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American & French Revolutions
New ideas of thinking led to revolution
24
History
10th Grade
05/17/2008

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Cards

Term
Baron de Montesqieu
Definition
he wrote a book called On the Spirit of Laws that explained that a separation of powers would not let one group become too powerful. This idea of power being a check to power later became known as checks and balances.
Term
Volaire
Definition
champion of free speech, a free press, and civil liberties, was often in trouble and even found himself in Bastille prison. Recommended a balance between the heart and the mind.
Term
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Definition

"Social Contract"

history repeats itself

people born good, but society and education corrupts them. popular sovereignty, laws created by the people. in ways, he distrusted the views of The Enlightenment and reason.

Term
Lord North
Definition

British Prime Minister under George III

Repealed Townshend acts

Term
Louis XV
Definition

Financial trouble of France

extravagant

borrows lots of $$

Term
Louis XVI
Definition

married marie antoinette

called an estates general to get some money

Term
how did the National Assembly begin?
Definition
Louis xvi didnt let the estates vote together, so th third estate proclaimed themselves the NA, beginning the French Revolution
Term
Tennis Court Oath
Definition
representatives declared that they would not stop meeting until a new constitution was written
Term
Tailles
Definition
tax
Term
Great Fear
Definition
was a peiord in during the french revolution where every one was in fear because people were getting killed for no reason or was called a revolutionary when really they weren’t
Term
Declaration of the Rights of Men and the Citizen
Definition
declaration written during the French revolution was written by the commoners in the national assembly
Term

Coup d'`etat

Definition

a sudden overthrow of the government

napoleon.

Term
Olympe de gouges
Definition
famous writer wrote the declaration of the rights of women and female citizens
Term
Legislative Assembly
Definition
The National Asembly dissolved, and created the Legiaslative assemlby, and no one was aloud to run for election who was part of the NA. Conservatives radicals and moderates
Term
the commune
Definition
the group of radicals that took control of france during the war.accused louis of plotting against france with foreign powere
Term
National Convention
Definition

divided in three groups:

1 gerondists- were republicans of middle class.

2 jacobins-republicans that favored domination by Paris. [Robespierre and George Jacques Danton]

3 third group had no definate views, most became jacobins.

ruled 3 years, and wanted to end revolts. tried louis of treason and cut his head off.

Term
Robespierre
Definition

instigated Reign of Terror

 

Term
Georges Jacques Danton
Definition
Hated old regime, wanted a french republic
Term
Napoleon Bonaparte
Definition
-became first consul after the Reign of Terror -became emperor by plebiscite -basically took over all of Europe -finally, he was defeated by Wellington and Blucher in teh battle of Waterloo -exiled to Elba, escaped, and then sent to St. Helena, where he died
Term
Horatio Nelson
Definition
He was a British naval officer and the leader in the Battle of Trafalgar. He was a major hero in England because he saved Britain from the invasion of Napoleon.
Term
castlereagh  
Definition
The British foreign secretary who negotiated the treaty of Chaumont that restored the bourbons to the French throne and returned france to its 1792 frontier.
Term
Metternich
Definition

organized the coalition that triumphed over Napoleon

part of congress of vienna 

Term
Talleyrand
Definition
Chief French representative at the Congress
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