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Alternation of Generations
Alternation of generations in plants; angiosperms, mosses, ferns
24
Biology
Undergraduate 1
11/16/2010

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Term
Sporophyte
Definition
plant that produces spores; phase of the plant life cycle is diploid (2n)
Term
Meiosis
Definition
one diploid cell divides to form four haploid cells
Term
Spore
Definition
product of meiosis; haploid cells resulting from meiotic cell; marks the initiation of the gametophyte generation
Term
Gametophyte
Definition
produces gametes; phase is haploid (n); formed by cell divisions of a spore
Term
Gamete
Definition
produced from mitotic cell divisions of the gametophyte; Two fuse at fertilization to produce a zygote
Term
Zygote
Definition
product of fertilization; diploid because it results from the fusion of two haploid gametes; marks the initiation of the sporophyte
Term
Sexual reproduction always includes
Definition
meiosis and fertilization.
Term
Asexual reproduction never
Definition
includes Meisosis/fertilization
Term
Plants with sexual reproduction always have
Definition
  • part of the life cycle where all cells are haploid
  • part of the life cycle where all cells are diploid
Term
part of the life cycle where all cells are haploid
Definition

the gametophyte

 

Term
part of the life cycle where all cells are diploid
Definition
the sporophyte
Term
[image]
Definition

1. fertilization

2. mitosis

3. mitosis

4. meiosis

5. mitosis

6. mitosis

Term
[image]
Definition

1. gamete

2. zygote

3. sporophyte

4. sporangia

5. spores

6. gametophyte

Term
Sporangia
Definition
specialized structures on the diploid plant where meiosis is going to occur; produces spores
Term
specialized male structures produced in gametophyte
Definition
Antheridia
Term
specialized female structures produced in gametophyte
Definition
archegonia
Term
Mat of moss is
Definition
gametophyte
Term
short stalks on moss
Definition
hold antheridia and archegonia; sporophyte forms in capsule (sporangium)
Term
Underside of fern fronds
Definition
Sporangia form; meiosis takes place and spores are formed; these are released to ground
Term
prothallus
Definition
adult gametophyte in ferns; formed by mitiotic functions in spores
Term
Fern independent generations
Definition
both the sporophyte and the gametophyte are independent
Term
generative cell
Definition
will undergo another mitotic division to form two sperm b/c angiosperms have endosperm
Term
megasporangia
Definition
divides by meiosis; (only one survives); this goes through 3 mitotic divisions (2 x 2 x 2 = 8)
Term
dependent part in flowering plant
Definition
Gametophyte (can not live independently)
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