Term
|
Definition
| AKA uremic poisoning, a toxic condition resulting from renal failure in which kidney function is compromised and urea is retained in the blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| condition in which very high levels of protein are lost in the urine and abnormally low levels of protein are present in the blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| the absence of urine formation by the kidneys |
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Term
|
Definition
| the presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine |
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Term
|
Definition
| the presence of abnormally low concentrations of protein in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| the dilation (swelling) of one or both kidneys |
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Term
|
Definition
| the distention of the pelvis of the kidney |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA Bright's disease, a type of kidney caused by inflammation of the glomeruli that causes RBCs and proteins to leak into the urine |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA pyonephrosis, suppuration of the kidney |
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Term
| polycystic kidney disease |
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Definition
| a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidney |
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Term
|
Definition
| a malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in young children |
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Term
|
Definition
| the presence of stones in the kidney |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA renal calculus or kidney stone, found in the kidney |
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Term
|
Definition
| stone located anywhere along the ureter |
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Term
|
Definition
| a stone located within the urinary bladder |
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Term
|
Definition
| the distention of the ureter with urine that cannot flow because the ureter is blocked |
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Term
|
Definition
| the distention of a ureter |
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Term
|
Definition
| the discharge of blood from the ureter |
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Term
|
Definition
| an inflammation of the urethra |
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Term
|
Definition
| an inflammation of the bladder |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA fallen bladder, a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall |
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Term
|
Definition
| a chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder |
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Term
|
Definition
| an abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina that allows the constant flow of urine from the bladder into the vagina |
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Term
|
Definition
| urinary problem caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination |
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Term
|
Definition
| bleeding from the urethra |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| a congenital abnormality of the urethral opening |
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Term
|
Definition
| a congenital abnormality of the urethral opening |
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Term
| benign prostatic hypertrophy |
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Definition
| AKA benign prostatic hyperplasia, enlarged prostate, or prostatomegaly, is an abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland that occurs must often in men over age 50 |
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Term
|
Definition
| the condition of having symptoms resulting from compression or obstruction of the urethra due to benign prostatic hypertrophy |
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Term
|
Definition
| the increased output of urine |
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Term
|
Definition
| the involuntary discharge of urine |
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Term
|
Definition
| urinary incontinence during sleep |
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Term
|
Definition
| excessive urination during the night |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| the inability to control the excretion of urine and feces |
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Term
|
Definition
| the insertion of a tube into the bladder in order to procure a sterile specimen for diagnostic purposes |
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Term
|
Definition
| the visual examination of the urinary bladder using a cytoscope |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA excretory urography, a radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters |
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Term
| voiding cystourethrography |
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Definition
| diagnostic procedure in which a fluoroscope is used to examine the flow from the bladder and though the urethra |
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Term
| prostate-specific antigen |
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Definition
| blood test used to screen for prostate cancer |
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Term
|
Definition
| procedure to remove waste products from the blood of a patient whose kidneys no longer function |
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Term
|
Definition
| process by which waste products are filtered directly from the patient's blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| freeing of a kidney from adhesions |
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Term
|
Definition
| the establishment of an opening from the pelvis of the kidney to the exterior of the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| the surgical repair of the renal pelvis |
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Term
|
Definition
| a surgical incision into the renal pelvis |
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Term
| extracorporeal shockwave lithoripsy |
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Definition
| (ESWL) the destruction of stones with the use of high-energy ultrasonic waves traveling through water or gel |
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Term
| percutaneous nepholithotomy |
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Definition
| performed by making a small incision in the back and insertion a nephroscope to crush and remove a kidney stone |
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Term
|
Definition
| the surgical suturing of a ureter |
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Term
|
Definition
| the surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall |
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Term
|
Definition
| surgical incision for the removal of a stone from the bladder |
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Term
| suprapubic catheterization |
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Definition
| the placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made through the abdominal wall just above the pubic bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| surgical fixation of the urethra |
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Term
|
Definition
| the surgical creation of a permanent opening between the urethra and the skin |
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Term
|
Definition
| term used to describe some types of treatment of prostate cancer, describe the removal of a body part or the destruction of its function by surgery, hormones, drugs, heat, chemicals, electrocautery, or other methods |
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Term
|
Definition
| chemical substances that make it possible for messages to cross from the synapse of a neuron to the target receptor |
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Term
|
Definition
| the thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges |
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Term
|
Definition
| a medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia, but is not a physician, for example, a nurse anesthetist |
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Term
|
Definition
| can be preceded by a warning aura, characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head |
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Term
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Definition
| the congenital herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column |
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Term
|
Definition
| a condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| an inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
|
Definition
| a group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language |
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Term
|
Definition
| describe the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory |
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Term
|
Definition
| a slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, including memory, thinking, and judgment, that is often accompanied by personality changes |
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Term
|
Definition
| an inflammation of the brain, can be caused by a viral infection such as rabies |
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Term
|
Definition
| (PD) a chronic, degenerative central nervous disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait |
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Term
|
Definition
| (RS) a potentially serious or deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion |
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Term
|
Definition
| a violent shaking up or jarring of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| bruising of brain tissue as the result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull |
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Term
|
Definition
| a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| the results of a child being violently shaken by someone |
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Term
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Definition
| lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA fainting, the brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| a profound state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movements, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of sleep |
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Term
|
Definition
| an acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| the most common type of stroke in older people, occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA a bleed, occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks |
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Term
|
Definition
| a sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes |
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Term
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Definition
| an inflammation of the spinal cord |
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Term
|
Definition
| nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region |
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Term
|
Definition
| a progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath |
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Term
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
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Definition
| (ALS) AKA Lou Gehrig's disease, a rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles |
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Term
|
Definition
| the temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only of the affected side of the face |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA infectious polyneuritis, an inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that can lead to temporary paralysis |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the sciatic nerve that results in pain, burning, or tingling along the course of the affected sciatic nerve through the thigh, leg, and foot |
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Term
|
Definition
| characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
| a condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies due to damage that affects the cerebrum |
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Term
|
Definition
| a chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severity |
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Term
|
Definition
| persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
| a condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli |
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Term
|
Definition
| refers to a burning or prickling sensation that usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can also occur in other parts of the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA peripheral neuritis, a disorder of the nerves that carry information to and from the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| ultrasound study of the carotid artery |
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Term
|
Definition
| the use of ultrasound imaging to diagnose a shift in the midline structures of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| the process of recording the electrical activity of the brain through the use of electrodes attached to the scalp |
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Term
|
Definition
| a radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture |
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Term
|
Definition
| the medication used to induce anesthesia |
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Term
|
Definition
| regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine |
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Term
|
Definition
| mental conditions characterized by excessive irrational dread of everyday situations, or fear that is out of proportion to the real danger in a situation |
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Term
| obsessive-compulsive disorder |
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Definition
| anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unwanted obsession |
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Term
|
Definition
| characterized by a group of intense emotional feelings that include apprehension, fearfulness, and terror |
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Term
| posttraumatic stress disorder |
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Definition
| (PTSD) may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror |
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Term
|
Definition
| an excessive fear of being in high places |
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Term
|
Definition
| an abnormal fear of being in narrow or enclosed spaces |
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Term
|
Definition
| an abnormal fear of being in narrow or enclosed spaces |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA autistic disorder, describes a group of conditions in which a young child cannot develop normal social relationships |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA developmental reading disorder, a learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols |
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Term
|
Definition
| a condition in which an individual acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick |
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Term
|
Definition
| a disorder characterized by the repeated pulling out of one's own hair |
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Term
|
Definition
| a false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary |
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Term
|
Definition
| a sensory perception experienced in the absence of an external stimulation |
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Term
|
Definition
| a psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions, and hallucinations, and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances |
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Term
|
Definition
| characterized by fearing that one has a serious illness despite appropriate medical evaluation and reassurance |
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Term
|
Definition
| a disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol |
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Term
|
Definition
| appendages or accessory structures of an organ |
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Term
|
Definition
| normal relationship between the refractive power of the eye and the shape of the eye that enables light rays to focus correctly on the retina |
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Term
|
Definition
| holds a Doctor of Optometry degree and specializes in measuring the accuracy of vision to determine whether corrective lenses are needed |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA ptosis, dropping of the upper eyelid that is usually due to paralysis |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA internal stye, localized swelling inside the eyelid resulting from obstruction a sebaceous gland |
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Term
|
Definition
| the eversion of the edge of an eyelid |
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Term
|
Definition
| the inversion of the edge of an eyelid |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA stye, a pus-filled lesion on the eyelid resulting from an infection in a sebaceous gland |
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Term
|
Definition
| swelling surrounding the eye or eyes |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA pinkeye, an inflammation of the conjunctiva that is usually caused by an infection or allergy |
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Term
|
Definition
| an inflammation of the lacrimal gland that can be caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infection |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA dry eye, drying of eye surfaces including the conjunctiva |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA anterior uveitis, an inflammation of the uveal tract affection primarily structures in the front of the eye |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the cornea |
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Term
|
Definition
| a benign growth on the cornea that can become large enough to distort vision |
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Term
|
Definition
| an inflammation of the sclera |
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Term
|
Definition
| a condition in which the pupils are unequal in size |
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Term
|
Definition
| the loss of transparency of the lens that causes a progressive loss of visual clarity |
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Term
|
Definition
| an involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball that can be congenital or caused by a neurological injury or drug use |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA choked disk, swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the eye through the optic disk |
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Term
|
Definition
| a group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure that cause damage to the retinal nerve fibers and the optic nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA double vision, the perception of two images of a single object |
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Term
|
Definition
| blindness in one-half of the visual field |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA night blindness, a condition in which an individual with normal daytime vision has difficulty seeing at night |
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Term
|
Definition
| the condition of common changes in the eyes that occur with aging |
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Term
|
Definition
| a disorder in which the eyes point in different directions or are not aligned correctly because the eye muscles are unable to focus together |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA cross-eyes, strabismus characterized by an inward deviation of one or both eyes |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA walleye, strabismus characterized by the outward deviation of one eye relative to the other |
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Term
|
Definition
| any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina |
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Term
|
Definition
| a condition in which the eye doesn't focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA farsightedness, a defect in which light rays focus beyond the retina |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA nearsightedness, a defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina |
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Term
|
Definition
| dimness of vision or the partial loss of sight, especially in one eye without detectable disease of the eye |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA funduscopy, the visual examination of the fundus (back part) of the eye with an ophthalmoscope |
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Term
|
Definition
| the measurement of intraocular pressure |
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Term
|
Definition
| a radiographic study of the blood vessels in the retina of the eye following the intravenous injection of a fluorescein dye as a contrast medium |
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Term
|
Definition
| the partial, or complete, suturing together of the upper and lower eyelids |
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Term
|
Definition
| the surgical removal of a portion of the tissue of the iris |
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Term
|
Definition
| a surgical procedure to treat myopia |
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Term
|
Definition
| the removal of vitreous fluid and its replacement with a clear solution |
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Term
|
Definition
| used to treat open-angle glaucoma by creating openings in the trabecular meshwork to allow fluid to drain properly |
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Term
|
Definition
| used to reattach the detached area in a retinal detachment |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA swimmer's ear, a fungal infection of the external auditory canal |
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Term
|
Definition
| the flow of pus from the ear |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| pressure-related ear discomfort that can be caused by pressure changes when flying, driving in the mountains, scuba diving, or when the eustachian tube is blocked |
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Term
|
Definition
| AKA salpingitis, inflammation of the eustachian tube |
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Term
|
Definition
| a contagious inflammation that causes painful blisters on the eardrum |
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Term
|
Definition
| the ankylosis of the bones of the middler ear, resulting in a conductive hearing loss |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the middle ear |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a sense of whirling, dizziness, and the loss of balance, that is often combined with nausea and vomiting |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a gradual loss of sensorineural hearing that occurs as the body ages |
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Term
|
Definition
| the use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear |
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Term
|
Definition
| the surgical removal or mastoid cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| the surgical incision in the eardrum to create an opening for the placement of tympanostomy tubes |
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Term
|
Definition
| the surgical removal of the top portion of the stapes bones and the insertion of a small prosthetic device known as a piston that conducts sound vibrations to the inner ear |
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Term
|
Definition
| the surgical removal of all or a portion of the labyrinth |
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Term
|
Definition
| an implanted electronic device that can give deaf person a useful auditory understanding of the environment and/or hearing and help them to understand speech |
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