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Definition
Minoan: 3400 - 1200 bce
Mycenaean: 1600-1125 bce |
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Definition
lived on the island of crete
seafaring people |
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Definition
had 2 sets of languages
linear A: not deciphered
linear B: used for accounting |
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Definition
a part of everyday life but not an extremely religious people overall
mother goddess- chief diety
minotaur- half-man, half-bull. lived in labyrinth and slain by theseus |
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Definition
brick like laying of rectangular cut blocks of stone. |
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pigments painted on walls
minoan bull jumping depicted in these |
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Definition
-administrative center and shrines inside of palace
-1700-1380 bce
-centered around courtyard
-no axis, symmetry, or heirarchy
-orthogonal and organic
-contained columnades and light wells
-best plumbing until rome |
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Term
palace of knossos construction |
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Definition
-walls: ashlar and rubble
-column and roofs of wood
columns-taper from top to bottom and painted |
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Definition
-key archaeologist responsible for excavating the palace of knossos
-tried to restore palace to what it may have looked like |
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stacking stones of parallel walls closer and closer together so that they eventually meet in the middle |
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-warrior culture
-1600-1125 bce
-mask of agamemnon
-not as artistic as minoans |
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-heavily fortified
-cyclopean structure
-corbeled arches |
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Definition
-post and lintel with corbeled arches above
-2 lions depicted in stone above gate |
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Definition
-forerunner of greek temple
-large audience halls
-brightly painted |
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Term
classical order of architecture |
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Definition
consists of column and entablature |
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Term
greek orders
(oldest to youngest) |
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Definition
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roman orders of architecture |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
top part of column (easiest to tell type of order from this) |
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Term
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Definition
-no base
-capital is relatively simple
-includes triglyphs (3 vertical lines) and metopes (bas relief sculptures in between triglyphs) |
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Term
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Definition
-had flutes running down the shaft
-spiral scrolls on capitals
-taller than doric
-shafts employed entasis |
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Definition
technique used to make columns look larger (circumference wise) when they got taller |
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-the greek city
-usually no more than 10,000 people
-every polis had main god |
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Definition
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large square slab upon which rests the entablature |
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Definition
ornamental part of capital (between shaft and abacus) |
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Term
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Definition
tall, vertical part of column |
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Term
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Definition
rests on top of column
architrave
frieze
cornice |
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Term
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Definition
lintel directly above capital |
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Term
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Definition
-only present in doric
-sharp edge between each flute |
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Definition
-ionic
-thin flat raised surface in between flutes |
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Term
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Definition
-spirals at either side of ionic column at either side |
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Term
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Definition
column in the shape of a female with a capital |
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Definition
-inner sanctuary enclosed by walls that housed statue of specific god
-access to inner sanctum allowed only to people of high status |
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Definition
back room of temple often used as a treasury |
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Term
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Definition
-roofed, columned porch surrounding a building
-usually around center courtyard |
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Definition
tall base upon which a roman temple sits (one at the pantheon is gone now) |
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Definition
-triangular end of greek temple roof gable
-often decorated with sculptures |
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Definition
temple with a single row of columns |
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temple with double row of columns |
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Definition
top of stepped platform on which columns stand |
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Definition
-half dome located in the transept
-place where priest preached from
-contained altar
-located in eastern part of church |
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Definition
-open courtyard within church walls
-unbaptized allowed to listen to sermon from here |
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Term
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Definition
-early christian church
-borrowed from romans
-longitudinal axis (like a cross) |
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Definition
-windows in the nave
-naturally very high up |
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Term
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Definition
-cross looks like that on the swiss flag
-centrally planned and domed |
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Definition
-longitudinal axis
-procession, congregation, worship, and pilgrimage
-consists of atrium, narthex, transect, nave, aisles and apse |
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-churches that are associated with martyrs
-usually built at the grave of a martyr |
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Definition
-higher ceilinged part of church
-located in the center |
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Definition
-structure that allows placement of a dome over a square room
-employs concept of arch |
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Definition
-used in the four corners of pendentives to allow them to rise higher
-takes the distributed weight to the ground |
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Definition
-half domes that can be used to brace the weight of a bigger one |
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Term
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Definition
-angled lintels that make up an octagon, allowing a dome to sit atop |
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Term
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Definition
-end part of a latin church that houses the apse
-top of the 'cross' |
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Definition
spiral columns that influenced the ones in old saint peter's basilica |
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Term
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Definition
-non-iconic representation
-arbitrary patterns that don't represent anything in real life (people, animals, trees) |
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Definition
-foliate
-plant based design (often geometric) |
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Definition
-elaborate, beautiful writing |
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Definition
inn for caravans to stay at a mosque complex |
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Term
centrally planned, domed mosque |
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Definition
-mosque with a central axis with a dome above
-as seen in mosque of suleyman
-introduced later |
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Term
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Definition
-mosque with a grid-like arrangement of columns
-see the great mosque at cordoba |
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Definition
-mosque designed for friday masses
-generic term for mosques |
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Definition
arch whose base is narrower than its widest part |
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Definition
school (inside of mosque complex) |
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Definition
-arabic for mosque
-"place of worship" |
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Definition
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Definition
tower from which muezzin calls followers to prayer |
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Definition
picture made out of colored pieces of tile |
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Definition
-hall for assembly
-locator of direction of mecca
-place to be called to prayer
-place of quranic verses |
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Definition
-person who calls people to worship
-leads prayers |
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Definition
-prayer wall
-direction of mecca |
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Definition
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Definition
-courtyard
-contains cleansing fountain |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-550 bce
-paestum
-stone covered in stucco
-archaic doric
peripteral temple
-row of columns down middle |
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Term
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Definition
-parthenon
-propylaea
-athena nike
-erechtheion |
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Term
3 historic periods of greece |
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Definition
-archaic: 700-480 bce
-classical: 480-323 bce
-hellenistic: 323-31 bce |
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Term
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Definition
-codified greek orders in 30 bce
-wrote 10 books on architecture |
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Term
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Definition
-form strongly conventional, not much innovation just refinement
-marble or limestone |
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Definition
-single row of columns around 6x13 |
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Definition
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Definition
-437 bce
-architect: mnesikles
-patron: perikles of athens
-gateway to the acropolis
-doric on outside ionic on inside |
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Term
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Definition
-425 bce
-arhitect: kallikrates
-ionic columns, doric proportions
-destroyed and rebuilt in 1835 |
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Term
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Definition
-421-407 bce
-Architect: Mnesikles (maybe)
north portico: poseidon
east portico: athena |
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Term
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Definition
league of greek city states |
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Term
formation of greek columns |
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Definition
-drums stacked atop one another
-hole through middle
-transported using pulley |
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Term
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Definition
-begun 350 bce (built in 2 stages)
-architect: polykleitus the yonger
-built into hill side |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
road that led from the agora to the acropolis |
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Term
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Definition
-159-132 bce
-king attalos
-walls on 3 sides columns on the last
-kind of like roman forum |
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Term
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Definition
-19 bce: republican rome
-patron: marcus agrippa
-nimes, france
-temple
-axial alignment |
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Term
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Definition
-20-16 bce: republican rome
-nimes, france
-aqueduct
-waterchannel used mortar to keep from leaking
-roman forum |
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Term
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Definition
-37-14 bce: republican rome
-rostra: speakers platform (center of rome)
-basilicas part of forum
-temple of vesta |
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Term
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Definition
-imperial rome
-architect: apollodorus of damascus
-basilica
-includes trajan's column |
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Term
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Definition
-imperial rome
-built to commemorate Constantine's victory |
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Term
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Definition
half circle in forum used for markets |
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Definition
-imperial rome
-patron: emperor caracalla
-spa, library, restaurants, staduim
frigidarium, tepidarium, caldarium |
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Term
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Definition
-imperial rome
-patron: hadrian
-architect: also hadrian?
-corinthean
-temple to all gods |
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Term
flavian amphiteater (colosseum) |
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Definition
-imperial rome
-patron: vespasian
-architect: unknown
team theory of construction (not all sections identical)
-vallarium (sun screen)
-oldest surviving amphitheater |
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Term
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Definition
stone used in cement mixture that filled in walls |
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Definition
-roman tenet housing for low and middle class
-went from bad quality to good quality |
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Definition
-place of residence and business
-shared walls with other buildings
-few, high windows |
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Definition
-dining room
-ate on couches |
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Definition
water collecting basin in center of house |
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Definition
open garden surrounded by columns |
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-domestic rome
-1 city block in pompeii
-included multiple houses and shops |
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Definition
domestic rome
tivoli, italy
went with contours of land
loose design |
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Definition
-early christian and byzantine
-patron: justinian
-architect: anthemius of tralles and isidorus of miletus
-church
-central dome style |
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Term
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Definition
-early christian
-basilica
-constantine
-martyrium for st. peter |
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Term
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Definition
-umayyad dynasty
-shrine
-located on the holy mount, jerusalem
-double ambulatory
-gold covered dome
-columns monolithic |
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Term
the great mosque of cordoba |
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Definition
-umayyad dynasty
-Cordoba, spain
-hypostyle halls
-added onto many times
-accretive architecture
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Term
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Definition
ottoman turks
patron: suleyman the magnificent
architect: koca sinan
different sized minarets
includes a large complex with madrasas, caravanserai, mausoleum, and hostpital |
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