Euglena (Euglenoid)

• chl  a and b; carotenoids
• paramylon
• pellicle of proteinaceous strips under plasma membrane

• chl a and b; carotenoids
• paramylon
• pellicle of proteinaceous strips under plasma membrane

Cryptomonads (cryptophyta)

• chl a and c; carotenoids and some with phycobilins
• Secondary endosymbiosis (four bounding chloroplast membranes!)
• starch
• stiff layer of proteinaceous strips under plasma membrane

Haptophytes (Haptophyta)

• chl a and c; carotenoids including fucoxanthin, which is golden brown
• secondary endosymbiosis (multiple bounding chloroplast membranes!)
• Haptonema (catch prey? sensory? navigate?)
• Chrysolaminarin
• scales of cellulose or calcified organic material (coccoliths)

Dinoflagellates (Alveolata)

• chl a and c; carotenoids, mainly peridinin
• alveoli (small, membrane-bond cavities)
• starch
• stiff cellulose plates form a theca
• mixotrophic (utilizes different types of obtaining energy)
• many dinoflagellates are zooxanthellae symbionts; important in coral reefs

Diatoms (Stramenopiles)

• chl a and c; carotenoids; mainly fucoxanthin
• chrysolaminarin
• accounts for 25% of global carbon fixation
• frustules: a silica-containing cell walls consisting of 2 overlapping halves
• pennate or centric
• raphe on valve face for location
• marine diatoms and mixed diatoms

Chrysophytes (Stramenopiles)

• chl a and c; carotenoids, mainly fucoxanthin
• chyrsolaminarin
• Ochromonas