declare your party affiliation before the election takes place. When the election occurs, you are only allowed to vote in your predetermined party primary
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| This serves the same purpose as the primaries, but is more procedural and systematic. Party members from each party are invited to attend local meetings. Delegates are then selected in these local meeting to attend a regional meeting. At this regional meeting, they then vote again and send the selected delegates to a statewide caucus. This final vote will determine who they send to the national convention |
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| When a presidential race is bettween a sitting president and a new challenger (i.e. 2004 and 2012) |
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| When both candidates are new and not running for reelection |
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| 538 members; majority number of voted decides who our president is. Number reflects each member of congress |
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| money that is contributed directly to candidates and their campaign committees |
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funds sent to political parties and political advocacy groups that are not contributed directly to candidate campaigns and do not expressly advocate the election of a particular candidate.
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| The Prenomination Campaign |
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| This begins right when a new president is sworn in. These future potential candidates will begin to assess the variables that will dictate them being a viable contender. These variables include but are not limited to: ability to raise money; ability to get the support of key members of a given party; attract attention from the news media. |
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| The Nomination Campaign (January to June of the election year) |
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| this is when the primaries or caucuses are held in each state to see which candidate the state’s delegates will support. |
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| this is where the party announces to the nation who there candidate will be for the upcoming election. Previously, this was used to announce the party’s platform (stance on important issues, new ideologies, etc.), but now this serves a more as a unifying event internally and a critiquing of the opponent externally. |
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| The General Election Campaign |
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This involves a nationwide (worldwide in some instances) tour for the two major-party nominees. There usually includes a series of nationally televised debates between the nominees (presidential and vice-presidential).
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The Electoral College decision
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The candidate that receives the majority of electoral votes nationwide wins the election. The Electoral College is based on the amount of members each state has in Congress (House of Rep. members and Senate members).
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Federal Election Commission (FEC)
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-Established in 1974
-enforces all campaign financing rules and regulations
-Today, the FEC is a federal agency that only enforces election laws |
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| The Three Levels of political opinion |
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1. The borad level of values and beliefs
2. intermediate level of political Orientation/party affilation
3. Specfic level of preferences- preferences of a particular issue |
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| prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (i.e., slavery). It was ratified on February 3, 1870. |
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| prohibits each state and the federal government from denying any citizen the right to vote because of that citizen's sex. It was ratified on August 18, 1920. |
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| permits the District of Columbia to choose Electors for President and Vice President. The amendment was proposed by Congress on June 17, 1960, and ratified by the states on March 29, 1961. The first Presidential election in which it was in effect was the presidential election of 1964. |
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| economic and non economic |
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| What does a critical election do? |
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| Why was the FCC made and what are its functions |
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Definition
It was made to regulate the eletronic media through the licensing of broadcasters and creating rules for broadcasters to follow
1. provide objective coverage of events
2. facilitating public debate
3. serve as a government watchdog |
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