Term
|
Definition
-loss of at least 10% of baseline body weight
-chronic diarrhea (for at least 30 days)
-chronic weakness
-fever (all things not due to any other sickness)
due mainly to hormonal imbalance - hypogonadism (low level of testosterone)
-50% of men in stage IV have it |
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|
Term
|
Definition
-brain cells have CD4 receptors and are therefore susceptible to HIV
-causes confusion, lack of muscle coordination, apathy, nausea, lack of concentration, sudden and strong unprevoked emotions
-later causes memory loss, headache, disorientation, slurred speech, tremors, unsteady gait, lack of feeling in extremities
-HIV has been isolated from astrocytes
-gp120 is a neurotoxin and induces apoptosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 5-10% of HIV patients develop kidney failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-most common in AIDS patients (25% get it)
-lesions develop in blood vessels: oral cavity, lymph nodes, GI tract, spleen, liver
-lesions perforate and hemorrhage
-survival of less than 2 years after KS appears
Why and How?
1. Gallo study - HIV promotes herpes virus that's associated with KS. also, tat protein is a neurotoxin that attracts HSV to site of lesion
2. another study - HIV can directly cause KS. they transplanted HIV into a fetal mouse and the mouse was born with KS and a high concentration of tat genes at KS sites |
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|
Term
| Opportunistic Disease Categories |
|
Definition
| viral, fungal, bacterial, protozoan, and cancer |
|
|
Term
Pneumocystic Carnii Pneumonia (PCP)
Opportunistic Infection |
|
Definition
-fungal disease
-leading cause of morbidity and mortality (50% die from PCP)
-grows in lung tissue and fills tissue with fluid
-causes fever, cough, shortness of breath, thickening of tissues, then eventually fluid compromises respiration (can't breathe -> death) |
|
|
Term
Toxoplasmosis
Opportunistic Infection |
|
Definition
-protozoan
-toxoplasma gondii
-causes brain lesions
-transmitted by cats (contact with cat feces)
-AIDS patients are discouraged from having cats |
|
|
Term
Cryptosporidiosis
Opportunistic Infection |
|
Definition
-intestinal protozoan
-cryptosporidium cuccii
-causes extreme diarrhea |
|
|
Term
Cytomegalovirus
Opportunistic Infection |
|
Definition
-virus
causes:
-pneumonia in lungs
-destroys liver and kidneys
-swollen salivary glands
-blindness in retina |
|
|
Term
Tuberculosis
Opportunistic Infection |
|
Definition
-mycobacterium tuberculosis
-infects and destroys lung tissue |
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