Term
How do you calculate pitch? |
|
Definition
Pitch is the rise (vertical distance)
Divided by the run
(horizontal distance)
RC 134 |
|
|
Term
The umbrella organization, International Code Council (ICC),
was established what year?
1985, 1994, 1996, or 2001 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are four types of
foundations ? |
|
Definition
Grade-Beam
Crawl-Space
Full basement
Pier
RC 45-49
|
|
|
Term
Americans with Disabilites Act, which was effective in 1992, did what? |
|
Definition
It was a law that applied to access to public buildings
(public accomondations)
RC 10 |
|
|
Term
The International Residential Code (IRC)
replaces what code ? |
|
Definition
One- and Two-Family Dwelling Code
(CABO)
RC 8 |
|
|
Term
Name one federal publication that addresses design guidelines for people with disabilities. |
|
Definition
Fair Housing Accessibility Guidelines
or
Design guidelines for Accessible/Adaptable Dwellings
RC 11 |
|
|
Term
What does IRC cover that CABO did not? |
|
Definition
IRC includes criteria for building in areas prone to floods, high winds, and seismic activity.
RC 8 |
|
|
Term
What law was passed to make buildings more accessible to people with physical limitations?
In what year? |
|
Definition
Americans with Disabilities Act
in 1992
RC 10
|
|
|
Term
What should you inspect prior to starting a design on an existing house? |
|
Definition
Location of waste line and vents
Size and capacity of service panel
Location of load-bearing walls
Signs of damage inside and out, inc. poor insulation, moisture damage
Location and size of heating registers
Age and condition of existing systems
RC 5 |
|
|
Term
What size footings are needed for post and pier supports? |
|
Definition
They must be sized to distribute the pier/post weight onto the post without sinking
RC 49 |
|
|
Term
What are EPA asbestos abatement
policies ? |
|
Definition
Encapsulation
Enclosure
Encasement
Repair
Removal
RC 11 |
|
|
Term
What are the types of roofs? |
|
Definition
Gable
Shed
Hip
Gambrel
Butterfly
Mansard
Flat
RC 127 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Continuous horizontal members
(chords) held apart by a series of
short struts (web members)
arranged in triangles
RC 64
|
|
|
Term
What is the purpose of a
foundation ?
|
|
Definition
The foundation carries the weight
of the house
and anchors it to the ground
RC 44 |
|
|
Term
What are the three requirements
for the depth of a foundation ? |
|
Definition
Extend below the frost line (or at
least 12 " below grade)
Extend into the solid bearing material
Provide space for mechanical or
electrical equipment, and/or utility
or living space (typically 18" or more)
RC 44 |
|
|
Term
What are the layers of a mudset
floor in a shower? |
|
Definition
Double (or larger)joists for added weight
3/4" plywood subfloor, recessed for mortar thickness
Two-piece clamping drain
Poly or felt cleavage membrane
Plastic or copper shower pan
Reinforced mortar bed, sloped 1/4" per ft
Floor tiles set in mortar (mudset)
RC 178 |
|
|
Term
What guidelines were blended into
the NKBA KP and BP books ? |
|
Definition
Fair Housing Accessibility Guidelines,
Design Guidelines for Accessible/Adaptable-
Dwellings, published by the US
Department of Housing and Urban
Developement (HUD)
RC 11 |
|
|
Term
What energy code is used presently? |
|
Definition
The International Energy
Conservation Code (IECC)
RC 10 |
|
|
Term
What are the parts of a wall in a
platform construction, from
ground to roof ? |
|
Definition
Foundation
Mudsill
Band (rim) joist
Floor Joist
Bottom (sole) Plate
Studs
Double top plate
Ceiling Joist
Rafter (& ridge board)
RC 83 |
|
|
Term
What are the rules for notching a joist? |
|
Definition
-Notches in the top or bottom of a joist cannot exceed 1/6th the depth of the joist
-No notch in the middle 1/3rd of joist
-Notches at the end of the joist should not exceed 1/4th the depth of the joist
-Holes cannot exceed 1/3rd of actual depth
RC 67 |
|
|
Term
Exterior insulated finish and sheathing systems (EIFS) employ several layers. What are they? |
|
Definition
-Felt
-Rigid foam
-Fiberglass mesh
-Two coats of elastomeric coating
RC 98 |
|
|
Term
What types of reinforcement is used in concrete block walls ? |
|
Definition
-Wall contains wire mesh at every 6th course
-Vertical rebars in grouted cores around openings
-When required by code, reinforced bond beams above openings and along the top of the wall
RC 91 |
|
|
Term
In a gable roof, what two methods of construction counter thrust? |
|
Definition
-Ties running between rafters to keep the walls from spreading; the lower the ties the more effective they are
-Supporting the rafters at the ridge with a bearing wall or ridge beam
RC 130
|
|
|
Term
What are the common types of residential cladding materials? |
|
Definition
-Real wood siding: horizontal or vertical
-Shingles or shakes
-Composition siding (cement or wood based) -Plywood panel siding
-Vinyl siding
-Metal siding
-Stucco and EIFS
RC 92-99 |
|
|
Term
What functions do interior walls perform? |
|
Definition
-Reduce or isolate sound
-Allows privacy from others
-Provide security
-Control airflow between rooms
-Support floors or roofs above
RC 148 |
|
|
Term
What are the advantages of trusses? |
|
Definition
-They do not bend
-They save in labor because they are prefabricated and arrive ready to install
-They can span greater distances
-Easy to install pipes and ducts
RC 133 & 134 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rafters are sized according to the loads they carry and their spacing
RC 132 |
|
|
Term
What are three types of separate showers commonly used? |
|
Definition
-Site-built, with walls that can be built (framed) to fit any configuration
-One-piece unit that mounts into a stud surround
-Pre-fabricated one-piece base and site built walls
RC 154
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
According to the appearance of the facing veneer, strength characteristics, and water resistance.
RC 173 |
|
|
Term
What is the advantages of skim-coat plaster on blueboard over drywall? |
|
Definition
-The coating covers the entire surface, leaving no unevenness between joints of the drywall and center field
-It has better sound dampening
-It has better fire resistance
-It requires no sanding
-The surface can be painted with 24 hours of the skim-coat application
RC 168 |
|
|
Term
What do you look for when assessing wall conditions? |
|
Definition
-Look for crumbling plaster, dampness, and cracks
-Check straightness of walls
RC 162 |
|
|
Term
Why would you specify adding a "sister" stud to an existing wall? |
|
Definition
-To even out a wall
-To increase a wall's thickness
RC 164 |
|
|
Term
To accomplish conservation goals, MEC allows two approaches. What are they? |
|
Definition
-Performance standards
-Prescriptive standards
RC 9 |
|
|
Term
What is a dependable method for attaching glue-down flooring to a slab? |
|
Definition
-3/4" plywood power-nailed to the slab
-3/4" plywood power-nailed to 2x4 wood sleepers, spaced 16" apart and power-nailed to the slab
Both methods require a moisture barrier between the slab and wood substrate
RC 180 |
|
|
Term
What is needed for laminate flooring over concrete slab floors? |
|
Definition
Same as for installing over wood-frame floors except that a poly vapor barrier is installed over the slab before the underlayment material.
RC 182 |
|
|
Term
Resilient flooring should not be applied on concrete slabs subject to dampness or moisture. Instead, install how? |
|
Definition
Install a subfloor on wood sleepers before applying the floor.
RC 178 |
|
|
Term
What installation method is best for a wood floor on a concrete slab? |
|
Definition
Plank flooring attached to a 2x4 sleepers with vapor barrier below.
RC 180-181 |
|
|
Term
What are two types of colorants for wood? |
|
Definition
Pigmented stains
Dyed stains
RC 194 |
|
|
Term
Why are furring strips used? |
|
Definition
-When an existing surface is too uneven
-If studs are irregularly spaced
-To provide support for equipment or cabinets
-To allow space for pipes, wires or insulation
-To prevent puncturing by nails or screws
RC 164 |
|
|
Term
Upon what can resilient flooring be installed? |
|
Definition
It requires an underlayment on framed floors (or plywood floors if sanded and filled). It can install directly over concrete slab that has been troweled smooth and filled.
RC 178 |
|
|
Term
How can settling be prevented in a slab-on-grade floor? |
|
Definition
Settling can be prevented in the slab-on-grade floor by doweling steel rebars into the slab and foundation.
RC 72 |
|
|
Term
How is a crawl space foundation insulated on the outside of the foundation? |
|
Definition
The insulation is rigid foam attached to the exterior of the foundation wall.
RC 69 |
|
|
Term
What purpose does the foundation serve? |
|
Definition
It carriers the weight and anchors the dwelling to the ground. Except in areas with rock ground, the foundation always extends below the frost line, with solid packed soil below.
RC 44 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Laminated Veneer Lumber - Consists of veneers glued together similar to plywood except that the grain runs along the long length of the member.
RC 58 |
|
|
Term
What is a glue-laminated beam? |
|
Definition
Also called glue-lams, this engineered lumber consists of solid 2x4's or 2x6's glued together to form beams.
RC 58 |
|
|
Term
What is the difference between plain sawn and quarter sawn beams? |
|
Definition
Plain sawn is sliced in parallel planes from the log. Quarter-sawn boards are cut perpendicular to the growth rings. Quarter sawn boards are more dimensionally stable and warp-resistant than flat sawn boards.
RC 54-55 |
|
|
Term
What is parallel strand lumber? |
|
Definition
Wood fibers assembled to run in the same direction, as they do in sawn lumber, yielding long, straight beams, posts, and studs.
RC 58 |
|
|
Term
What are two types of natural wood finishes? |
|
Definition
-Penetrating finishes seep into the wood, and brings out all the nuances of the grain and wood color
-Film-forming finishes build a film on the surface
RC 193 |
|
|
Term
What type of film forming finish are water-based ? |
|
Definition
Shellac
Lacquer
Spar varnish
Polyurethane varnish
RC 193 |
|
|
Term
What are the three forumlations of penetrating finishes? |
|
Definition
Oil
Resin
Varnish
All are solvent-based
RC 192 |
|
|
Term
When bumping out perpendicular to existing floor joists, what is the limit for the overhang? |
|
Definition
24" unless an engineer or architect has designed the bump out
RC 62 |
|
|
Term
To bump out a floor joist perpendicular to the existing floor joists, how far would you extend the cantilevered joists into the existing floor? |
|
Definition
Extend the cantilevered joists into the existing floor framing at least 2 joist bays
RC 62 |
|
|
Term
When bumping out the floor parallel to the existing floor joists, attach sister joists onto the existing joists with outside ends cantilevering out of the foundation. What is the limit of the overhang? |
|
Definition
Overhang is limited to 1/4 of the total span of the cantilevered sister joists
RC 62 |
|
|
Term
For a 5 to 6 foot opening in a load-bearing interior partition, what size header is needed?
Two 2x8's
Two 2x10's
One 2x12
Two 2x12's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the two types of wall framing for a whirlpool or tub? How do you decide which to use? |
|
Definition
A single or double cripple wall framed with 2x4's. By the manufacturer's specifications
RC 154 |
|
|
Term
What are the parts of a framed opening in a platform construction? |
|
Definition
Header, single or double
Cripple stud (non-loadbearing)
Sill
King stud
Jamb stud or Jackshed
RC 84 |
|
|
Term
What benefit does the use of sleepers offer when used on concrete floors?
-Allows space for running wiring
-Insulates from cold
-Provides a subfloor laminate flooring
-Provides a place to lay vapor barrier |
|
Definition
Allows space for running wire
RC 75 |
|
|
Term
What is the maximum hole a plumber can bore in a 2x8? |
|
Definition
1/3 the joist depth
RC 67 |
|
|
Term
How is the reinforcement for concrete walls determined? |
|
Definition
Reinforcement is determined by engineering requirements and local codes
RC 91 |
|
|
Term
What are two main roof forms for dormers? |
|
Definition
Shed and gable
RC 128, 130 |
|
|
Term
Rafter- and truss-framed roofs require a seperate sheathing layer. What is used for most roofs? |
|
Definition
Most roofs are sheathed with solid panels of plywood or OSB
RC 137 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stuctural insulated panel is composite layers of sheathing/foam/sheathing that serve as sheathing for the roof and insulation, and provide a nail base for material for attaching a ceiling
RC 135 |
|
|
Term
When is flush framing used? |
|
Definition
It is used when it is necessary to achieve headroom below.
RC 61 |
|
|
Term
What are the names of the trusses in a hip roof? |
|
Definition
-Main truss
-Stepped truss
-Jack truss
RC 135 |
|
|
Term
What purpose does a jamb stud serve? |
|
Definition
It transfers the weight from the header to the floor
RC 84 |
|
|
Term
What are the parts of a framed opening in a platform construction? |
|
Definition
Header, single or double
Cripple stud (non-loadbearing)
Sill
King stud
Jamb stud
RC 82 |
|
|
Term
Asbestos was used in construction materials until what year? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Upon what code is NKBA guidelines based? |
|
Definition
International Residential Coded (IRC)
RC 8 |
|
|
Term
Materials used for exterior walls below grade must have what characteristics? |
|
Definition
It must be able to withstand the vertical forces of the building, the horizontal forces of the earth, and resist water.
RC 50 |
|
|
Term
What structural systems account for most of today's residential roof framing? |
|
Definition
-Rafter framing
-Trusses
-Panel framing
RC 128 |
|
|
Term
What is low-e and how does it work? |
|
Definition
Microscopically thin metallic oxide coating. It controls solar heat gain and loss by allowing various amounts of sunlight and heat to enter, while preventing room heat from escaping.
RC 121 |
|
|
Term
What recent advances have made it possible to get high preformance windows with no more than 2 glass panes? |
|
Definition
-Low-emissivity coatings
-Encapsulated membranes
-Inert gas fill
RC 121 |
|
|
Term
What types of roof framing systems can support a cathedral ceiling? |
|
Definition
Rafter systems
Trussed roofs
SIPs
RC 135-136 |
|
|
Term
What are the considerations for installing a whirpool or air jet tub? |
|
Definition
-How to get the tub into the room
-Floors to support the weight of the full unit
-Supporting platform to support the weight of the tub and people who sit in it
-Room to service the motor/pump
- Blocking for grab bars, etc.
-Insulating around the platform to control noise and keep the water warm
RC 154 |
|
|
Term
What steps should you take to design a healthy environment ? |
|
Definition
- Ask if your clients have allergies
- Provide adequate ventilation
RC 19 |
|
|
Term
What is the most used material for
below-grade construction ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are two problems that a crawl space foundation present ? |
|
Definition
Because the the grade is the floor, moisture can wick up through the soil, and rodents can burrow into the house.
RC 46 |
|
|
Term
Wind blowing against the sloped side of the roof :
- Exerts pressure on the windward side
- Exerts pressure on the leeward side
- Creates suction on the windward side
- Creates suction on the entire roof
|
|
Definition
Exerts pressure on the windward side
RC 40 |
|
|
Term
What is the most common foundation to support porches and decks ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Wood or steel-framed floor system consists of what three parts? |
|
Definition
- Finish surface (floor covering & underlayment)
- Subfloor or deck
- Joists which span between supports
RC 53 |
|
|
Term
What information is provided when a roof truss system is ordered ? |
|
Definition
- Live load
- Dead load
- Slope (rise and run)
- Length
- Overhang
RC 134 |
|
|
Term
Steel floor joists are made in what lengths ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What weight standard are floors designed for ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is not a typical requirement for a joist
Allow 4 " clear on each side of the tub drain only
For shower drains, allow 8" x 8" clear below the drain with 3" more for access
Size framing for a spa based on the total weight when full of water
when adding new fixtures: |
|
Definition
Allow 4" clear on each side of the tub drain, but also allow 12" from the wall to the drain
RC 66 |
|
|
Term
What is a disadvantage common to both grade-beam and crawl space foundations ? |
|
Definition
There is no space for tradtional furnaces or water heaters.
RC 45 & 46 |
|
|
Term
Designers counter wind forces with all but one of the following:
- Select roofing and siding that resist being blown off
- Design walls to be stiff enough to resist perpendicular winds
- Brace roofs & walls acting parallel to the structure
- Interrupt the continuity of the structure
|
|
Definition
Interrupt the continuity of the structure
RC 40 |
|
|
Term
What are the choices for wood wall surfaces ? |
|
Definition
- Veneer paneling
- Stile-and-rail paneling
- Board siding
- Plain boards
RC 185 |
|
|
Term
Which type of oil finish can be safely used on food prep surfaces ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the more dependable installation method for resilient flooring ? |
|
Definition
Troweled-on adhesive is more dependable.
RC 178 |
|
|
Term
What method of installation of wood flooring strips and planks prevents squeaking ? |
|
Definition
The flooring should run across the joists to allow nails to penetrate the joists.
RC 180 |
|
|
Term
What are foundations set on ? |
|
Definition
Foundations are set on continuous footings, wide enough distribute the building loads into the soil.
RC 47 |
|
|
Term
You are beginning a complete remodel of a kitchen, which will include additional appliances, sinks, and faucets. What types of permits and inspections do you need ? |
|
Definition
- Building permit, with inspections at rough framing and completion, after plumbing and electrical
- A plumbing permit, with inspections at rough-in and at completion
- Electrical permit, with inspections at rough-in with electrical installed and at completion
RC 11 |
|
|
Term
Building codes may require that all lumber and wood-based panels bear a grade stamp from an approved grading agency.
True of False ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the three basic foundation types ? |
|
Definition
Grade-beam construction
Crawl space construction
Full basement construction
RC 44-47 |
|
|
Term
What are the parts of a typical wall in platform construction ? |
|
Definition
Studs: 2x4 or 2x6;
Bottom plate
Double top plate
Blocking
Bracing
RC 82 |
|
|
Term
Drywall is a sandwich of gypsum plaster core faced with paper on each side. What are the four types that are common use in homes today? |
|
Definition
- Standard wall board: used for dry areas
- Water-resistant wallboard (greenboard): contains an impregnated core and water-resistant facing for use as a base for ceramic tile; cannot be continuously exposed to water
- Blueboard: for skim-coat plaster finish or applied tile; unsuitable for inside showers or above tubs
- Fire Code (Type-X): for walls and ceiling surfaces where code requires a fire-rated separation
RC 170 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Soft lumber is from conifer trees, such as pine, fir, hemlock, and spruce.
RC 54 |
|
|
Term
Well-designed foundation-footing systems include what? |
|
Definition
- Gravel or permeable mat next to the outer wall to relieve water pressure and conduct it downward.
- Perforated pipes placed next to the footing to collect water and conduct it away from the foundation.
RC 47 |
|
|
Term
Floating slab-on-grade floors are vulnerable to settling or cracking where ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the two favorite types of construction for pier foundations? |
|
Definition
Concrete blocks or poured cement
RC 49 |
|
|
Term
What are the rules for drilling a hole in a joist? |
|
Definition
- Diameter of a hole should not exceed 1/3 of the joist depth
- Hole must be 2" at a minimum from the top or bottom of the joist
RC 67 |
|
|
Term
What are the effects of seismic forces on buildings? |
|
Definition
Shakes buildings apart and separates them from their foundations
RC 43 |
|
|
Term
What is necessary to support the weight of the mortar and tile in a shower floor? |
|
Definition
The joists in the framed floor under it should be doubled or engineered.
RC 177 |
|
|
Term
What chemical treatments used in building materials are now considered health hazards? |
|
Definition
- Chromate copper arsenic - CCA
- Lindane
- Pentachlorophenol (PCB)
- Tributyl tin oxide (TBTO)
- Formaldehyde
- Volatile ogranic compounds (VOCs)
- Lead
- Mercury, cadmium
RC 15-18 |
|
|
Term
What is the anatomy of a stud wall? |
|
Definition
- Exterior siding
- Sheathing
- Framing
- Insulation
- Interior finish
RC 86 |
|
|
Term
What is the difference between pigmented and dyed stains? |
|
Definition
Pigmented stains contain finely ground colorants suspended in oil or solvent; it coats the wood similar to a surface finish. Dyed stains contain dissolved organic derivatives; it penetrates the grain. Both are available as oil or water based solvents.
RC 194 |
|
|
Term
How is laminate flooring installed? |
|
Definition
Glue is applied to the tongue and groove edges of each piece and then is pressed into the abutting piece on the floor. It is not actually attached to the floor. Underlayment can be 1/4" thick low-density fiber panel or a closed-cell foam cushion.
RC 182 |
|
|
Term
Snow is considered?
- Wind force
- Live load
- Dead Load
- Seismic force
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the six advantages of engineered lumber? |
|
Definition
- Longer lengths
- Less moisture
- Uniform sizes and shapes
- Lighter weight
- Randomized defects
- Holes for ducts and pipes
RC 57-58 |
|
|
Term
What are the major systems of a house and what function do they serve? |
|
Definition
- Structural: foundation, walls, floors and roof systems
- Plumbing: water and waste
- Mechanical: heating, cooling, ventilation
- Electrical: power and lighting
RC 4-5 |
|
|
Term
What are three techniques in use today for applying plaster to walls? |
|
Definition
- Plaster on metal lath
- Plaster on gypsum lath
- Skim-coat plaster on blueboard
RC 168 |
|
|
Term
How are roofs constructed to resist outward forces? |
|
Definition
- Ties between the rafters (the lower the ties, the more effective)
- Support the ridge witha load-bearing wall
- Support the ridge with a ridge beam either below the ridge or in the same plane as the rafters
RC 130-131 |
|
|
Term
How do you select the lumber needed for a floor system? |
|
Definition
- Determine the span of the joists
- Calculate the live and dead loads the floor must support
- Decide how much deflection or "give" that is acceptable
- Look up the appropriate size in standard tables
RC 59 |
|
|
Term
Well-designed foundation-footing systems contain what? |
|
Definition
Gravel or permeable mat next to the outer wall to relieve water pressure and conduct it downward, with perforated pipes next to the footing to collect water and conduct it away.
RC 47 |
|
|
Term
What are the two most common insulation types? |
|
Definition
- Fiberglass or mineral wool batt
- Rigid foam
RC 22-23 |
|
|
Term
What are three requirements for the depth of a foundation? |
|
Definition
- Extend below the frost line
- Extend into solid bearing material
- Provide space for mechanical or electrical equipment, and/or utility or living space
RC 44 |
|
|
Term
What are two advantages of a floor truss system? |
|
Definition
- Makes best use of a given amount of materail to distribute the vertical loads to the supports
- Ducts and pipes can be run through the spaces instead of having to cut holes and notches
RC 64 |
|
|
Term
What is the difference between joists and beams? |
|
Definition
Joists span between foundation wall or between an outside foundation wall and one or more beams that run parallel to the foundation.
Beams bear internal bearing walls or columns.
RC 53 |
|
|
Term
What are two disadvantages or trade-offs of a pier foundation? |
|
Definition
Appearance (depending on the location of the home) and loss of contained space below the floor equipment, pipes, wiring and ducts.
RC 49 |
|
|
Term
Why is engineered lumber being used more frequently? |
|
Definition
Trees as a renewable resource cannot keep up with demand, and younger trees have more checks, warps, and knots.
RC 57 |
|
|
Term
The IRC covers what type of dwellings ? |
|
Definition
One- and two-family detached dwellings and apartment buildings up to three stories
RC 9 |
|
|
Term
Where are grade beam slabs susceptible to cracks or settling? |
|
Definition
Near the grade beam
RC 72 |
|
|
Term
2x8
What are the dressed sizes for each of the following?
2x4
2x6
2x10
2x12 |
|
Definition
1 1/2" x 3 1/2"
1 1/2" x 5 1/2"
1 1/2" x 7 1/4"
1 1/2" x 9 1/4"
1 1/2" x 11 1/4"
RC 57 |
|
|
Term
When might a building permit be needed for a remodeling project? |
|
Definition
When the project exceeds a certain value.
RC 11 |
|
|
Term
The wind has a pull and push effect on a sloped side of a roof; how? |
|
Definition
Wind blowing against the sloped side of a roof exerts pressure on the windward side and suction on the leeward side.
RC 40 |
|
|
Term
What materials are sashes and frames made of? |
|
Definition
- Wood
- Aluminum
- All vinyl
- Clad wood
RC 119-120 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A roof that remains cold prevents the alternate thawing and freezing of snow and ice.
RC 137 |
|
|
Term
What are the advantages of EIFS over stucco? |
|
Definition
EIFS:
- Doesn't crack with temperature changes
- It is lower cost
- Colorant is embedded so it is permanent and maintenance free
RC 97 |
|
|
Term
What is a common airborn hazard in a construction project? |
|
Definition
Very small particles, such as dust from sanding or grinding wood, drwall or concrete.
RC 13 |
|
|
Term
What are the two main ways to support a separate ceiling? |
|
Definition
- Metal or wood joists attached to the walls, attached to ledgers attached to the opposite walls on the long side of the room
- Metal grids suspended from the structure above
RC 159 |
|
|
Term
How are cement tiles made? |
|
Definition
By combining portland cement with water and a fine aggregate.
RC 177 |
|
|
Term
What is the most common interior wall system? |
|
Definition
2x4 wood studs faced with 1/2" thick drywall with a double 2x4 top plate and a single 2x4 bottom plate with studs placed at 16" OC
RC 148 |
|
|
Term
What are two types of wood flooring in use today? |
|
Definition
- Glue-down strip/plank and parquet flooring
- Traditional strip or plank flooring
RC 179 |
|
|
Term
What two substrate materials are preferred for tile in wet areas? |
|
Definition
- Cement board
- Gypsum backerboard
RC 172 |
|
|
Term
For what reasons are changes to the walls or ceiling surfaces likely? |
|
Definition
- To suit a new design
- if the existing substrate or finish is in poor shape
- If a chase is needed for pipes or wiring
- To add insulation and/or vapor barrier
- If a new opening is required in a bearing wall
RC 162 |
|
|
Term
When you lay out a enclosure for a tub, what dimensions do you need to consider other than the size of the tub? |
|
Definition
Rough-in dimensions of the fixture to allow enough clearance for both the fixture and the wall finish above the fixture.
RC 154 |
|
|
Term
What is blocking needed for? |
|
Definition
Blocking is added between studs in the kitchen and bathroom to support cabinets and fixtures, and to adapt openings in studs for recessed items
RC 149 |
|
|
Term
At what points can shed roof frame into the main roof? |
|
Definition
- At the roof plane
- Into a side wall
RC 129 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Frame
- Glazing
- Sash
- Sill
- Subsill
RC 119 |
|
|
Term
What is true of all framing members around the roof opening in a shed roof dormer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the most common roof sheathing material? |
|
Definition
Plywood or OSB, with roofing felt recommended beneath the shingles
RC 137
|
|
|
Term
How can you insulate existing walls? |
|
Definition
- Blow loose-fill into cavities from inside or outside
- Strip off interior surface and insulate cavities
- Add insulation to the interior surface
RC 87-89 |
|
|
Term
What are the types of windows? |
|
Definition
- Fixed
- Double-hung
- Casement
- Sliding (Gliding)
- Awning
- Skylight
- Light tube
RC 118 |
|
|
Term
How is the rake (outside rafter) supported at the gable end? |
|
Definition
It is supported by lookouts, cross pieces set into the end rafters.
RC 131 |
|
|
Term
Why is platform framing the most common system in use today? |
|
Definition
It is simpler and faster than balloon construction
RC 83 |
|
|
Term
For homes with longer, clear spans, what construction assembly can be used? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- To close off unused space
- To contain lighting
- To define an area or make it more interesting
RC 161 |
|
|
Term
What is the most common thickness of drywall panels used for walls and ceilings in homes today? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What function does OSB serve in a SIP sandwich? |
|
Definition
It is the sheathing layer. It supports live and dead loads on the roof and provides a base for roofing material.
RC 137 |
|
|
Term
What are the types of roofing materials? |
|
Definition
- Cedar & redwood shingles
- Asphalt & fiberglass shingles
- Metal roofing
- Slate
- Roofing Tiles
- Single membrane roofs
RC 139-144 |
|
|
Term
What material is used as underlayment for most types of roofing? |
|
Definition
Roofing felt, a material consisting of organic fibers pressed together in a bituminous matrix.
RC 137 |
|
|
Term
A single interior wall system consists of what parts? |
|
Definition
- 2x4 wood studs faced with 1/2" thick drywall
- a double 2x4 top plate
- a single bottom plate
- studs placed at 16" OC
RC 148 |
|
|
Term
What purpose does the ridge board serve? |
|
Definition
a convenient nailer for installing the rafters
RC 130 |
|
|
Term
What are the advantages of ventilating the air space between the insulation and roof surface? |
|
Definition
- It keeps the roof cooler, year round thus extending the life of the roofing material
- Ventilation prevents ice dams at the eaves in cold climates
RC 137 |
|
|
Term
For areas with severe winters, what is added for extra protection against water penetration on the roof system? |
|
Definition
A strip of elastomeric material (ice shield) is added on the eaves.
RC 137 |
|
|
Term
Vinyl windows were first used in the residential market as replacement windows, but are becoming the prime window in new construction for what reasons? |
|
Definition
Low cost, easy maintenance, and high energy-efficiency rating.
RC 120 |
|
|
Term
Brick and stone are used for cladding but require a separate _________? |
|
Definition
structural wall to support the floors and roofs of the house, and to provide horizontal backup for the masonry
RC 92 |
|
|
Term
What is used to prevent water from penetrating the interior wall of a masonry veneer wall? |
|
Definition
An air space between the two wall layers, and proper flashing
RC 92 |
|
|
Term
What are the pros and cons of shingle siding? |
|
Definition
Pros: good appearance, durable, choice of exposure lengths
Cons: weathers unevenly if left unfinished, slow to install
RC 99 |
|
|
Term
Which window type blends better with contemporary rather than traditional homes? |
|
Definition
Sliding (or Gliding) windows
RC 116 |
|
|
Term
What is the most common form of a main roof for a house? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the pros and cons of wood board siding? |
|
Definition
Pros: attractive and durable
Cons: require periodic refinishing and can weather unevenly
RC 99 |
|
|
Term
What are the two most common types of locksets used in exterior residential doors? |
|
Definition
- Mortise locks
- Cylindrical locks
RC 113 |
|
|
Term
Which window type is often a good choice above a shower or kitchen sink? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is an advantage of the replacement window made entirely of vinyl over the replacement window made of vinyl and wood? |
|
Definition
Vinyl-only replacement windows are manufactured in any size, while vinyl and wood come in standard sizes only
RC 123-124 |
|
|
Term
How are joists connected to beams? |
|
Definition
Connect to beams by running over their tops or by "flush framing" onto their face.
RC 61 |
|
|
Term
What are the advantages of lightweight steel studs and joists over sawn lumber? |
|
Definition
Steel joists are:
- Much stronger than wood (lb for lb)
- Perfectly true and straight, free of checks, warps, and knots
- Do not swell or move from moisture
- Vary in stiffness to match a given depth
RC 63 |
|
|
Term
Platform framing differs from balloon framing in what important way? |
|
Definition
Studs on platform framed walls span between floors; studs on balloon framed walls extend from the mudsill to the eaves
RC 81 |
|
|
Term
What are remodeling concerns for concrete floors? |
|
Definition
- Settling on perimeter or joint
- Moisture passing to floor finish
- Cost of removing slab to reroute pipes or heat ducts
- Out of level floors from settling
RC 71-73 |
|
|
Term
What are the disadvantages of trusses? |
|
Definition
- Depths are much greater than joists
- Trusses are expensive
- Trusses have to be ordered to size and cannot be altered on the job
RC 64 |
|
|
Term
When adding new loads, which of the following is true?
- Always sister with joists that are as deep as the main joists
- Double the joists in immediate area to support the new load
- Double the joists for the entire area
|
|
Definition
Double the joists in immediate area to support the new load
RC 65 |
|
|
Term
Glue-down wood flooring can be applied directly to concrete slabs if what conditions are met? |
|
Definition
- The slab is smooth and free of voids
- The slab is free of moisture (poured over a granular base with a vapior barrier)
RC 179 |
|
|
Term
What are they typical layers that make up the laminate material for floors? |
|
Definition
- Clear melamine top layer
- Plastic resin-impregnated paper layer with wood grain printed on
- Structural fiberboard core (bonded on)
- Clear melamine bottom layer
RC 182 |
|
|
Term
What are common oil finishes? |
|
Definition
Boiled linseed oil
Tung oil
Mineral oil
RC 192 |
|
|
Term
Shower floors, which must be sloped for drainage, are set best using what method of installation? |
|
Definition
A full mortar bed. The 1/4" per foot slope toward the drain means that the bed thickness varies 1 to 2 inches for an average-sized shower
RC 177 |
|
|
Term
How do you ensure that the finished floor surface in a shower aligns with the adjacent floor? |
|
Definition
The framing below the mortar bed must be recessed by the maximum thickness of the mortar
RC 177 |
|
|
Term
How are traditional wood strip and plank flooring installed over a concrete slab? |
|
Definition
a solid subfloor (min. 3/4" thick) under the floor and the nails should penetrate the subfloor by at least 3/4"
RC 180 |
|
|
Term
What is the main advantage of a roof truss system? |
|
Definition
Longer span without intermittent support
RC 133-134 |
|
|
Term
The success of the floor finish depends on how you prepare for it. What are four critical requirements? |
|
Definition
- Sound floor structure
- Proper substrate
- Provisions for moisture control
- Attention to installation requirements
Rc 177 |
|
|
Term
The IBC classifies design wind speeds:
- Basic speed & three-second gusts
- Basic speed & 5-second gusts
- Ony basic speed, since this causes the most wear and tear on a building
- Only three-second gusts, since this causes the most damage
|
|
Definition
Basic speed & three-second gusts
RC 39 |
|
|
Term
Fiber batts, used for insulation, are found in which two widths? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When specifying a substrate for a wood or steel framed floor, what should be considered? |
|
Definition
The strength requirements of the subfloor. The material must be stiff enough to span between joists and must be rated for the actual joists spacing to be used.
RC 73 |
|
|
Term
Where can thermal insulation be installed?
- On the outer face of the sheathing
- At the inside face of the studs (between studs and wall finish
- In the cavities between studs
- Combination of all above
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What determines whether vapor barrier will go inside or outside the insulation? |
|
Definition
By whether the region is dominated by the need for heating or cooling
RC 86 |
|
|
Term
Ceramic tiles are made from various colors of clay, fused into a solid under high temperature in a kiln. What type of ceramic tile is preferred on floors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
How is sound resistance achieved? |
|
Definition
- Increase the mass
- Adding sound dampening insulation
- Isolating one wall surface from another
- Or a combination of these
RC 152 |
|
|
Term
When measuring sound transmissions, a lower STC is better than a higher STC when you want less transmissions?
True or False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most mineral-based tiles install on floors in one of two basic methods.
What are they? |
|
Definition
- Thinsetting them into a special thinset mortar compound troweled over the subfloor or concrete slab
- Mudsetting them into a mortar bed
RC 177 |
|
|
Term
Seismic forces can do all but one of the following:
- Shake buildings apart
- Remove buildings from their foundations
- Put lateral (horizontal) forces on buildings
- Cause less damage to buildings made of masonry or concrete
|
|
Definition
Cause less damage to buildings made of masonry or concrete
RC 43 |
|
|
Term
Why has drywall become a popular choice for wall substrates? |
|
Definition
- It comes in modular panels 4'W x 8'H
- It is easily cut
- The panels can be nailed to the studs and finished by applying paper tape
- Joints sanded smooth are flat and even for paint and wall paper
RC 169 |
|
|
Term
What type of ceramic tile is preferred for floors? |
|
Definition
Unglazed tiles, because of their better traction.
RC 177 |
|
|
Term
What wall construction will achieve the highest STC rating? |
|
Definition
Double 2x3 stud walls with 3" insulation between staggered studs
RC 153 |
|
|
Term
Oil based paint would contain VOCs
True or False? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which type of foundation would create the greatest problem for relocating a toilet? |
|
Definition
Shallow Foundations (grade beam)
RC 45 |
|
|
Term
Why is a laminate floor not typically considered appropriate for bathrooms? |
|
Definition
The clear top layer is smooth and can be slipper when wet
RC 182 |
|
|
Term
Paint is available in what sheens? |
|
Definition
In order of increasing gloss:
- Flat
- Eggshell
- Satin
- Semi-gloss
- Gloss
RC 183 |
|
|
Term
Tile surrounding tubs and showers should be installed on what substrate? |
|
Definition
A substrate that is not affected by water penetration, such as cement backerboard
RC 186 |
|
|
Term
Which of the following materials is not suitable for paint?
- new plaster
- drywall
- concrete or concrete block
- cement or gypsum backerboard
|
|
Definition
Cement or gypsum backerboard
RC 176 |
|
|
Term
A granite countertop would be considered what type of load? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the face dimension of a 2x10? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the recommended slope toward the drain for a shower? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Bump outs can be parallel or perpendicular to existing floor joists.
True or False? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the main disadvantage of steel joists? |
|
Definition
Carpenters who install joists on houses may not be familiar with techniques and tools used to install joists
RC 63 |
|
|
Term
What are the most common subfloor materials in use today? |
|
Definition
Plywood and Oriented strand board (OSB)
RC 73 |
|
|
Term
Why are steel studs becoming more popular in residential buildings? |
|
Definition
The quality of wood is declining while the prices are increasing, and steel studs are lighter in weight, consistent, and dependable
RC 151 |
|
|
Term
What is resilient flooring? |
|
Definition
Flexible flooring, in either sheet goods or tile
RC 178 |
|
|
Term
How does the glossiness of paint relate to washability? |
|
Definition
Glossier sheens are more washable
RC 184 |
|
|
Term
What is the number one material for wet areas? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What two terms ar necessary to describe the way a door opens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What window type is the best choice for ventilation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are three ways to upgrade the glazing in an older home? |
|
Definition
- Add storm windows to the exterior
- Install replacement sashes in the existing frames
- Replace the entire window unit
RC 123 |
|
|
Term
What are the pros and cons of vinyl siding? |
|
Definition
Pros: fast installation, no finish, and long warranty
Cons: vulnerable to impact, poor appearance at joints
RC 99
|
|
|
Term
The hand on the door indicates:
- The side where the hinges are located when you are standing outside
- The side where the hinges are located when you are standing inside
- The side where the knobs are located when you are standing inside
- The side where the knows are located when you are standing outisde
|
|
Definition
Hand is the side where the hinges are located when you are standing outside
RC 106 |
|
|
Term
What is the difference between a double hung and single hung window? |
|
Definition
On the double hung, both sashes can move up and down.
On the single hung, only one sash (bottom) can move
RC 116 |
|
|
Term
Window efficiency is rated by R-value. Does the R-value go from high to low or low to high in rating more effective insulation? |
|
Definition
R-value rates efficiency at increasing values.
a 1 is less efficient than a 4.
RC 202 |
|
|
Term
Which is not true of masonry walls?
- They are porous, allowing moisture to pass
- They retain heat well, which is helpful for use in passive solar homes
- They are good insulators, which means little insulation is needed
- They require steel reinforcement to make up for the lack of tensile strength
|
|
Definition
Masonry walls are poor insulators
RC 89 |
|
|
Term
What are the four tags for door operations? |
|
Definition
- Right hand
- Left hand
- Right hand reverse
- Left hand reverse
RC 106 |
|
|
Term
On a two story house, what are the two systems for framing a house? |
|
Definition
Balloon framing
Platform framing
RC 81 |
|
|
Term
Install ceramic tile or stone tile over which underlayment:
- 5/8" plywood
- cement board
- 1/4" plywood
- OSB
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Asbestos was used in construction material until
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is important to do to protect a building from seismic damage?
- lateral bracking measures to carry the load
- connecting each component of the structure
- All of the above
- none of the above
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Nominal dimensions of lumber is 1/2" greater than seasoned lumber until what nominal dimension?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The primary goal of building codes is to
- Provide tax-generating process
- Cover plumbing and electrical codes only
- Protect the public safety and welfare
- Cover construction and zoning issues only
|
|
Definition
Protect the public's welfare and safety
RC 7 |
|
|
Term
The standard for rating insulation is its R-value, and index of the ability of the material to resis heat flow by conduction.
The _______ the R number, the ______ conductive heat it blocks. |
|
Definition
The higher the R number, the more conductive heat it blocks
RC 21 |
|
|
Term
Exterior intersections of an adjoining roof, dormer, wall, chimney, or other openings are vulnerable to leaks. What is applied to prevent them? |
|
Definition
Adequate flashing and sealing at each intersection.
RC 144 |
|
|
Term
True or False:
the Americans with Disability Act defines design standards? |
|
Definition
False. ADA is a civil rights law and it does not address design standards
RC 11 |
|
|
Term
What is a good sheen choice for painting woodwork in all rooms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What questions do you ask when determining if an interior partition is load-bearing? |
|
Definition
- Does the partition run the long direction of the floor plan, near the center?
- Does the wall line up with the beam line in the basement?
- Do the joists overlap near the partition?
RC 162 |
|
|
Term
What are the units for measuring sound transmissions through walls? |
|
Definition
STC (sound transmission classification)
RC 152 |
|
|
Term
You removed the wall finish material in a kitchen and find that the studs are unevenly placed. To correct this so you can secure cabinets on the wall, you should:
- Add sister studs to correct it
- Add 2x3 furring material to avoid having to shim between studs
|
|
Definition
Add 2x3 furring material to avoid having to shim between studs
RC 165-166 |
|
|
Term
What is one way to test the construction of a slab other than cutting through the slab? |
|
Definition
Tape a small piece of poly to the surface; if condensation appears on the undersurface or the slab is damp after 24 hours, there is enough moisture to make installing a wood floor risky.
RC 179-180 |
|
|
Term
What is the NKBA Planning Guidelines based in part on? |
|
Definition
IRC (International Residential Code)
RC 8 |
|
|
Term
What is the primary goal of building codes? |
|
Definition
protect the public's safety and welfare
RC 7 |
|
|
Term
What is the reason for the restrictions for notching and cutting joists? |
|
Definition
Joists have to be left largely intact in order to support the loads on the floor. Any notching or cutting has to be done in a way that the joists are left with a safe carrying capacity.
RC 66 |
|
|
Term
Grade beam or integral slab-on-grade floors tend to crack where? |
|
Definition
Away from the edge
RC 71-72 |
|
|
Term
What was the first uniform energy code? |
|
Definition
The Model Energy Code (MEC)
RC 9 |
|
|
Term
How can a wall cavity be increased to contain piping in plumbing walls? |
|
Definition
The cavity can be increased to 5 1/2" by using 2x6 studs
RC 149 |
|
|
Term
What type of loads to rafters carry? |
|
Definition
Rafters carry live and dead loads
RC 132 |
|
|
Term
What is the purpose of flashing and sealing at intersections with adjoining roof surfaces, walls, chimneys and vent pipes? |
|
Definition
It keeps the water out; these points interrupt the continuity of the roof so they are the areas most vulnerable to leaks
RC 144 |
|
|
Term
For houses with attics that are used for storage, where is the insulation placed? |
|
Definition
Insulation can go in the attic floor.
RC 137 |
|
|
Term
What are two ways that a roof surface can be ventilated? |
|
Definition
- Ridge vent
- Gable vents
RC 138 |
|
|
Term
When was the ICC established? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The Internation Building Code (IBCP) supersedes what "model codes" in the United States? |
|
Definition
- BOCA National Building Code (in Northeast & Midwest)
- Uniform Building Code (by ICBO in Western states)
- Southern Building Code (by SBCCI in Southern states)
- CABO: 1-2 family dwellings
RC 7-8 |
|
|
Term
Base trim usually consists of what two pieces attached to the wall? |
|
Definition
|
|