Term
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Definition
- trade: Adrenaline Chloride
- half-life: short
- MoA: a and B agonist
- low[]: B effects (inc syst press, dec diast press)
- high[]: all effects (inc inc syst press, inc diast press)
- Elim: COMT
- Rx: Anaphlaxis, shock, cardiac arrest, heart block, brochospasms
- tox: arrhythmias
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Term
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Definition
- half-life: short
- MoA: a-agonist, B1-agonist (LITTLE affinity for B2)
- Elimination: MOA, COMT
- Rx:
- acute HypoTN due to vasodilatory shock
- VC, inc TPR (a1). Pos inotropic and chrono effects on heart (B1). BARORECEPTOR REFLEX=dec HR.
- tox: ischemia
- contras: pre-existing VC and ischemia
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Term
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Definition
- trade: dopamine
- half-life: ~2min
- MoA:
- low []: D1 rec (dec TPR)
- med []: B1 rec
- high []: a recs
- Elim: MOA, COMT
- Rx: cardiogenic shock (low BP/CO) [use low infusion rate]
- tox:
- low: hypoTN
- high: ischemia
- contras: tachyarrhythmias
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Term
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Definition
- trade:
- half-life: short
- MoA: non-selective B agonist
- Elim: COMT
- Rx: transient heart block
- tox: tachyarrhythmias (lots)
- contras: arrhythmias
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Term
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Definition
- trade:
- half-life: 2-3 min
- MoA: selective B1-agonist
- Elim: COMT (rapid)
- Rx: short-term treatment of cardiac insufficiency in CHF, cardiogenic shock
- tox: arrhythmias, hyptoTN (VD-B2)
- contras:
- NOTES: rule: if BP mean <70-80, use DA to get alpha effects. Otherwise, use this.
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Term
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Definition
- trade:
- half-life: long (3-5hrs)
- MoA: selective B2 agonists
- Elim:
- Rx: bronchospasms, obstructive airway diseases
- tox: tachycardia, tolerance, sk muscle tremor, *activation of B2s on pre-syn terminals of cholinergic somatomotor neurons to inc NT release
- contras:
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Term
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Definition
- trade:
- half-life: <1hr (NOT a catecholamine)
- MoA: selective a1-agonist
- Elim:
- Rx: paroxysmal supravent tachycardia (VC, dec HR via barros), mydriatic agent, nasal decongestant
- tox: hyperTN
- contras: hyperTN, vent tachy
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Term
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Definition
- trade:
- half-life: long (12-16hrs)
- MoA: selective a2-agonist. acts in CNS: dec symp output-->dec BP
- Elim:
- Rx: hyperTN when due to sympathetic overdrive.
- tox: dry mouth, withdrawal can lead to hypertensive crisis
- contras:
- notes: very lipophilic--goes thu BBB.
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Term
| amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine |
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Definition
- half-life: long (hours)
- MoA: indirect sympathomimetic (releasing agents, prob inhib of reuptake also)
- Elim: (RESISTANT TO MAO/COMT DEGRADATION)
- Rx: ADD, narcolepsy, nasal congestion
- tox: tachycardia, anorexia
- contras: Rx w MAO inhibitors w/in prev 2 weeks (-->overload of NE)
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Term
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Definition
- half-life: very short
- MoA: displaces NE, releasing agent. CANNOT X BBB
- Elim: high susceptible to MAO degradation
- Rx: not therapeutic
- tox:
- contras:
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Term
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Definition
- half-life: 4hr
- MoA: non-selective B-blockers
- Elim:
- Rx: hyperTN, angina due to atherosclerosis, MI
- tox: bronchospasm, bradycardia, mask symptoms of hypoglycemia (block effect of EPI), CNS effects like insomnia and depression, inc triglycerides.
- contras: bronchial asthma, bradycardia, heart block, cardiogenic shock
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Term
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Definition
- trade:
- half-life: 24hr
- MoA: non-selective B-blocker
- Elim:
- Rx: long term angina, hyperTN
- tox: bronchospasm, masks symptoms of hypoglycemia, CNS effects including insomnia and depression, inc triglycerides, bradycardia
- contras: broncial asthma, bradycardia, heart block, cardiogenic shock
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Term
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Definition
- trade:
- half-life: 4hr
- MoA: non-selective B-blocker
- Elim:
- Rx: glaucoma (dec amt aq humor)
- tox: bronchospasm, masks symptoms of hypoglycemia, CNS effects including insomnia and depression, raise triglycerides, bradycardia
- contras: bronchial asthma, bradycardia, heart block, cg shock
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Term
| metoprolol, atenolol, esmolol |
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Definition
- half-life: hrs/hrs/9min (so used in ER)
- MoA: selective B1-blocker (less effect on TPR)
- Elim:
- Rx: HyperTN, angina, arrhythmia (x/x/sv tachy)
- tox: depression, insomnia, hypoTN, bradycardia
- contras: heart block, cg shock
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Term
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Definition
- half-life:
- MoA: partial B-agonist
- Elim:
- Rx: hypertension due to high sym output and for those less tolerant of bradycardia and reduce exercise capacity caused by other B-blockers
- tox: same as for non-selective B-blockers
- contras: same as above
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Term
| phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine |
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Definition
- half-life:
- MoA: non-selective a-blocker (irreversible/reversible)
- Elim:
- Rx: pheochromocytoma (esp phenoxy), dermal necrosis (esp phento)
- tox: hypoTN, reflx tachy, nasal congestion
- contras: coronary artery disease
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Term
| prazosin, doxazosin, terazosin |
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Definition
- half-life:
- MoA: selective a1-blocker
- Elim:
- Rx: hyperTN, benign prostatic hyperplasia(constricts prostrate to release ureter so guy can pee again)
- tox: syncopy, orthostatic hypotension
- contras:
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